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1The Kremlin's News Man Decides It's Time to Say ‘Daesh’ Instead of ‘ISIL’Tapaka Ny Hevitr'Ilay Lehilahin'ny Vaovaon'i Kremlin Fa Fotoana Izao Hitenenana Hoe “Daesh” Fa Tsy “ISL”
2Dmitry Kiselyov.Dmitry Kiselyov.
3Photo by Kremlin.ru, April 17, 2014.Sary avy amin'ny Kremlin.ru, 17 Aprily 2014.
4CC 4.0.CC 4.0
5The Russian state media has joined the worldwide debate about what to call the Al Qaeda offshoot that has come to control large parts of Iraq and Syria.Nanjohy ny adihevitra erantany mikasika ny tokony hiantsoana ny sampana Al Qaeda izay tonga mba hifehy ny faritra midadasika ao Iraka sy Siria ny mediam-panjakana Rosiana.
6This militant organization is known to most English-language readers as ISIS (the “Islamic State of Iraq and Syria”) or simply “the Islamic State.”Fantatry ny ankamaroan'ireo mpamaky amin'ny Teny Anglisy hoe ISIS (ny “Fanjakan'ny Silamo ao Iraka sy Siria”), io fikambanana mpitolona io, na tsorina hoe “ny Fanjakana Silamo”.
7In Russia, the group is typically called ИГИЛ (the Russian form of ISIL, or “Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant”) or just ИГ (“IG,” which in Russian stands for “Islamic State”).Ao Rosia, antsoina hoe ИГИЛ ilay vondrona (endrika Rosiana ho an'ny ISIL, na “Fanjakana Silamo ao Iraka sy ny faritra Mediterane”) na fotsiny hoe ИГ (“IG,” izay midika ao Rosia ho “Fanjakana Silamo”).
8Like the French news media, much of the Arab world's journalists, and reporters in several other countries, Russia is now shifting to a new name for the group, adopting the Arabic acronym for ISIS, “Daesh,” which the group itself rejects as insulting.Tahaka ilay mediam-baovao Frantsay, ny maro amin'ireo mpanao gazety any amin'ny tontolo Arabo, sy ny ankamaroan'ireo mpitatitra vaovao amin'ny firenena hafa, eo ampikisahana hanome anaram-baovao ho an'ilay vondrona i Rosia ankehitriny, fanekena ny anaram-petaka arabo ho an'ny ISIS, “Daesh”, izay noraisin'ilay vondrona ihany ho sahala amin'ny fanimbazimbàna.
9What brought about the Russian media's sudden policy change?Inona no nitarika ny fanovàna tampoka ny politika Rosiana momba ny media?
10Those who prefer the word “Daesh” over “ISIS” and “ISIL” have Dmitry Kiselyov, Russia's so-called “propagandist-in-chief,” to thank for the shift.Ireo izay nisafidy ny teny “Daesh” fa tsy ny “ISIS” sy “ISIL” dia manana an'i Dmitry Kiselyov, izay voalaza fa “lohan'ny mpanao fampielezankevitra” ao Rosia, hisaotra ny fanovàna.
11Kiselyov, who heads the government-owned international news agency Rossiya Segodnya, introduced the new terminology on Sunday, November 29, during his weekly news program, which airs on national television.Kiselyov, izay mitarika ny Rossiya Segodnya, masoivohom-baovao iraisampirenena an'ny governemanta, nampiditra ilay teny vaovao ny alahady 29 Novambra teo, nandritra ny fampahalalam-baovaony isan-kerinandro, izay alefa amin'ny fahitalavitra nasionaly.
12The next morning, he told the newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda that Rossiya Segodnya will gradually replace the word “ISIL” with “Daesh” in reports about the organization.Ny ampitso maraina, nilazàny ny tao amin'ny gazety Komsomolskaya Pravda fa hanova miandalana ny teny “ISL” ho “Daesh” ny Rossiya Segodnya any anatin'ireo tatitra momba ilay fikambanana.
13Kiselyov listed several reasons for the change.Nitanisa ireo antony maro mitondra ho amin'ny fanovàna i Kiselyov.
14Journalists around the world, including Western outlets, he explained, are switching to the term “Daesh.”Ireo mpanao gazety erantany, anisan'izany ireo fampahalalam-baovao Tandrefana, hoy izy nanazava, dia nirona ho amin'ny teny “Daesh” avokoa.
15He also pointed out that the French government uses the word Daesh (though he didn't mention that France has used this terminology for more than a year now).Notsindriany koa fa mampiasa ny teny Daesh koa ny fanjakana Frantsay (saingy tsy nolazainy fa efa herintaona mahery izao no nampiasàn'i Frantsa io teny io).
