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1 | Bolivia’s Conflicting Stance With the USA on Coca Chewing | Mampifanolana an'i Etazonia sy Bolivia ny ravina kôka tsakoina |
2 | This post is part of our special coverage Indigenous Rights. While Bolivia was reported to be the world's third largest producer of coca by the UN 2010 World Drug report, US agents working for the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) will not be returning there anytime soon. | Mitana ny laharana fahatelo maneran-tany i Bolivia raha ny resaka famokarana kôka no jerena araka ny tatitra momba ny zavamahadomelina navoakan'ny firenena mikambana tamin'ny taona 2010, kanefa tsy avy hatrany dia nitodika tamin'i Bolivia ireo mpiasa ao amin'ny DEA (Sampana miady amin'ny fanondranana sy fidorohana zavamahadomelina any Etazonia). |
3 | The Latin Americanist blogs: | Fanazavana. The Latin Americanist mibilaogy: |
4 | In 2008 Morales expelled the Drug Enforcement Agency from operating in Bolivia after the U.S. ambassador was accused of plotting to oust him. | Tamin'ny 2008, noroahan'ny filoha Morales ny DEA taorian'ny nahafantarany fa mitsikombakomba manohitra azy ny masoivohon'i Etazonia. |
5 | More recently the U.S. and Bolivian government have been at odds over Morales' push to overturn a global ban on coca chewing. | Vao haingana, nifanolana ny fanjakana Amerikana sy Boliviana taorian'ny fanentanana nataon'i Morales hanohitra ny tsy fahazoana mitsako ravina kôka. |
6 | The president of Bolivia, Evo Morales, was a militant coca grower prior to his Presidency and passionately defends coca growing and chewing. | Ny filohan'i Bolivia, Evo Morales, mpamboly kôka nikoizana talohan'ny naha filoham-pirenena azy sady mpiaro tsy nisy fepetra ity seha-pambolena ity izay azo tsakoina koa ny raviny. |
7 | Coca Market in Bolivia. | Fivarotana kôka any Bolivia. |
8 | Image by Flickr user orianomada (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0) | Saripika mpisera Flickr orianomada (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0) |
9 | Coca chewing acts as a mild stimulant and has largely been used to treat altitude sickness. | Ny ravina kôka tsakoina dia zavamahadomelina maivana mampatanjaka, ampiasaina hitsaboana aretina azo avy any an-tendrombohitra (faritra avo). |
10 | Using the coca leaf for chewing or brewing tea has been a traditional indigenous practice in the Andes region. | Ny fampiasana ny ravina kôka tsakoina na atao dite dia fanao mahazatra nentin-drazana any amin'ny faritr'i Andes. |
11 | A study (publication of this study was banned, but is partially available on the Transnational Institute's website) in 1995 by the World Health Organization (WHO) concluded that no negative effects appear through the use of coca leaves; rather, the indigenous Andean population experienced positive effects in their therapeutic, sacred, and social functions. | Voka-pianarana iray (tsy mahazo avoaka ity vokam-pianarana ity, kanefa misy ampahany afaka jerena ao amin'ny tranokalan'ny Transnational Institute) navoakan'ny OMS (Sampan-draharahan'ny firenena mikambana momba ny fahasalamana) no mamehy fa tsy misy voka-dratsy ateraky ny fitsakoana ravina kôka; ny mifanohitra amin'izany aza, hitan'ireo mponina mipetraka any Andes fa misy voka-tsoa ny ravina kôka noho izy manasitrana, masina ary afaka ampiasan'ny daholobe. . |
12 | Blogging by boz summaries: | Blogging by boz mamehy: |
13 | There is no particularly good reason to prohibit coca leaf chewing, tea or transportation. | Tsy misy antony tokony handrarana ny fitsakoana ravina kôka, ny dite kôka na ny fitaterana azy. |
