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1 | The Stateless People of Egypt | Ejipta: Ireo Olona Tsy Manana ny Zom-pirenena ao Ejipta |
2 | Stateless people are those who do not have a nationality. | Ireo olona tsy mizaka ny zom-pirenena Ejypta dia ireo olona tsy manana firenena niavina (tanindrazana). |
3 | According to the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR), there are up to 12 million stateless people in the world. | Araka ny filazan'ny Sampan-draharahan'ny Firenena Mikambana misahana ny mpitsoa-ponenana (UNHCR), 12 tapitrisa mahery ireo olona tsy manan-tanindrazana manerantany. |
4 | Sometimes the concept of being stateless is confused with refugees. | Indraindray afangaro amin'ny mpitsoa-ponenana ny olona tsy manan-tanindrazana. |
5 | However, many stateless people are not refugees as they have never crossed any international border. | Na dia izany aza, maro amin'ireo olona tsy manan-tanindrazana no tsy olona mpitsoa-ponenana satria mbola tsy nivoaka tany ivelany mihitsy izy ireo. |
6 | While the Universal Declaration of Human Rights affirms that everyone has the right to a nationality and prohibits the arbitrary deprivation of nationality, stateless people exist due to different reasons; gender, ethnic and religious discrimination are among main factors. | Na dia milaza aza ny Fanambarana iraisam-pirenena momba ny Zon'olombelona fa manan-jo hizaka ny zom-pirenena ny tsirairay ary voaràra ny fanesorana tsy ara-drariny ny zom-pirenena, maro ireo olona tsy mizaka ny zom-pirenena noho ny antony maro samihafa: anisan'ny tena antony lehibe ny fanavakavahana maha-lahy na vavy, ny firazanana sy ny finoana. |
7 | Stateless people usually suffer from multiple forms of human rights violations and lack of access to basic rights such as education, employment, healthcare, and political participation. | Matetika mijaly noho ireo karazana fanitsakitsahana ny zon'olombelona sy ny tsy fananana ny zo fototra toy ny fianarana, asa, fitsaboana, ary fandraisana anjara amin'ny politika ireo olona tsy manan-tanindrazana. |
8 | Statelessness is not uncommon in the Arab world. | Tsy zava-tsy mahazatra ao amin'ny tontolo Arabo ny fisiana olona tsy mizaka ny zom-pirenena. |
9 | Palestinians are a prime example as their nationality is not recognized by other countries. | Ohatra voalohany amin'izany ny Palestiniana izay tsy eken'ny firenena hafa ny zom-pireneny. |
10 | Also, those who live in Jerusalem but didn't apply for Israeli citizenship are without nationality. | Torak'izany koa ireo olona monina ao Jerosalema tsy mizaka ny zom-pirenena Isiraeliana satria tsy nangataka izany. |
11 | Bidoon (without nationality) people of Kuwait and other Gulf countries, Sahrawi refugees in Algeria, and the black minority in Mauritania are other examples of stateless people in Arab countries. | Anisan'ny ohatra amin'ireo olona tsy mizaka ny zom-pirenena ao amin'ny firenena Arabo ihany kao ny Bidoon (tsy mizaka ny maha olom-pirenena) mponina ao Koety sy ny firenena Golfa hafa, Mpitsoa-ponenana Sahrawi ao Alzeria, sy ny mainty hoditra vitsy an'isa ao Maoritania. |
12 | National laws that prevent mothers from transferring nationality to their children if the father is not a national is also one of the main reasons for statelessness in different countries, such as Iraq and Oman. | Mandràra ny reny tsy hamindra ny zom-pirenena amin'ny zanany ny lalàna ao amin'ny firenena raha toa ka tsy mizaka ny zom-pirenena ao an-toerana ny rainy, anisan'ny antony lehibe hisian'ireo olona tsy manan-tanindrazana amin'ny firenena maro isan-karazany izany, tahaka ny ao Iraka sy Oman. |
13 | While the issue of statelessness doesn't get much visibility, some activists have been raising their voices and using social media to highlight it. | Na dia tsy fantatry ny maro aza ny fisian'izany olona tsy manan-tanindrazana izany, niaka-peo ireo mpikatroka sasany ary nampiasa ny fampahalalam-baovao sosialy mba hampisongadina sy hitantara ny fisian'izany. |
14 | In Kuwait, online advocacy is an important tool for shedding light on the plight of Bidoon people. | Ao Koety, fitaovana lehibe entina hiarovana sy hijerena ny marina momba ny mponina Bidoon ny aterineto. |
