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1 | East Asia: Flourishing Illegal Trade in ‘Captive Bred’ Exotic Birds | Azia Atsinanana: Firoboroboan'ny Varotra Vorona An-tsokosoko ‘Hatao Fiompy’ |
2 | Many endangered birds sold as captive bred have actually been caught in the wild and smuggled out of their original habitats under cruel conditions, according to a July 2012 report from the Wildlife Trade Monitoring Network (TRAFFIC). | Biby maro tandindonin-doza namidy mba hompiana anaty vàla mifefy no tany an'ala no nosamborina raha ny marina ary nalàna an-tsokosoko nivoaka ivelan'ny tontolo voajanahary niainany tamin'ny fomba feno habibiana, araka ny tatitry ny Jolay 2012 avy amin'ny Wildlife Trade Monitoring Network (TRAFFIC), tambajotra mpanara-maso ny varotra biby dia. |
3 | Wild birds traded as captive bred | Voron-dia amidy ho biby fiompy anaty vàla |
4 | More than 54,000 birds, mainly parrots and cockatoos, were imported from the Solomon Islands between 2000 and 2010 as ‘captive bred'. | Vorona maherin'ny 54.000, boloky sy “cacatoès” ny ankamaroany, no nafarana avy any amin'ireo nosy Solomon teo anelanelan'ny 2000 sy 2010 hatao ‘biby fiompy anaty vàla'. |
5 | These included birds non-native to the Solomon Islands. | Ahitàna vorona teratany avy ao amin'ireo Nosy Solomon izy ireny. |
6 | However, local authorities confirmed to TRAFFIC that the islands have no substantial bird breeding facilities and that registered bird breeders there mainly use their premises as holding sites for illegally caught wild birds bound for export. | Kanefa, nanamafy tamin'ny TRAFFIC ireo manampahefana ao an-toerana fa tsy manana foto-drafitr'asa hiompiana an'ireny vorona ireny anaty vàla araka ny tokony ho izy ireo Nosy , ary alohan'ny hanondranan-dry zareo azy, ireo mpiompy vorona voarakitra dia mampiasa ny toeram-ponenany ihany ho toy ny toeram-piompiana ireo vorona nohazaina tsy ara-dalàna. |
7 | Thousands of native Solomon Islands birds were exported as captive bred. | An'arivony ireo vorona teratany avy ao amin'ireo Nosy Solomon no aondrana ho toy ny fiompy anaty vàla. |
8 | Image from TRAFFIC. | Sary avy amin'ny TRAFFIC. |
9 | The Consumers Association in Penang, Malaysia described how wild birds are caught: | Ny Fikambanan'ireo Mpanjifa ao Penang, Malezia dia namaritra ny fomba nisamborana ireny vorona ireny : |
10 | Various methods of capture are used; one is the use of live decoy birds of the target species, which are tied by a foot to a peg in the ground with wing tips hacked off to prevent escape. | Fomba fisamborana maro samihafa no nampiasaina ; ny iray dia ny fampiasàna ho jono ny vorona iray karazana amin'ilay kendrena, izay fatorana aminà tsatoka iray amin'ny tany ny tongony, ary notapahana ny tendron'ny elany mba hisorohana ny fandosirany. |
11 | Another is liming; coating a branch with a sticky substance from fresh fruit and honey. | Fomba iray hafa ny dity ; hosorana zavatra madity vita avy amin'ny voankazo sy tantely ny sampan-kazo. |
12 | Birds trapped in this manner die a slow death as they hang upside down for hours. | Ny vorona azo amin'ity fomba ity dia matin-karerahana noho izy ireo mikirazorazo mandrtra ny ora maro. |
13 | More commonly used is the mistnets. | Ny tena be mpampiasa dia ny harato. |
14 | These nets spread across the flight paths of birds are often left up for long periods, resulting in slow agonising deaths [..] Birds are drugged with phenobarbitol or valium, stuffed into short lengths of plastic or wire mesh tubing, then put into suitcases modified to allow air circulation and be carried by hand. | Ireo harato velarina manandrify ny zotra falehan'ireo vorona misidina dia matetika no efa fotoana elabe no nihantonany teo, mitarika fahafatesana miandalana […] Dontoina amin'ny phenobarbitol na valium ireo vorona, dia afatratra aty fantsona lavabe vita plastika na vy namboarina mba hahafahan'ny rivotra mivezivezy sy mora entina tànana. |