16Finally, Kiselyov cited a request from Russian Grand Mufti Rawil Gaynetdin, who recently asked a joint session of the Russian parliament to adopt “Daesh” in place of “ISIL.”Farany, nitanisa ny fangatahana iray avy amin'i Russian Grand Mufti Rawil Gaynetdin i Kiselyov, izay nangataka fivoriana miaraka tamin'ny parlemanta Rosiana, tsy ela akory izay, mba hanaikena ny hoe “Daesh” fa tsy “ISL”.
17(Indeed, Russia's Council of Muftis has been asking as much for the past eight months.)(Eny tokoa, efa im-betsaka nitakiana izany ny Filankevitr'ireo Muftis ao Rosia nandritry ny valo volana lasa.)
18Russia's Muslim leaders say the linguistic change would remove a term that inadvertently reinforces the idea that Islam is inherently violent.Milaza ireo filoha mpitarika ny silamo ao Rosia, fa ny fanovàna ny fomba fiantso dia hanàla ny teny iray izay manamafy tsy nahy ny hevitra hoe voajanahary ny herisetra ataon'ny silamo.
19But why is Kiselyov responding to these developments only now?Fa nahoana no amin'izao fotoana izao vao mamaly momba ireny fivoaran-draharaha ireny i Kiselyov ?
20Since the November 13 attacks in Paris, Russia has intensified efforts to present itself as France's steadfast ally in Syria.Hatramin'ireo fanafihana tao Parisy ny 13 Novambra, nanatevina ireo ezaka entiny maneho ny fiarahany tsy azo tsinontsinoavina amin'i Frantsa any Siria i Rosia.
21So far, it seems to be working.Ohatran'ny mizotra tsara hatreto.
22On November 26, French President Francois Hollande even visited Moscow, where he and Vladimir Putin discussed the possibility of broadening the coalition against militant groups in Syria.Ny 26 Novambra teo, nitsidika an'i Maosko i Francois Hollande, Filoha Frantsay, izay nifanakalozany hevitra tamin'i Vladimir Putin mikasika ny fomba hampivelarana bebe kokoa ny fiarahana manohitra ireo vondrona milisy ao Siria.
23On his television show, Kiselyov also used the Daesh/IGIL split among Western countries to take a jab at Turkey (with whom tensions have been high, following a border incident in Syria), saying NATO members' approaches to the Syrian conflict are worryingly “heterogeneous.”Nandritra ny fandaharany tao amin'ny fahitalavitra, nampiasa ny fivakisan'ny firenena Tandrefana amin'ny resaka Daesh/IGL koa i Kiselyov hanaovana hetsika amin'i Torkia (izay avo dia avo ny tosidrà eo amin'izy ireo, taorian'ny tranga tany amin'ny sisitanin'i Siria), tamin'ny filazana fa mampanahy be ny fomba fandrain”ireo mpikambana amin'ny OTAN ny ady ao Siria ho “mifangaroharo be”.
24In the show, he then pivoted to a story about Ankara buying oil from ISIS, arguing that Turkey thereby sustains terrorism in Syria.Teo amin'ilay fandaharana, nihilana nankany amin'ny tantara iray mikasika ny fividianan'i Ankara solika tamin'i ISIS izy, nanambara fa manohana ny asa fampihorohoroana ao Siria i Torkia.
25A day later in Paris, incidentally, Vladimir Putin stated publicly that Turkey only shot down a Russian jet a week earlier to protect its oil trade with terrorists.Etsy andaniny, andro monja taorian'izay, tany Parisy, nolazain'i Vladimir Putin ampahibemaso fa herinandro lasa izay dia nadarabok'i Torkia ny fiaramanidina Rosiana mba hiarovany ny fandraharahana solika amin'ireo mpampihorohoro.
26One of the first people to notice that Kiselyov's Sunday-night broadcast signaled an industry-wide shift for Russia's news was Alexey Kovalev, who runs the counter-propaganda website Noodleremover.news.Iray tamin'ireo olona voalohany mba nahita hoe ny fandaharana alahady alina nataon'i Kiselyov dia nanamarika fiovàn'ny indostrian'ny fampahalalambaovao manerana an'i Rosia i Alexey Kovalev, izay mitantana ny tambanjotra mpanohitra-fampielezan-kevitra Noodleremover.news.
27Writing on Facebook on November 29, he reported that top figures in Rossiya Segodnya's news empire had begun circulating a memo announcing a shift from “ISIL” to “Daesh.”Araka ny voasoratra tao amin'ny Facebook ny 29 Novambra teo, notateriny fa manomboka mandefa naoty milaza ny fanovàna mikasika ny “ISL” ho “Daesh” ireo olo-malaza ambony ao amin'ny vaovaom-panjakan'ny Rossiya Segodnya .
28Kiselyov's decision was already filtering down, throughout Russia's state-run media.Efa voasivana sahady ny fanapahankevitr'i Kiselyov, manerana ny fitantanana ny mediam-panjakana ao Rosia.