15 | Global Voices author Mona Kareem has started Bidoon Rights Blog to document the situation of this community in Kuwait. | Mpanoratra ato amin'ny Global Voices Mona Kareem nanomboka ny Bidoon Rights blog, tetikasa hitantarany ny toe-javatra mahazo ity fiarahamonina ao Koety ity. |
16 | In Egypt, Abdullah Elshamy, a reporter for Al Jazeera shared on Twitter the details of his visit to the Azazma tribe in the East of the Sinai Peninsula. | Ao Ejipta, Abdullah Elshamy, mpanao gazety ao amin'ny Al Jazeera nizara tao amin'ny Twitter momba ny antsipirihan'ny fitsidihany tao amin'ny foko Azazma, ao Atsinanan'i Saikanosy Sinai. |
17 | Elshamy tweeted: | Elshamy nisioka hoe: |
18 | @abdallahelshamy: Notes on statelessness in Egypt: Today I was visiting Azazma tribe in East Sinai near borders with Palestine; 150 km far from Arish. | @abdallahelshamy: Fanamarihana momba ny tsy fizakana ny zom-pirenena ao Ejypta: Androany aho nitsidika ny foko Azazma ao Atsinanan'i Sinai akaikin'ny sisintany Palestina; 150 km miala ao Arish. |
19 | He added: | Hoy izy nanampy: |
20 | @abdallahelshamy: This tribe has been living for decades without Egyptian nationality. | @abdallahelshamy: Efa taompolo maro no tsy nizaka ny zom-pirenena ity foko ity. |
21 | They only have one health unit with no staff and it is totally covered with dust. | Toeram-pitsaboana tokana ihany no ananan'izy ireo izay tsy misy mpitsabo akory no feno vovoka ny trano. |
22 | He continued: | Hoy izy nanohy: |
23 | @abdallahelshamy:The tribe leader told me: We heard that President Morsi is a just man and we demand that he solves our problem so that our sons could travel and work. | @abdallahelshamy: Hoy ny lehiben'ny foko nilaza tamiko: Ny zavatra mba renay dia hoe lehilahy marina ny filoha Morsi ka mangataka aminy izahay mba handravona ny olana misy eto aminay mba ahafahan'ny zanakay lahy hivezivezy sy hiasa. |
24 | Azazma tribe is a nomadic society that is spread out between Negev and Sinai deserts on both sides of the Egyptian and Israeli borders. | Fiarahamonina mpifindrafindra fonenena ny foko Azazma izay miparitaka eo anelanelan' i Negev sy ny tany hay Sinai ao amin'ireo sisintany roa Ejipsiana sy Isiraeliana. |
25 | The tribe members in Sinai number between 3,000 to 5,000 people. | Mponina eo amin'ny 3000 hatramin'ny 5000 eo no mpikambana ao amin'ny foko akaikin'i Sinai. |
26 | After the Israeli occupation of Sinai ended, Azazma tribe members on the Egyptian side expected to obtain the Egyptian nationality, but were only left with “passage documents” with unidentified nationalities. | Taoriana ny fiafaran'ny fibodoan'i Israely an'i Sinai, nanantena hahazo ny fizakàn-jo maha-olom-pirenena ejipsiana ny fiarahamonina foko Azazma monina miaraka amin'ny Ejipsiana, kanefa “antonta-taratasy momba ny fiampitàna (passage)” ihany izay tsy ahitana zom-pirenena mazava no azon'izy ireo. |
27 | In a blog post from 2008 entitled Azazma, people of the border or border for the people?, blogger and poet Ashraf AlAnany ponders difficult questions regarding the history of Azazma, their complex relationship with Israel and the perceived lack of loyalty to Egypt which propagates their statelessness. | Tao amin'ny lahatsoratra bilaogy tamin'ny taona 2008 izay mitondra ny lohateny hoe Azazma, people of the border or border for the people (Azazma, mponin'ny sisintany sa sisintanin'ny mponina?, bilaogera sady poety Ashraf AlAnany nametraka fanontaniana sarotra momba ny tantaran'ny Azazma, ny fifandraisany mahasahirana amin'i Isiraely sy ny fahitan'izy ireo ny tsy fisian'ny fahatsoram-po eo amin'i Ejipta izay nanamafy ny tsy fizakàn'izy ireo ny zom-pirenena. |
28 | AlAnany wrote: | Hoy i AlAnany nanoratra: |
29 | I believe we have one of two options; the first is to continue their situation at the border and continuously remain as a tension point. | Inoako fa safidy roa ihany no eo ampelatanantsika; ny voalohany dia ny fanohizana ny toe-javatra iainan'izy ireo ao amin'ny sisintany ka hijanona ho olana foana izany. |
