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1L'obsessió dels mitjans occidentals amb la lluita de les combatents kurdes contra Estat IslàmicWestern Media Is Obsessed With Kurdish Female Fighters Battling ISIS
2Dos dones membres de les YPJ, un grup afiliat a les Unitats de Protecció Popular (YPG), patrullen per la base propera a Ras al-Ayn, un poble kurd al nord de Síria (11 d'october de 2013).Two armed female members of the YPJ, a group affiliated with the People's Protection Units (YPG), walks around the base near Ras al-Ayn, a Kurdish town located in northern Syria. 11 October 2013.
3Foto de Younes Mohammad.Photo by Younes Mohammad.
4Copyright DemotixCopyright Demotix
5Les dones que lluiten a les files de les forces kurdes són al centre d'atenció dels mitjans a mesura que el grup Estat Islàmic (ISIS) ha avançat cap a Mosul, una de les ciutats més grans de l'Irac, i cap al cantó autònom kurd de Kobane.Women fighting in the ranks of the armed Kurdish forces have come into the spotlight as ISIS has made large territorial gains in Mosul, one of the largest cities in Iraq, and battled to take control of the autonomous Kurdish canton of Kobane on the border of Turkey.
6Les agències de notícies internacionals i molts activistes han destacat imatges de dones peixmerga (guerrilleres) en les seves cobertures informatives i a les xarxes socials.International media agencies and activists alike have pushed images of female Peshmerga in their coverage and on social networking sites.
7La idea i la imatge de dones amb uniforme, fortament armades, sense por i combatent al costat d'homes sembla que atrauen perquè es perceben com un dels missatges més forts de desafiament contra ISIS, la brutal organització gihadista responsable de l'assassinat en massa de civils i soldats iraquians i sirians, cooperants i periodistes, a més del segrest, la violació i el matrimoni forçat de dones.The idea of women in uniform, heavily armed, fearless and fighting alongside men seems to be enticing, perhaps even captivating because it is perceived to be one of the strongest messages of defiance in the face of ISIS - a notoriously brutal Al Qaeda offshoot responsible for mass killing of Iraqi soldiers, Syrian soldiers, aid workers, journalists and the kidnapping, rape and forced marriage of women.
8A Mosul, de fet, el grup obliga a confinar les dones a casa.In the group's Mosul manifesto, ISIS requires the confinement of women to their homes, unless absolutely necessary.
9No passa dia, doncs, sense que es comparteixin imatges de dones combatents.It seems not a day passes without these images of female fighters being shared.
10Però la veritat és que, més enllà de l'augment sobtat actual de l'atenció mediàtica, les dones kurdes no són noves al camp de batalla.The truth is, contrary to the sudden surge of attention, Kurdish women are not new to the battlefield.
11Es podria dir que en totes les grans batalles que han dut a terme, els kurds han rebut el suport directe de les dones o la seva complicitat.Arguably all the battles Kurds have fought historically have been either side by side with women, and/or with the complicity of women as caretakers at home, raising a new generation, taking care of domestic affairs, earning a livelihood and so on.
12Nahida Ahmed: We wanted to join #Peshmerga to send the message that there is no difference between men and women. pic.twitter.com/iAR1SssQM7Nahida Ahmed: We wanted to join #Peshmerga to send the message that there is no difference between men and women. pic.twitter.com/iAR1SssQM7
13- Para Keta (@ParaKeta) November 13, 2014- Para Keta (@ParaKeta) November 13, 2014
14PKK Women Fighters show Peshmerga soldiers how to handle the AK-47 in Kirkuk pic.twitter.com/jhxVHr1ExHPKK Women Fighters show Peshmerga soldiers how to handle the AK-47 in Kirkuk pic.twitter.com/jhxVHr1ExH
15- Qêrîna Bêdeng (@Qerina_Bedeng) November 11, 2014- Qêrîna Bêdeng (@Qerina_Bedeng) November 11, 2014
16Gotta love the commitment shown by these Kurdish women as they volunteer to aid #Peshmerga against #ISIS.Gotta love the commitment shown by these Kurdish women as they volunteer to aid #Peshmerga against #ISIS.
17#NO2ISIS pic.twitter.com/XitnFcXIe6#NO2ISIS pic.twitter.com/XitnFcXIe6
18- Mustafa Al-Khaqani (@Iraqism) August 20, 2014- Mustafa Al-Khaqani (@Iraqism) August 20, 2014
19IS getting smashed by the women it wants confined to their homes is immensely satisfying. http://t.co/OtOxvGZvC7 pic.twitter.com/Br6KnBntmGIS getting smashed by the women it wants confined to their homes is immensely satisfying. http://t.co/OtOxvGZvC7 pic.twitter.com/Br6KnBntmG
20- Mahmoud (@MahmoudRamsey) August 13, 2014- Mahmoud (@MahmoudRamsey) August 13, 2014
21L'obsessió per les combatents femenines que lluiten contra l'ISIS sembla que es basa en la idea del desafiament.The obsession with female fighters against ISIS seems to be premised on the idea of defiance.
22Les dones lluiten amb els peixmergues homes contra els militants gihadistes, en peu d'igualtat, i això és percebut com una raresa a l'Orient Mitjà.The Peshmerga women have battled with ISIS fighters, and standing on an equal footing with men in their ranks is evidently perceived to be an alien concept in the Middle East.
23Margaret George Shello.Margaret George Shello.
24Amb tot, hi ha dotzenes d'exemples que il·lustren que les dones lluitadores no són cosa d'ara, sinó que han existit històricament en les comunitats kurdes.Public domain. However, there are dozens of examples which illustrate that women fighters are not new, but have existed within Kurdish communities historically.
25És el cas de Margaret George Shello, una de les primeres dones fotografiades que van anar a les muntanyes amb els peixmergues i que es va convertir en tot un símbol de la participació femenina en la lluita kurda.Take the following picture of Margaret George Shello for instance, who was among one of the first photographed women to go to the mountains with the Peshmerga and became a symbol of women's participation in the Kurdish struggle.
26La lluita del poble kurd a Turquia, amb l'aparició de grups armats com el Partit dels Treballadors del Kurdistan (PKK) la dècada del 1970, també ha estat encapçalada per homes i dones a la màxima cadena de comandament.The Kurdish people's struggle in Turkey, which led to the emergence of armed groups such as the Kurdistan Worker's Party (PKK) in the 1970s, consists of both men and women to the highest chain of command.
27En uns altres mots, les dones combatents al Kurdistan no són noves, però els grans mitjans de comunicació no ho havien destacat fins ara en la seva cobertura de la lluita per l'autonomia i la independència kurdes.In other words, female fighters in Kurdistan is not new, but mainstream media outlets have been very gender-selective in portraying the Kurdish struggle for autonomy (and independence).