# | dan | eng |
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1 | Spørgsmål om ophavet til russisk homofobi i kølvandet på brutalt mord | In Wake of Brutal Murder, Questions About the Roots of Russian Homophobia |
2 | (Alle links er på engelsk, medmindre andet er angivet) | |
3 | Det sidste år har RuNet Echo beskrevet Ruslands LGBT-fællesskabs sørgelige tilstand. Love, som forbyder såkaldt “homoseksuel propaganda”, som første gang blev vedtaget i Sankt Petersborg [GV], fremmes nu i det russiske parlament [GV] af parlamentsmedlemmerne Sergey Dorofeev og Elena Mizulina, og det aktuelle lovforslag behandles i øjeblikket for anden gang. | Over the past year RuNet Echo has covered the woes of the Russian LGBT community [GV], specifically with regard to laws banning so-called “propaganda of homosexuality,” passed first by the city of St. Petersburg [GV] and now being championed in the Russian parliament [GV] by MPs Sergey Dorofeev and Elena Mizulina (the proposed bill is currently in its second “reading,” or amendment process). |
4 | Ikke overraskende har dette intolerante klima og den stadigt mere hadefulde retorik resulteret i deciderede hate crimes. | It is unsurprising that this intolerant climate and increasingly hateful rhetoric would finally give rise to actual hate crimes. |
5 | Nøjagtig dén slutning drog mange russiske bloggere efter det brutale mord på den 23-årige Vladislav Tornovoi, som havde deltaget i festligheder med tre mænd fra Volgograd [da], der efterfølgende blev anholdt for mordet. Tilsyneladende indrømmede de anholdte, at årsagen til mordet var, at Tornovoi havde fortalt dem, at han var homoseksuel. | This is precisely the connection that many Russian bloggers made after learning that the three Volgograd men who were arrested for brutally murdering their drinking companion, the 23 year old Vladislav Tornovoi, on the night following the May 9th Victory Day celebrations, apparently admitted that they did so because he told them he was gay. |
6 | Boris Vishnevsky bloggede [ru] i den forbindelse på websitet for Echo Moskvy: | Boris Vishnevsky blogged [ru] on the Echo Moskvy website: |
7 | Jeg ønsker at tro, at morderne vil blive straffet. | I want to believe that the killers will be punished. |
8 | Men hvem vil straffe selve ideologiens ophavsmænd? | But who will punish the ideological instigators? |
9 | [De, som] i mange år, uden at kunne blive straffet (og fra parlamentets talerstol) har spredt had og fjendskab på baggrund af seksuel orientering? | [Those who] for many years have, with impunity, (and with the use of a parliamentary pulpit) spread hate and enmity based on sexual orientation? |
10 | [De, som] adopterer vanvittige love, som forbyder “homoseksuel propaganda?” | [Those who] adopt insane laws banning “propaganda of homosexuality?” |
11 | Den ene af Tornovoi's mordere (til højre) beskriver for politiet, præcis hvordan han begik forbrydelsen. | One of Tornovoi's murderers (on right) describes to the police how exactly he committed the crime. |
12 | YouTube screenshot fra d. 17. maj 2013. | YouTube screenshot, May 17, 2013. |
13 | De homofobiske motiver til mordet understøttes af det faktum, at de tre mænd, efter brutalt at have overfaldet Tornovoi, afklædte ham og tvang tomme ølflasker op i hans endetarm. Dette ledte journalisten Alexander Timofeevsky til at udgive følgende kommentar på sin Facebook-side: | The homophobic motives for the murder are seemingly supported by the fact that after brutally beating Tornovoi the men undressed him and forced empty beer bottles into his rectum, leading the journalist Alexander Timofeevsky to comment [ru] on his Facebook account: |
14 | Jeg undrer mig over, om medlemmerne af State Duma, som alt imens de højlydt reklamerer for deres moralske position lige nu er ved at vedtage en lov, der forbyder homoseksuel propaganda, forstår at disse ølflasker - “to indsat helt, og den tredje delvist” - dybest set blev givet [til morderne] af dem? | I wonder, do the State Duma deputies, who while noisily advertising their moral position are right now passing a law banning the propaganda of homosexuality, understand that these beer bottles - “two entered fully, and the third partially” - were basically given [to the murderers] by them? |
15 | Frem for at skyde skylden for mordet på Ruslands homofobiske parlamentarikere, pegede andre på, at homofobi er endemisk i det russiske samfund. Ifølge én teori skyldes dette et socialt stigma om homoseksualitet, som hovedsageligt udspringer af det høje antal af tidligere fængselsindsatte i befolkningen. | Others blamed the murder not on Russia's homophobic parliamentarians, but simply on the homophobia endemic to Russian society, according to one theory mainly as the result of a large former inmate population and the associated stigma of homosexuality. |
16 | Kirill Shulika, som er næstformand i DemVybor og blogger, skrev [ru]: | DemVybor's Deputy Chairman and prolific blogger Kirill Shulika wrote [ru]: |
17 | Homofobi? | Homophobia? |
18 | Muligvis, men den er bundet til det faktum, at denne homoseksuelle persons druk-venner var tidligere indsatte. | Maybe, but it is tied to the fact that the drinking buddies of this gay person were former inmates. |
19 | Generelt er homofobi i Rusland bundet til det faktum, at halvdelen af landet har siddet inde eller kender nogen, der har. | In general, in Russia homophobia is tied to the fact that half the country has done time or knows someone who's done time. |
20 | […] Mizulina og [næstformand i Sankt Petersborgs lovgivende forsamling og fortaler for de oprindelige forbud mod homoseksuel propaganda] Milonovs homofobi har et helt andet mål. | […] Mizulina and [St. Petersburg deputy and champion of the original bans on propaganda of homosexuality] Milonov's homophobia has a completely different goal. |
