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1Kuku's Case Reignites Racism Debate in PortugalMandrehitra Ny Resaka Momba Ny Fanavakavahana Ny Raharaha “Kuku” Any Portiogaly
2[All links lead to Portuguese language pages except when otherwise noted.] On December 5, 2012, the Criminal Court of Lisbon acquitted a Public Security Police (PSP) agent accused of negligent homicide of a 14-year-old boy in the suburbs of Amadora, in 2009.Ny 5 Desambra 2012, ny Fitsaràna Ady Heloka ao Lisbonne dia nanafaka polisy iray avy amin'ny Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP) voampangan'ny Fampanoavana ho namono olona noho ny an-tandrevaka, ka nahafaty zazalahy kely iray 14 taona tao an-tanànan'i Santa Filomena ao Amadora, tamin'ny 2009.
3The announcement of the court's decision reignited the debate about racism and marginalized communities in Portugal, particularly in the outskirts of Lisbon, and multiplied the amount of social media commentary repudiating the Portuguese judicial system.Nandrehitra ny resaka fanavakavahana sy ireo vondrom-piarahamonina atao an-jorom-bala any Portiogaly ny fanambaràna ilay fanapahana, indrindra fa tany amin'ireo tanàna any ambanivohitr'i Lisbonne, ary niteraka fitosatosahan-kafatra maro teny anaty tambajotra sosialy miampanga ny rafi-pitsarana portioge.
4In January 2009, three PSP agents were patrolling the surrounding areas of Amadora (dressed in plainclothes and in an uncharacterized vehicle), when they cornered a vehicle carrying five robbery suspects, including a minor named Elson Sanches, or Kuku, the son of Cape Verdean immigrants.Tamin'ny Janoary 2009, tany amin'ny manodidina an'i Amadora, olon'ny PSP telo nanao fanamian'olon-tsotra nanatanteraka anjara fisafoana niaraka taminà fiara toy ny an'ny rehetra ihany no nanàkana fiara iray nisy olona dimy noahiahiany ho nangalatra, ka Elson Sanches zaza tsy ampy taona ny iray. Izy io, izay zanaka mpifindra monina avy any Cap-Vert dia fantatra indrindra koa amin'ny anarana hoe Kuku.
5A chase unfolded, which ended with Kuku shot dead.Taorian'ny fifanenjehana, dia maty voatifitra i Kuku.
6No one witnessed the incident, except the agent who fired in alleged self-defense.Tsy nisy olona nahita afa-tsy ilay polisy nitifitra izay nilaza fa nanao izany ho fiarovan-tenany.
7A few days later, a protest against racism and police violence was organized in Amadora.Andro vitsy taorian'izay, nisy hetsika nokarakaraina tao Amadora hanoherana ny fanavakavahana sy ny herisetran'ny polisy .
8Passa Palavra collective reported on it and shared a video that features rapper Chullage reading a manifesto asking for justice:Ny fikambanana Passa Palavra [pt] dia mitantara ny zava-nisy sy mizara lahatsary iray izay ahitàna ilay mpiangaly rap, Chullage [pt], mamaky hafatra ho an'ny fitsaràna :
9They prepared and orchestrated the propaganda so that all that the media would report about that young man was: he was a criminal.Nokarakaraina sy narindra ny fampielezan-kevitra mba ho ny olona rehetra sy ny media rehetra no hiresaka momba ity zazalahy ity : jiolahimboto iny.
10And so it was right that the police had struck him with a bullet, because he was criminal.Ary satria olona mpandika lalàna, dia nopetahan'ny polisy tamin'ny bala.
11But here in Portugal we have courts, so even the criminals have to go through the courts (…).Saingy eto Portiogaly, misy ny fitsaràna, tsy maintsy ampandalovina fitsarana aloha ny mpanao heloka (…).
12In the case of Kuku it was the death penalty, executed by police.Tamin'ny raharaha Kuku, dia ny fanamelohana ho faty, notanterahan'ny polisy.
13Plataforma Gueto collective, which has been closely following the case, stated last November that the ongoing trial was “on the way to becoming yet another case of impunity for the racist executions by the police”.Ny fikambanana Plataforma Gueto [pt] izay nanaraka akaiky ity raharaha ity, dia efa nanamafy sahady tamin'ny Novambra lasa teo fa “an-dalan'ny hahalasa azy ho tranga iray fanampiny amin'ny maha-tsimatimanota ireo famonoana noho ny fanavakavahana fanaon'ny polisy” ilay didim-pitsarana.