15 | They are then taken on normal passenger flights to intermediary places like Singapore or Thailand or to their country of destination. | Avy eo ry zareo entina anaty sidina ara-dalàna ho aminà toerana fandalovana toa an'i Singapore na Thailand na ireo firenena hivantanany farany. |
16 | Trading route of wild birds | Ny làlana izoran'ny varotra voron-dia |
17 | YouTube user vladi0361 shared the Environmental Investigation Agency's investigation of the illegal trade of wildly caught parrots in Africa and Southern America [Warning: This video contains cruel content]: | vladi0361 , mpampiasa YouTube, dia nizara ny fanadihadian'ny Environmental Investigation Agency momba ny varotra tsy ara-dalàna atao an'ireo boloky nosamborina tany an'ala tao Afrika sy Amerika Atsimo [Tandremo: misy sary mety hanohina ity lahatsary ity] : |
18 | Many birds referred to in the TRAFFIC report are listed in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES), which restricts trade in wild caught individuals. | Maro amin'ireo vorona voatanisa ao anatin'ny tatitry ny TRAFFIC no tafiditra anaty lisitry ny Fifanarahana Iraisam-pirenena momba ny Varotra Karaza-Biby amam-Borona Atahorana ho lany taranaka, na ny “Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES)”, izay mamepetra ny famarotana ireo biby dia nosamborina. |
19 | However, bird traders have been making use of the loophole of ‘captive-bred' to get around the international regulations. | Kanefa, ireo mpanao bizina vorona dia nitrandraka sy nampiasa ny fomba filaza hoe ‘ompiana anaty vàla' mba hialàna amin'ny fameperana iraisam-pirenena. |
20 | The TRAFFIC report described the wild bird trading routes: | Ny tatitry ny TRAFFIC dia nanositsoritra ny làlana izoran'ny varotra voron-dia : |
21 | Over the past decade, Singapore and Malaysia combined have accounted for 93% of all birds imported from the Solomon Islands, with significant numbers being re-exported, especially to Taiwan. | Nandritra ny folo taona farany, Singapore sy Malezia mitambatra no nanome ny 93% amin'ny vorona rehetra nafarana avy any amin'ireo Nosy Solomon, izay mbola ahitàna ny isa ambony ihany koa amin'ny fanondranana azy ireny indray avy eo, indrindra fa mankany Taïwan. |
22 | Although the above three countries listed have domestic regulations to stop illegal trade of wild birds, enforcement of the law is not effective. | Na dia manana lalàna anatiny manakana ny varotra tsy ara-dalàna an'ireo voron-dia aza ireo firenena telo voatanisa etsy ambony, tsy mihatra araka ny tokony ho izy ny lalàna. |
23 | So what has gone wrong in these countries? | Fa inona loatra àry izany ny olana any amin'ireo firenena ireo ? |
24 | Singapore: Stringent laws not stopping wild bird trade | Singapore: Tsy mahasakana ny bizina voron-dia ny lalàna henjana |
25 | Singapore became a Signatory to CITES in 1986. | Isan'ireo nanao sonia ny CITES tamin'ny 1986 i Singapore. |
26 | Under the Endangered Species (Import and Export) Act, it is an offence to import and export any endangered species without a permit. | Eo ambany lalànan'ny Karazana Tandindonin-doza (Fanafarana sy Fanondranana), dia fandikàn-dalàna ny fanafàrana na fanondranana karazana tandindonin-doza nefa tsy anànana fahazoan-dàlana. |