21 | Den er rettet mod aktivister i protestbevægelsen med det mål at distrahere dem fra reelle problemer. | It is geared towards activists of the protest movement with the goal of distracting them from real problems. |
22 | En lignende pointe blev fremført af journalisten Andrey Gromov [ru] og presseagenten Pavel Sviatenkov [ru], som ligeledes anklagede fængselskulturen, hvor homoseksualitet praktiseres i udstrakt grad samtidig med, at homoseksuelle anses for at være en social lavstatusgruppe. | A similar point was made by journalist Andrey Gromov [ru], and publicist Pavel Sviatenkov [ru], who also blamed prison culture where homosexuality is widely practiced, and yet homosexuals are considered to be a lower caste. |
23 | Eftersom sådan adfærd i fængsler ofte hænger sammen med magtrelationer, sagde Sviatenkov: | Because such conduct is often part of power relations in prison society, Sviatenkov says: |
24 | Fra et kriminalfilosofisk synspunkt er det skamfuldt at være en passiv homoseksuel, en “hane.” | From the point of view of criminal philosophy its is shameful to be a passive homosexual, a “rooster.” |
25 | Men en aktiv homoseksuel bliver betragtet som en “rigtig mand.” | But an active homosexual is considered a “real man.” |
26 | Vladislav Tornovois billede fra VKontakte. | Vladislav Tornovoi's VKontakte photograph. |
27 | Spørgsmålet om, hvad der forstås som homoseksualitet, var i fokus i forbindelse med dækningen af mordet på Tornovoi, særligt efter bloggere fandt frem til hans side på VKontakte [ru]. | The question of what constitutes homosexuality was at the forefront of reporting on Tornovoi's death, especially after bloggers found his VKontakte page [ru]. |
28 | Tornovoi, der fremstår som en ganske almindelig fyr, var fan af den populære rapgruppe Kasta. Dette ledte TV-personligheden Anton Krasovsky, som for nylig sprang ud på TV og straks efterfølgende blev fyret, til at bemærke, at han var en “typisk gopnik” [på moderne russisk er det etymologisk omstridte begreb gopnik betydningsmæssigt beslægtet med det britisk-engelske chav]. | Tornovoi appears to be a fairly regular guy, and a fan of the popular rap group Kasta, which led Anton Krasovsky, a TV personality who recently came out on television and was summarily dismissed from his position, to note that he was a “common gopnik” [in modern Russian the term gopnik [ru], the etymology of which is contested, is closest to the British chav in meaning]. |
29 | Venner af Tornovoi var ligeledes hurtige til at komme ham til “forsvar” [ru] på YouTube, hvor de hævdede, at de “ikke havde lagt mærke til” noget homoseksuelt [ru] ved ham. | Tornovoi's friends were also quick to jump to his “defense” [ru] on YouTube, claiming that they “didn't notice” anything homosexual [ru] about him. |
30 | I en artikel [ru] udgivet adskillige dage efter mordet i netavisen Publicpost, som er tilknyttet Echo Moskvy, proklamerede disse venner, at eftersom Tornovoi godt “kunne lide piger” og eftersom han aldrig havde haft erektion under et besøg i de offentlige bade sammen med dem, kunne han simpelthen ikke være homoseksuel. | In an article [ru] published several days after the murder in the Echo Moskvy affiliated online newspaper Publicpost, these friends claimed that because Tornovoi “liked girls” and because he never had an erection while visiting the public baths with them, he simply could not be gay. |
31 | Disse erklæringer blev taget op af den nationalkonservative blogger Natalia Kholmogorova, som insinuerede [ru], at det var morderne, som var homoseksuelle: | These claims were picked up on by nationalist/conservative blogger Natalia Kholmogorova, who insinuated [ru] that it was the murderers who were gay: |
32 | Adskillige mænd angriber en, efterligner en pervers seksuel handling med ham, manipulerer på sadistisk vis hans kønsorganer (beklager detaljerne), og dræber ham efterfølgende. | Several men attack one, imitate a perverse sexual act with him, sadistically manipulate his sexual organs (sorry for the details), then kill him. |
33 | […] Dette er ikke “homofober fangede og torturerede en stakkels homoseksuel” - det er en gruppe sadister, som begik homoseksuel vold mod deres offer. | […] This isn't “homophobes caught and tortured a poor gay” - it's a group of sadists who perpetrated homosexual violence on their victim. |
34 | Hvis Tornovoi i virkeligheden ikke var homoseksuel, må hans mordere selv have digtet deres forklaring om, at han havde fortalt dem det, uanset sådanne tvivlsomme, homofobiske holdninger. | Regardless of such loopy, homophobic opinions, if Tornovoi was not actually gay, then his murderers had to have made up the fact that he told them that he was. |
35 | Dette bekymrer Alexander Timofeevsky, eftersom homofobi i Rusland dermed kan være et endnu større problem end hidtil antaget: | This worries Alexander Timofeevsky, because it might mean that Russian homophobia is even worse than we thought: |
36 | Dette betyder, at de betragter et offers homoseksualitet som et formildende, hvis ikke frikendende, motiv. | This means that they think that homosexuality of a victim is a mitigating, if not exonerating, motive. |
37 | Som om dét at dræbe bøsser er naturens orden. | As in, killing fags is the natural order of things. |
38 | Se på næstformand Elena Mizulina, en vigtig kvinde fra Moskva, som siger på TV, at deres [de homoseksuelles] adfærd ikke kan undskyldes. | Look at deputy Elena Mizulina, an important woman from Moscow, who says on TV that their [the homosexuals'] behavior can't be excused. |