14The collective organized a “HIP HOP for justice” concert in solidarity with of the aim of raising funds for the legal costs of the proceedings. Plataforma Gueto is also preparing a documentary titled “Violência Policial e Racismo: O Caso do Kuku” (Police violence and racism: Kuku's case), with the objective of “giving voice to the case of Kuku and to the violent racist situation that runs in the streets, police stations and Portuguese prisons”:Nikarakara lanonambe iray niarahana tamin'ny “HIP HOP Pela Justiça” [pt] ilay fikambanana mba hanangonana vola sy hiatrehana ny fandaniana amin'ny fitsaràna, sady manomana lahatsary fanadihadiana iray mitondra ny lohateny hoe “Violência Policial e Racismo: O Caso do Kuku” [“herisetran'ny polisy sy fanavakavahana: ny raharaha Kuku”][pt] mba “hitenenana ny tranga nahazo an'i Kuku sy ny zava-misy momba ny herisetram-panavakavahana miseho eny an-dalambe, any amin'ireo biraon'ny polisy sy any anaty fonja portioge” :
15In the verdict, read on December 5, the judge stated that the environmental factors surrounding the incident indicated that the agent's life was in danger, which prompted him to act in such a manner, as reported in more detail by Público newspaper.Tao anatin'ilay fanapahany, navoaka tamin'ny 5 Desambra, noheverin'ilay ramatoa mpitsara fa ny zava-nisy tamin'ny fotoana nitrangan'ny loza dia azo inoana fa loza nitatao ho an'ny ain'ilay polisy, nanosika azy hanao toy izany, araka ny fanazavàna antsipirihany kokoa ao anatin'ny gazety Público. [pt].
16SOS Racismo was one of the first organizations to react, calling the agent's acquittal “scandalous” and stressing that this verdict “portrays the profound racism in the Portuguese society”.SOS Racisme no isan'ny fikambanana nihetsika voalohany indrindra, nandray [pt] “ny fanafahana an'ilay polisy ho zava-mahamenatra” ary tamin'ny nanipihany fa ity fanapahana ity “dia mandoko ny fanavakavahana lalim-paka misy eo anatin'ny fiaraha-monina portioge”.
17Stencil in a wall in Amadora. Screenshot of the documentary “Violência Policial e Racismo: O Caso do Kuku”.“Pochoir” (fomba fanaovana sary ampiasàna taratasy na baoritra voadidy, tifirina loko mba ho lasa sary) eny amin'ny rindrina ao Amadora.
18Buala also republished a note of protest by Chullage, which underlined:Dikasary avy amin'ny lahatsary fanadihadiana ““Herisetran'ny polisy sy fanavakavahana: ny raharaha Kuku”
19From the racial point of view [the justice system] works just perfect.Buala koa dia namoaka hafatra iray [pt] fanoheran'ny Chullage [pt] izay manipika hoe :
20Legitimizing the institutional racist violence from which police violence is [only] a part, or the eviction and removal of people is another.Raha ny fomba fijery ara-piaviana dia nihodina tsara tokoa [ny fitsaràna]. Manome rariny ny herisetram-panavakavahana, izay singa iray monja ao anatiny ny herisetra ataon'ny polisy, ary ireo fandroahana no singa hafa.
21Legitimizing the use of force to keep us in our place.Manome rariny ny fampiasan-kery mba hipetrahantsika tsara.
22The No Place.Tsy misy tohiny.
23“For those who believe in justice, today is a sad day”, pointed out the blog Crise Maria, which stated that “keeping in mind all the flagrancies of the situation surrounding the death of Elson Sanches, it is surprising that there isn't even one condemnation”:“Ho an'ireo izay mino ny fitsarana, andro manjombona ny anio” hoy ny bilaogy Crise Maria [pt] manipika ao anatin'izay nosoratany hoe “rehefa raisina ho anaty kajikajy ireo zavatra rehetra mety ho namoa-doza nanodidina ny fahafatesan'i Elson Sanches, dia mahazendana ny tsy nisian'ny fanamelohana na dia iray monja aza ” :
24if Justice stops working, the dead end into which they shove us leave us any room for anything but a generalized revolt.Raha toa ka mitsahatra tsy manao ny asany ny Fitsaràna, ny làlan-tsokina nitsorahantsika dia tsy hamela na inona na inona, afa-tsy ny fitroarana faobe.