27 | Any person or company caught violating the law will be prosecuted in Court and subjected to a large fine or even imprisonment. | Na iza na iza olona na orinasa tratra mandika lalàna dia ho entina eny amin'ny Fitsarana ary hampandoavina sazy henjana na ampidirina am-ponja. |
28 | The Animal Concerns Research & Education Society (ACRE) pointed out that despite these stringent laws, Singapore is still considered a major centre for trade in illegal wildlife: | Ny Animal Concerns Research & Education Society (ACRE) dia nanipika fa na eo aza ireny lalàna henjana ireny, dia mbola toerana tena fandalovan'ny varotra biby sy zava-maniry dia tsy ara-dalàna hatrany no andraisana an'i Singapore : |
29 | Prohibited wild animals continue to be advertised for sale as pets in Singapore over the internet, which is also an offence under Singapore law. | Mbola hita mitohy hatrany ny dokambarotra anaty aterineto mikasika ireo biby dia amidy ho toy ny fanànana an-tokantrano any Singapore, izay fandikàna lalàna ihany koa any. |
30 | Malaysia: Local support needed for the enforcement of CITES | Malezia: Ilaina ny fanohanan'ny ao an-toerana amin'ny fampiharana ny CITES |
31 | Although the Malaysian government has tried to stop illegal importation of wild birds by requiring traders to declare the origin of all imported birds, the Penang Consumers Association believes governments should take more responsibility for implementation of CITES: | Na dia niezaka ny hampiato ny fanafàrana tsy ara-dalàna voron-dia aza ny governemanta Maleziana tamin'ny fitakiana tamin'ireo mpanao ity varotra ity hanao fanambaràna ny toerana niavian' ireo vorona rehetra nafàrana, dia inoan'ny Penang Fikambanan'ireo Mpanjifa fa ny governemanta dia tokony handray andraikitra bebe kokoa amin'ny fampiharana ny CITES. |
32 | The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) lacks teeth to protect species against illegal traders act. It is only a treaty and not a law enforcement body with its signatories expected to implement the treaty's provisions through domestic legislation and agencies [..] | Ny Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) dia tsy ampy hery hiarovana ireo karazana ireo amin'ny varotra tsy ara-dalàna. Fifanarahana fotsiny ihany iny fa tsy sampan-draharaha afaka hanao lalàna hanery ireo nanao sonia azy hampihatra izay voarakitra ao anatin'ilay fifanarahana amin'ny alàlan'ny lalàna sy sampan-draharaha misy any aminy [..] |
33 | Its challenge is to muster the political support necessary to push wildlife trafficking on national agendas and stir law enforcement officials into effective action. | Ny fanambiny dia ny hamondronana ireo tohana ara-politika ilaina mba hametrahana ho anaty fandaharanasam-pirenena ny resaka varotra an-tsokosoko zava-manan'aina avy any anty ala, sady hanosehana ny tomponandraikitra amin'ny fampiharana ny lalàna mba hanao asa mivaingana. |
34 | The war against traffickers must be waged at the highest level of government. | Tokony ho laharam-pahamehan'ny governemanta ny ady atao amin'ireo mpanondrana an-tsokosoko. |
35 | The association also urged consumers to take action and stop the trade. | Niantso ireo mpanjifa handray andraikitra sy hanakana ilay varotra an-tsokosoko ihany koa ilay fikambanana. |
36 | Taiwan: Market flooded with wild bird trade | Taiwan: Tondraky ny varotra voron-dia ny tsena |
37 | An article [zh] in a Taiwanese forum for parrot lovers described the illegal trading of these birds: | Lahatsoratra iray [zh] tao amin'ny seha-piresahana iray Taiwanese ho an'ireo mpitia boloky no nanoritsoritra ny famarotana ireny vorona ireny an-tsokosoko. |
38 | Taiwan is flooded with illegal traded wild parrots. | Tondraky ny boloky amidy tsy ara-dalàna i Taiwan. |
