| # | dan | eng |
|---|
| 1 | Østrig: Hvordan sociale medier “antændte universiteterne” | Austria: How Social Media Set “Universities on Fire” |
| 2 | Vidste du, at mange universiteter på tværs af Europa i 2009 var besat af studerende? | Did you know that at this very moment many universities throughout Europe are occupied by students? |
| 3 | Tusinder af studerende sov, lavede mad, debatterede og festede i deres auditorier for at protestere imod underfinansieringen af uddannelsessystemet og den såkaldte Bologna Process, en uddannelsespolitik i EU-landene. | Thousands of them are sleeping, cooking, debating and partying in their auditoriums to protest against the under-financing of the educational system and the so-called Bologna Process, a European Union education policy. |
| 4 | Det, der gjorde disse protester anderledes, var det faktum, at de ikke blev koordineret centralt af studenterforbund, men opstod fuldstændigt fra bunden med hjælp fra sociale online-medier. | What is so special about these protests is the fact that they have not been centrally coordinated by student unions but have been organized entirely bottom-up, with the help of online social media. |
| 5 | Det hele startede i Wien, Østrig, den 22. oktober 2009, da en lille gruppe studerende mødtes til en flashmob i byens centrum, og derfra gik mod Wiens Universitet, hvor de helt spontant besatte universitetets Auditorium Maximum. | It all started in Vienna, Austria on October 22, when a small group of students met for a flashmob in the city center to protest, and then headed to University of Vienna where they spontaneously occupied the Auditorium Maximum. |
| 6 | Da politiet ankom, havde nyhederne om besættelsen allerede cirkuleret på Twitter og mobiliseret så mange meddemonstranter, at det var umuligt at rydde salen. | By the time police arrived, the news of the occupation had already circulated on Twitter, mobilizing so many supporters it was impossible to clear the hall. |
| 7 | Inden for få dage havde besætterne - til deres egen overraskelse - givet fødsel til en bemærkelsesværdig organisationsstruktur: Mobilisering og kommunikation blev organiseret via Twitterprofilerne “hashtags” #unibrennt og #unsereuni (“universitetet brænder” og “vores universitet”). | |
| 8 | Unsereuni website | Unsereuni website |
| 9 | En 24h webcast fra Auditorium Maximum blev søsat. | A 24h webcast from the Auditorium Maximum was put in place. |
| 10 | Strukturelle opgaver lige fra madlavning til rengøring blev organiseret via en wiki [de], og en webside [de] tog sig af information til offentligheden. | Organizational tasks from cooking to cleaning were structured via a wiki, and a website communicated with the public. |
| 11 | Twitter, blogs og Facebook (32,400 fans efter et par måneder) blev brugt til at sprede budskabet. | Twitter, blogs and Facebook (32,400 fans so far) were used to spread the word. |
| 12 | Dette gav to resultater: | This had two effects: |
| 13 | - For første gang behøvede en protestaktion i denne størrelsesorden ikke massemediernes hjælp til at mobilisere støtte. | - For the first time protests of this scale did not need the support of mass media for mobilization. |
| 14 | Mindre end en uge efter protesternes begynden kunne mere end 20.000 demonstranter organisere sig og bevæge sig gennem Wiens gader inden massemedierne overhovedet kunne nå at dække begivenhederne. | Within less than a week after the beginning of the protests more than 20,000 demonstrators roamed the streets of Vienna, preceding any mass media coverage. |
| 15 | Kontakt med massemedierne var begrænset til et absolut minimum (hvilket skabte megen forvirring). | Media contacts were limited to a bare minimum (which produced much confusion). |
| 16 | De studerende havde simpelthen ikke brug for mediedækningen, og eftersom protestaktionen var uden hierarkisk struktur, var det så som så med talspersoner. | Students simply didn‘t need the media and since the protests lacked hierarchy, there was a shortage of spokespersons. |
| 17 | - For det andet: Da alle kunne følge med i det, der foregik inden i Auditorium Maximum (webcasten havde en halv million views inden for den første måned), afholdt det tabloidpressen fra at stemple de protesterende som vandaler eller ekstremister. | - Second, because everyone could follow what was going on inside the Auditorium Maximum (the webcast produced half a million views within one month) it kept the tabloid press from labeling the protesters as rioters or extremists. |