25Throughout the post, the various arguments cited by the judge to justify acquitting the agent are deconstructed, such as that “everything took place in a dangerous neighborhood”:Ao anatin'ilay lahatsoratra manontolo dia nohalalinina ireo tohankevitra isan-karazany nifaharan'ilay mpitsara mba hamotsorana ilay polisy, ohatra, ny hoe “tao anaty faritra saropady no nitranga ny tantara”:
26What about this dangerous neighborhood business?Inona koa izany, faritra saropady hoe ?
27A place where blacks live, working families, exploited and without access to documentation, with precarious contracts, families without financial capacity so that their children can attend the university?Faritra iray onenan'ireo mainty hoditra, ny fianakavian'ireo mpiasa araraotina sy tsy manana taratasy, miaraka amin'ny fifandraisana marefo eo amin'izy ireo ny mpampiasa an-dry zareo, ireo fianakaviana tsy mba manana fahafahana ara-bola handefa ny zanany hianatra eny amin'ny anjerimanontolo?
28Are there more robberies and violent crime in downtown Lisbon or at Quinta da Lage in Amadora?Be fanakanan-dàlana na heloka bevava arahan-kerisetra ve any Baixa ao afovoan-tananan'i Lisbonne na ao Quinta da Lage any Amadora ?
29And if a prejudiced classification does exists, isn't the PSP supposed to have appropriate training if their assignment is to patrol these neighborhoods?Ary raha misy ny fandaharana atao miainga avy amin'ireo fitsaratsaram-poana mampiseho fa misy ny fahasamihafana, tsy azo heverina ho efa nahazo fanazarantena mifandraika amin'izany va re ny PSP, zareo rahateo tsy maintsy manao fisafoana isanandro amin'ireny faritra ireny?
30By the way, are the young residents of these hazardous locations also benefited by the justice when they go to trial because they live there?Dia efa mazava fa ialàn'ny fitsarana ireo tanora avy amin'ireny faritra ireny raha tonga ny fotoana tsy maintsy hiatrehany fitsarana, satria ve hoe any amin'ireny faritra ireny ry zareo no monina?
31Or perhaps they go to prison faster when compared to those living elsewhere?Na raha sanatria mitranga izany, dia haingana kokoa no hidiran'izy ireny any amponja mitaha amin'ireo avy amin'ny faritra hafa.
32In an article published on 5dias, under the title “Nenhum homem é estrangeiro” (No man is a foreigner), Bruno Carvalho wrote about visits he made to the outlying neighborhoods of Santa Filomena and Cova da Moura, where families and “children of those who left Africa for Europe searching for a better life” live, and what those experiences taught him about “what black people feel when they leaves the neighborhood”.Anaty lahatsoratra iray nivoaka tao amin'ny 5dias [pt] mitondra lohateny hoe Nenhum homem é estrangeiro [“Tsy misy olona vahiny izany”], Bruno Carvalho dia manoritsoritra ireo fitsidihana nataony tany amin'ireo faritra manodidina an'i Santa Filomena sy Cova da Moura, izay faritra onenan'ireo fianakaviana sy “zanak'ireo nanakalo an'i Afrika tamin'i Eoropa, mba hikatsaka fiainana tsaratsara kokoa”, sy izay fianarana azony tamin'ireny zavatra niainany ireny, indrindra “fa izay tsapan'ireo mainty hoditra rehefa hivoaka ny faritra ry zareo”.
33Some online reaction to the case has commented on the stereotype attached to place where Kuku was killed: a social housing in the outskirts of Great Lisbon.Nisy fanehoankevitra samihafa tety anivon'ny aterineto izay manamafy ny sary raiki-tampisaka napetaka, raha tokony ho ny famonoana an'i Kuku no ho eo: tanàna iray be mponina any ambanivohitr'i Grand Lisbonne.
34An Amadora resident, Jakilson Pereira, shared a note on Facebook:Mponina iray ao Amadora, Jakilson Pereira, nizara hafatra [pt] iray tao amin'ny Facebook :
35In these whereabouts called suburbs, inhabited by blacks, roma and poor whites, the “Kuku” are constant, the acquitted Caxineiro [police] are constant.Any amin'ireny faritra lazaina fa ambanivohitra ireny, onenan'ireo mainty, ny tziganes ary ireo fotsy reraka, misy Kuku foana mandritry ny andro ary Caxineiro [olon'ny polisy] hovotsotra foana.
36Screenshot of the documentary “Violência Policial e Racismo: O Caso do Kuku”.Dikasary avy amin'ny lahatsary fanadihadiana ““Herisetran'ny polisy sy fanavakavahana: ny raharaha Kuku”.