30 | They're without nationality so how do we demand them to be integrated in this country and treat it as its citizens with all the rights and duties. | Tsy mizaka ny zom-pirenena izy ireo ka ahoana ny fomba ataontsika mba hidiran'izy ireo sy hijanon'izy ireo ao amin'ny firenena ary ny handraisan'azy ireo ho toy ny olom-pirenena rehetra mizaka ny zo sy andraikitra mitovy ao amin'ny firenena. |
31 | The second option, which I believe would be opposed by many, is that they become Egyptian nationals. | Ny safidy faharoa, izay fantatro fa hotsikerain'ny maro dia, ny hanomezana azy ireo ny zom-pirenena Ejipsiana. |
32 | The opponents would say that the Azazam of 1953 were forcefully displaced by occupation forces. | Mety hilaza ireo mpitsikera fa noterena hifindra ny Azazam tamin'ny taona 1953. |
33 | Others may take the argument to another level and say “How do we give nationality to a tribe that works with Israelis as guides in the Border Guard Division and as soldiers or officers in the Bedouin Troops, how do we ensure their loyalty?” | Ny hafa kosa lasa lavitra ka mety hilaza hoe “Ahoana no fomba hanomezantsika zom-pirenena ho an'ny foko izay miasa miaraka amin'ny Isiraeliana ho toy ny mpitari-dalana ao amin'ny Vondro-Tafika Miaro ny Sisintany sy miaramila na manambohinahitra tao amin'ny vondro-tafika Bedoay, ahoana no ahalalantsika ny fitokisany ?” |
34 | Elshamy shared photos from his visit to the tribe: | Elshamy nizara sary nandritra ny fitsidihany tao amin'ny foko: |
35 | A photo of one of the tribe's sheikhs showing his passage document; the only official paper he has. | Sarin'iray amin'ireo sheikhs ao amin'ny foko mampiseho ny taratasy fiampitàna; taratsy ofisialy hany mba ananany. |
36 | Photograph shared by @abdullahelshamy on Twitter | Sary nozarain'i @abdullahelshamy tao amin'ny Twitter |
37 | A photo of children of the tribe, by @abdullahelshamy | Sarin'ireo ankizy ao amin'ny foko, sary: @abdullahelshamy |
38 | The Azazma tribe, however, are not the only stateless people in Egypt. | Na dia izany aza, tsy ny foko Azazma ihany no olona tsy mizaka ny zom-pirenena ao Ejipta. |
39 | Since Palestinians who fled to Egypt and other Arab countries were not granted citizenship and lost their original citizenship, many of them are now stateless. | Hatramin'ny nandosiran'ny Palestiniana tao Ejipta sy ireo firenena Arabo hafa, very avokoa ny zom-pirenen'izy ireo tany am-boalohany, kanefa mbola tsy nahazo ny zom-pirenena Ejipsiana izy ireo ankehitriny , maro amin'izy ireo no tsy manan-tanindrazana intsony ankehitriny. |
40 | Other than that, small numbers of people of Armenian origin are stateless in Egypt. | Ankoatra izany, mponina vitsy avy ao Armenia ihany koa no tsy manan-tanindrazana ao Ejipta. |
41 | Children of mixed Ethiopian-Eritrean origins can also be stateless and some of them seek asylum in Egypt. | Mety anisan'ny tsy manan-tanindrazana ihany koa ny ankizy metisy Etiopiana-Eritreana ary maro amin'izy ireo no mangataka hialokaloka an'i Ejipta. |
42 | Until recently, people of the Bahai' faith were not able to obtain official documents such as birth certificates or national IDs as their faith was not recognized by the state. | Vao haingana, tsy nahazo ny antonta-taratasy ofisialy toy ny fanamarinam-pahaterahana na karapanondro ny mponina ao finoana Bahai' satria tsy neken'ny fanjakana ny finoan'izy ireo. |
43 | In 2008, the Administrative Court ruled that Bahai's could be issued documents without mentioning their religion, deemed as a historic step towards integrating them. | Tamin'ny taona 2008, nanambara ny Fitsarana momba ny raharaham-panjakana fa efa azo omena azy ireo izany antonta-taratasy izany ary tsy ilaina ny manamarika na mametraka ny finoany, efa dingana ara-tantara amin'ny fampidiran'azy ireo hanana zom-pirenena izany. |
44 | The UNHCR has started a campaign last year to combat statelessness, encouraging countries to sign agreements related to reducing statelessness. | Nanao hetsika ny UNHCR tamin'ny taon-dasa mba hiady amin'ny tsy fananan-tanindrazana, ka mamporisika ireo firenena mba hanao sonia fifanekena momba ny fihenan'izany tranga izany. |
45 | Except for Tunisia, Libya and Algeria, Arab countries did not sign these conventions. | Ankoatra an'i Tonizia, Libya ary Alzeria, tsy nisy firenena Arabo nanao sonia izany fifanekena izany. |