14 | Banning the coca leaf isn't helping the fight against transnational organized crime or drug trafficking in the hemisphere. | Tsy manampy velively amin'ny ady atao amin'ny fanondranana zavamahadomelina eran'ny kaontinanta ny fandrarana ny ravina kôka. |
15 | Coca chewing is not a public health issue nor does it threaten to become one if it is legalized. | Tsy miteraka olana ara-pahasalamana ho an'ny daholobe ny fitsakoana azy fa mila atao manara-dalàna fotsiny izany. |
16 | After a questionable, brief stint by the United Nations Commission of Inquiry on the Coca Leaf in Bolivia and Peru (1949), the 1961 UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs ordered the elimination of chewing coca leaves within 25 years of the treaty going into effect. | Taorian'ny fitsidihana nataon'ny vaomiera mpanao famotorana an'ny firenena mikambana mikasika ny ravina kôka any Bolivia sy Pero (tamin'ny 1949), dia nandrara ny fitsakoana ravina kôka tato anatin'ny 25 taona nanomboka hatreo amin'ny fotoana nampiharana ny fifanarahana ny Lalàna Iombonana ry zareo. |
17 | Bolivia has again resurfaced as a proponent to eliminate this UN ban. | Mbola mandà izany fandrarana nataon'ny firenena mikambana izany anefa i Bolivia. |
18 | The US moved to block Bolivia's request, further citing that an amendment to the article shows Bolivia's lack of cooperation in the fight against the drug trade. | Manao ezaka lehibe i Etazonia hampikatsoana ny fangatahan'i Bolivia, ary milaza ny sazy ampiharina araka ny lalàna izay manondro fa tsy misy ny fiaraha-miasa niarahana tamin'i Bolivia amin'ny ady atao amin'ny fanondranana zavamahadomelina. |
19 | Bolivians held demonstrations, ‘chew-ins' (see a slideshow of the chew-ins by the Andean Information Netowork), in support of their government's push for an amendment. | Nidina an-dalambe ny Boliviana, nikarakara “tsako-anaty” (kilalaon-teny mifandraika amin'ny fitokonana - jereo ny sarimiaina ao amin'ny tranokala Andean Information Netowork - Filazambaovao any Andes), hanohanana ny fanentanana nataon'ny fanjakana any an-toerana momba ny lalàna fandrarana. |
20 | Hemispheric Brief adds: | Hemispheric Brief manampy: |
21 | Cocalero and governing MAS party leader Leonilda Zurita contends the US position is out-of-touch with the much of the world. | Cocalero sy ny mpitarika ny antoko MAS Leonilda Zurita manamafy fa tsy mifanaraka amin'ny tian'ny ankamaroan'ny firenena hafa ny zavatra ataon'i Etazonia. |
22 | “The countries support us so that we can de-penalize (coca chewing); the only one opposing us is the United States,” Zurita tells AFP. | Nanambara tamin'ny AFP izy “Manohana anay ny firenena rehetra, toy ny nofoanana ny sazinay (fitsakoana kôka), firenena tokana no mitsivalana amin'izany dia i Etazonia”. |
23 | The concerns are what would reduce the amount of illegal drugs entering the US, and if the elimination of coca chewing would play a strong role in this. | Ny tena mahamaika dia ny fomba hampihenana ny fatran'ny zavamahadomelina miditra antsokosoko any Etazonia, sy ny fandrarana ny fitsakoana ravina kôka izay mitana anjara toerana amin'izany. |
24 | US officials are encouraging Mexico to look at a US sponsored ‘Plan Colombia' as a model in the drug war, despite critics of the policy calling it a failure. | Mampirisika an'i Meksika hanaraka ny “drafitra Kolombia” ny solontena amerikana, tohanan'i Etazonia, mba ho fitaratra amin'ny ady atao amin'ny zavamahadomelina, na dia eo aza ny kiana isankarazanay izay milaza fa tsy mahomby izany. |