37Kuku's mother next to a graffiti in tribute to her son.Ny renin'i Kuku eo anilan'ny saribe iray fanomezam-boninahitra an-janany.
38Recently launched newspaper Mapa reported that “the neighborhoods in Amadora are a laboratory of experimentation available to authorities so that they may rehearse techniques and methods of action”.Ilay gazetim-baovao, mpanao kiana, Mapa dia mitatitra fa “ireo Tanàna ao Amadora dia labaoratoara fanaovana andrana azon'ny manampahefana ampiasaina amin'ny fotoana rehetra ho fanazarantena aminà teknika sy fomba fanao”.
39The article quotes a young resident from Amadora who stated:Ao anatin'ilay lahatsoratra dia misy zazalahy iray avy ao Amadora milaza hoe :
40Due to the enormous stigma that exists in relation to social housing, the unreasonable and repressive [police] operations have a much greater acceptance by the public than if they were performed in a neighborhood of upper-middle class, for instance.Noho ny fitsaratsaram-poana goavana misy, atao amin'ireo tanàna be olona, dia toa eken'ny ankamaroan'ny olona ireo hetsika mahery setra sy tsy voahevitra, miohatra amin'ny hoe raha tany amin'ireo tanàna misy ireo saranga salantsalany na ambony no nitrangàn'izy ireny.
41(…) This experimentation happens daily, to a lesser extent, with identifications, arrests, or provocations, but also takes place in a larger scale such as the police operations carried out in August in which armored vehicles were used in sweeps, something unheard of in Portugal.(…) Iainana isanandro izany, manomboka amin'ny zana-tohatra ambany, toy ny fisambontsamborana, ny fanagadràna, ny fandranitana, fa koa tonga hatrany amin'ny zana-tohatra ambony toy ny rodoben'ny polisy izay nitranga tamin'ny faran'ny volana Aogositra, nampiasàna fiara mifono vy mihitsy nandritra ny fifandonana, zavatra izay voarara any Portiogaly.
42Due to the economic and social situation we are experiencing at the moment, these social housing projects are ideal for experimentation and use of force as a means of training for future situations.Noho ny zava-misy ara-toekarena iainana amin'izao fotoana, toerana mety tsara hanaovana andrana amin'ny fampiasàna hery ireny tanàna be mponina ireny, ho toy ny fanazarantena amin'izay zavatra hitranga amin'ny hoavy.
43The post by Bruno Carvalho mentioned above added that those who live in the outskirts already knew what goals the armored vehicles acquired by the state for the NATO Summit in 2010 [en] were supposed to serve - “they didn't arrive on time for the meeting but they arrived in time of invading Amadora”.Ny lahatsoratr'i Bruno Carvalho lazaina etsy ambony dia milaza fa “ireo izay miaina amin'ireny farira ireny dia efa nahafantatra sahady ny tanjona” hotratrarina amin'ireny fiara mifono vy novidian'ny fanjakana nandritra ny Vovonan'ny OTAN tamin'ny 2010 ireny - “tsy tonga ara-potoana nandritra ilay vovonana izy ireny mba hanitsahitsahana an'i Amadora”-, ary fintininy hoe :
44He concluded: Of course there are black criminals as there are white criminals.Mazava fa misy ny mainty hoditra tsy tàn-dalàna tahaka ny fisian'ny fotsy hoditra tsy tàn-dalàna rahateo.
45There are thieves and traffickers.Misy ny mpangalatra ary misy ny mpanao raharaha maizina.
46They don't have white collars and they do not see their debts nationalized.Tsy misy manana akanjo velon-drirana izy ireny ary tsy mahita ny trosany baben'ny firenena.
47But there are mainly innocent [people].Fa misy indrindra indrindra ireo tsy manan-tsiny.
48The ones who commit crime aren't forgiven for doing so, but police should keep in mind that they already feel guilty enough and don't need to beat them.Ary raha toa tsy manala tsiny ireo izay nanatanteraka azy ny hagaigena, ny fahamelohana tsy manamarina mihitsy ny herisetra fanaon'ny polisy.
49For the media, in the neighborhoods there are no innocents, and the lives of criminals, real or not, is worth less.Ho an'ny gazety, tsy misy olona tsy manan-tsiny izany any amin'ireny fartra ireny, ary ny ain'ireo mpandika lalàna, gagilahy na tsia, dia maivan-danja.
50The state orders, the newspapers report and police shoot.Ny fanjakàna mibaiko, manondro kosa ny mpanao gazety , ary dia mitifitra ny polisy.