39 | The bird stores that sell wild parrots can be found everywhere. | Hitanao eny rehetra eny ireo toeram-pivarotana vorona izay mivarotra ireny boloky avy any an'àla ireny. |
40 | The wild parrots are smuggled from other countries to Taiwan in extremely cruel manner, and many do not survive the process. | Avoaka an-tsokosoko avy any amin'ny firenena hafa ho any Taiwan ireny boloky dia ireny, amin'ny fomba tena mahatsiravina, ary maro no tsy mivoaka velona amin'izany dingana izany. |
41 | Through secret channels, the traders of wild birds manage to obtain legal documentation and “legally” import them to Taiwan [..] | Amin'ny alàlanà fantsona maro samihafa, vitan'ireo mpanao varotra an-tsokosoko ireo ny mampanao taratasy ara-dalàna ary manafatra “ara-dalàna” azy ireny ho ao Taiwan [..] |
42 | There is no way to crackdown on the illegal traders once they obtain legal documents for their birds. | Tsy misy làlana azo hanenjehana ireny mpivarotra tsy ara-dalàna ireny intsony vantany vao mahazo taratasy ara-dalàna ho an'ireo vorony ry zareo. |
43 | Only a few bird stores give up the opportunity to profit from selling smuggled wild parrots, because the exported captive breeders usually are more expensive than the wildly caught birds. | Toeram-pivarotana vitsivitsy ihany no tsy nanohy intsony ny fakàna tombontsoa amin'ny famoahana an-tsokosoko ireo boloky dia, satria matetika no lafo kokoa ireo vorona tena nompiana tanaty vàla miohatra amin'ireo teny nosamborina tany an'àla. |
44 | On the one hand, Taiwan is importing the wild birds, but according to a report from Public Television Service Taiwan [zh], the island is also a parrot export region: | Amin'ny lafiny iray, manafatra voron-dia i Taiwan, saingy araka ny tatitra iray avy amin'ny Fahitalavi-Panjakana ao Taiwan [zh], dia faritra mpanondrana boloky ihany koa ilay nosy : |
45 | In the present market of pet birds, 70% of the birds are parrots. | Ao anatin'ny tsenam-borona fiompy anaty vàla amin'izao fotoana, 70% amin'ireo vorona no boloky. |
46 | The annual export value of parrots is about seven thousand million Taiwan Dollars (about 232 million USD). | Ny sandan'ny fanondranana boloky isan-taona dia manodidina ny fito tapitrisa Dolara Taiwan (manodidina ny 232 tapitrisa Dolara Amerikana). |
47 | However, there are no statistics about the domestic market [..] | Kanefa, tsy misy ny antontan'isa mikasika ny tsena anatiny [..] |
48 | How many parrot breeding facilities are in Taiwan? | Firy no isan'ireo toerana fiompiana boloky ao Taiwan? |
49 | How many stores are selling parrots? | Firy no toeram-pivarotana mivarotra boloky? |
50 | How many parrots are in the market? | Boloky firy no mameno ny tsena? |
51 | No one knows [..] | Tsy misy mahalala [..] |
52 | Most of the parrots from the large breeding facilities are sold to Korea, Middle East, the United States, and Mainland China. | Ny ankamaroan'ireo boloky avy amin'ireo toeram-piompiana lehibe no amidy any Korea, Afovoany Atsinanana, Etazonia, ary any amin'ny Tanibe Shina. |
53 | This report also explained that to differentiate between birds bred legally in Taiwan and smuggled birds, from April 2011, the Taiwanese government has assigned individual parrots a distinctive ID. | Io tatitra io koa dia manazava fa mba hanavahana ny vorona ompiana ara-dalàna ao Taiwan sy ny biby naondrana an-tsokosoko, hatramin'ny Aprily 2011, dia tsy maintsy nametraka mari-pamantarana manokana ho an'ny boloky tsirairay ny governemanta ao Taiwan. |
54 | This post was sub-edited by Jane Ellis. | Niaraha-namoaka tamin'i Jane Ellis koa ity lahatsoratra ity. |