| 18 | Alt for mange mennesker vidste, at dette ikke var sandt. | Too many people knew it wasn‘t true. |
| 19 | Den oplysende informationskilde havde skiftet side. | The power of opinion-making had shifted. |
| 20 | Hurtigt spredte protesterne sig til andre universitetsbyer i Østrig og uden for landet: Mindre end en måned efter de første protester var næsten 100 universiteter [en, de] i Østrig, Tyskland, Schweiz, Albanien, Serbien, Frankrig, Italien, Kroatien og Holland besat eller havde oplevet andre former for massedemonstrationer. | Soon the protests infected other university cities in Austria and abroad: Today, less than a month and a half after the first protests, almost 100 universities in Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Albania, Serbia, France, Italy, Croatia and the Netherlands are occupied or have seen other forms of mass protest. |
| 21 | På Wissen belastet [de] har Max Kossatz, en blogger og mediekommentator fra Østrig, analyseret [de] Twitter-informationerne: 66.379 tweets fra 6.780 forskellige brugernavne havde publiceret tweets om emnet inden for en måned. | On Wissen belastet, Max Kossatz, a blogger and media observer from Austria, has analyzed [de] the Twitter stream: 66,379 tweets by 6,780 different usernames have been published on the subject in the last month. |
| 22 | 1.043 billeder blev posted på Twitpic med i alt 125.612 views - se Twitpic photo mashup på Youtube. | 1,043 pictures were posted on Twitpic and produced 125,612 views - see this Twitpic photo mashup on Youtube. |
| 23 | Og særligt interessant er det nedenstående kort, der ved at vise de publicerede tweets illustrerer, hvordan protesterne med tiden spredte sig (se filmen i HD og på fullscreen for at få det fulde indtryk): | And especially interesting, is the following map of tweets that illustrates how the protests spread over time (watch in HD and fullscreen to get the full experience): |
| 24 | Gerald Bäck fra Bäck Blog [de], som arbejder med medieobservans, regnede sig frem til, at det antal mennesker, man nåede med disse tweets, det vil sige det unikke antal followers til netop disse tweets, var 386.860. | Gerald Bäck of Bäck Blog, who works in the media observation business, found out that the gross reach of the tweets, i.e. the unique number of followers exposed to them, was 386,860. |
| 25 | Hans analyse [de] viser, hvem der havde den vigtigste indflydelse, hvilke URLs, der blev linket mest til, og hvilke hashtags, der var mest benyttede. | His analysis [de] shows who the key influencers were, what URLs were most linked to and what hashtags were used most. |
| 26 | På sin blog, smime [en], har Michael Schuster, som er specialist i semantisk analyse, offentliggjort en oversigt [de] over de “konventionelle medier”, der dækkede begivenhederne. | In his blog, smime, Michael Schuster who is specialist in semantic analysis, contributed an overview [de] of the “old media” covering the events. |
| 27 | Han talte 2.700 artikler og identificerede fire fokusområder, der hver var aktuelle omtrent en uge: “Protesterne opstår”, “protesterne fortsætter”, “protesterne breder sig” og til sidst “okay, det var det”. | He counted 2,700 articles and identified four trends lasting roughly one week each: “Protests take place”, “protests continue”, “protests widen”, and recently, “ok, enough now.” |
| 28 | Luca Hammer fra 2-Blog [de], studerende og teknisk mastermind bag web-aktiviteterne i Wien, har offentliggjort et feltstudium [de] af, hvordan wikis, Twitter og webcast blev brugt til at sætte planerne i værk. | Luca Hammer of 2-Blog, a student and technical mastermind behind the Viennese web activities, has published a field report [de] of how wikis, Twitter and webcast were used to get things rolling. |
| 29 | Det ser ud til at #unibrennt-sagen blev en milesten i forandring af østrigsk politik via brugen af sociale online-medier. | It looks like the case of #unibrennt may become an early milestone in the transformation of Austrian politics by the use of online social media. |
| 30 | Det har skabt meget opmærksomhed - og forvirring - blandt de konventionelle medier og politiske strukturer, og har derudover skabt en stemning af mulighed for medbestemmelse blandt studerende og deres digitale støtter og støttepunkter. | It has created wide attention - and confusion - among established media and political structures, and created a spirit of empowerment among students and digital leaders. |