25 | The strategy of breaking up larger cartels in order to disrupt their operations results in the immediate filling of the gap by smaller groups which are harder to track, monitor, and infiltrate. | Ny tetikady nandravana ny fifanarahana mba hanafoanana ny fanondranana no nanokatra ny làlana ho an'ny andian'olona madinika izay sarotra ny manenjika azy sy manara-maso azy ary ny miditra ao anatiny. |
26 | The case was observed to be true in Bolivia. | Ahitana izany koa any Bolivia. |
27 | Stephen N. | Stephen N. |
28 | DeWitt in A Franciscan Abroad shares: | DeWitt mizara ny traikefany ao ami'nny bilaogy A Franciscan Abroad : |
29 | During my time there a groups from my language school visited one of Bolivia's big coca growing regions and talked to the anti-drug police there. | Nandritra ny fotoana nijanonako tany, dia nitsidika faritra iray anisan'ny tena mpamokatra kôka any Bolivia ny sekoly fianarana tenim-pirenena nisy ahy ary niresaka tamin'n ypolisy tany an-toerana izahay. |
30 | They told us that the majority of drug operations in the area are family affairs. | Nolazain'izy ireo taminay fa ny ankamaroan'ny asa fanondranana zavamahadomelina any an-toerana dia raharaham-pianakaviana. |
31 | These are small family groups that process small amounts of raw coca for export to Columbia [sic] and other places to be further refined into cocaine. | Fianakaviana vitsivitsy no manodina kôka kely mbola tsy voahodina ka manondrana azy ireny mankany Kôlombia sy any amin'ny firenena hafa ka any indray izy ireny no avadika ho lasa kôkaina. |
32 | These groups use relatively cheap, portable equipment that can be moved or abandoned if discovered. | Mampiasa fitaovana mora entin-tanana ireny fianakaviana ireny ka azony entina na ariana izany rehefa tratra ry zareo. |
33 | It is nearly impossible to reduce these groups; when you arrest or shut down one, there are ten more ready to pick up the slack. | Tsy ho vita mihitsy ny hampihena ny isan'izy ireo : rehefa tratra ny fianakaviana iray dia am-polony hafa no manohy ny asany. |
34 | The move by the US to block the amendment has some skeptics -Blogging by boz writes: | Mampiahiahy ny ezaka ataon'i Etazonia hanakanana ny làlana angatahan'i Bolivia. -Blogging by boz manoratra: |
35 | Rather than taking an easy policy win on this issue and letting Bolivia's amendment pass, the Obama administration is choosing to waste political capital defending an ineffective and rather worthless policy written 50 years ago. | Raha tokony hametraka paikady tsotra mikasika ity olana ity sy hamela an'i Bolivia hanatanteraka ny lalàna nangatahany, dia naleon'i Obama sy ny fanjakany mandany andro amin'ny politika hiarovana paikady tsy mahomby sady tsy mafy orina efa natao 50 taona lasa izay. |
36 | The allowance of coca chewing is a matter of being culturally sensitive and supportive of the rights of indigenous people. | Ny fanomezana alàlana hitsako ravina kôka dia midika fanekena ny fambolena any an-toerana sy fanekena ny zon'ny tompon-tany. |
37 | Still, further issues such as policies to combat drug trafficking are connected with this practice. | Kanefa amin'izany, mifandona amin'ny zavatra hafa oindray ilay lalàna, tahaka ny ady atao amin'ny fanondranana zavamahadomelina izay andefasana ity fomba fanao ity. |
38 | While the US and Bolivia are standing on opposite sides here, a consideration of both pleas could be the way to arrive at a more acceptable compromise. | Samy miziriziry amin'ny heviny na i Etazonia na i Bolivia mikasika ity olana ity. Ny fandinihana ny foto-kevitra aroson'ny roa tonta ihany no mety hahitana marimaritra iraisana azo ekena. |