29On November 30, RIA Novosti's David Burghardt confirmed on Kovalev's Facebook page that he'd received a memo dictating a change of terminology regarding ISIS that applies to all state-owned media outlets.Ny 30 Novambra, nanamafy teo amin'ny pejy Facebook-n'i Kiselyov i David Burghardt avy amin'ny RIA Novosti fa naharay naoty izy mitanisa ny fanovàna mikasika ny teny ISIS, izay mihatra ho an'ireo famoaham-baovaom-panjakana rehetra.
30Judging by its most recent articles, RIA Novosti (which Rossiya Segodnya controls) has already dedicated itself to the gradual transition, using the term “Daesh” with an explanatory note.Efa nanokan-tena ho an'ny fiampitàna tsikelikely ny RIA Novosti (izay ny Rosia Segodnya no mifehy azy) raha ireo lahatsorany farany no jerena, amin'ny fampiasana ny voambolana “Daesh” miaraka amin'ny naoty fanazavana.
31TASS, another state-run newswire service, also seems to be changing its terminology.TASS, sehatr'asa iray hafa fampahalalam-baovao fehezin'ny fanjakana ihany koa no sahala amin'ny efa nanova ny voambolana ampiasainy.
32While many independent outlets, like Lenta.ru, RBC, Slon, Dozhd, and Kommersant, have not showed signs of switching to “Daesh,” the pro-Kremlin publications LifeNews and Izvestia say they have been searching for a way to distance the so-called “Islamic State” from Islam for three months already.Raha toa ka maro amin'ireo seham-pamoaham-baovao tsy miankina, toy ny Lenta.ru, RBC, Slon, Dozhd, sy ny Kommersant, no mbola tsy naneho marika mikasika ny fanovàna ho “Daesh”, ireo fandefasam-baovao mpomba an'i Kremlin LifeNews sy Izvestia milaza fa efa telo volana izao no andalam-pitadiavana fomba ry zareo mikasika ny hanalavirana ny fomba fiantso hoe “Fanjakana Silamo” avy amin'ny Silamo.
33According to LifeNews Executive Director Anatoly Suleimanov, the outlet's publisher, Aram Gabrelyanov, finally made the decision to adopt the term “Daesh,” informing his staff of the change on November 30, a day after Kiselyov's broadcast.Araka ny voalazan'ny Tale Mpanatanteraky ny LifeNews Anatoly Suleimanov, ny 30 Novambra dia nandray fanapahan-kevitra nony farany ny mpiandraikitra ny famoahana, Aram Ashotovich, mba handany ny voambolana hoe “Daesh”, nampahafantatra ireo mpiara-miasa aminy mikasika ilay fanovàna , iray andro taorian'ny fanambaràn'i Kiselyov.
34The debate about what to call the organization that's seized control of eastern Syria and western Iraq is undoubtedly important.Tsy isalasalana fa zava-dehibe ny adihevitra mikasika izay ho fiantsoana ilay fikambanana izay naka ny fifehezana ny faritra atsinanan'i Siria sy ny andrefan'i Iràka.
35It should come as no surprise that we at Global Voices have also discussed the matter.Tsy mahagaga raha izahay ato amin'ny Global Voices ihany koa dia niady hevitra mikasika ny raharaha.
36In fact, in a Community Blog post by GV Managing Editor Sahar Habib Ghazi on July 20, we aired our internal conversation about this rhetorical riddle.Ny tena marina, ao amin'ny lahatsoratry ny Community Blog nosoratan'i Sahar Habib Ghazi, tonian-dahatsoratry ny GV , tamin'ny faha-20 n'ny volana jolay, nandefa ny adihevitra anatiny nataonay mikasika io fifandreseana lahatra momba ny fiantsoana io izahay.
37The switch by the Kremlin's media outlets to “Daesh” promises at least two features unique to Russia.Manome toky endri-javatra roa fara-fahakeliny ho an'i Rosia ny fikisahan'ireo famoahambaovaon'i Kremlin ho amin'ny “Daesh”.
38First, it could be a loophole that allows journalists to avoid the tiresome requirement set down by federal censors, which mandates that journalists mention-in every article about the group-that the “Islamic State” is “banned in Russia as an extremist organization.”Ny voalohany, mety ho io no ho fialantsinin'ireo mpanao gazety mba hialàna amin'ny fepetra raikitra mahasorena apetrak'ireo mpanao sivana ao amin'ny governemanta federaly, izay mitaky ny hilazan'ireo mpanao gazety - isaky ny lahatsoratra mikasika ilay vondrona - fa ny “Fanjakana Silamo” dia “voaràra ao Rosia tahaka ny fikambanana mahery fihetsika”.
39(Kiselyov himself endorses this advantage.)( mankasitraka an'io tombondahiny io i Kiselyov izy tenany).
40Second, and more importantly, the speed and order in which different publications change their ISIS terminology could inadvertently reveal Kiselyov's grip on Russia's media, power over much of which Vladimir Putin placed in his hands two years ago this month.Ny faharoa, ary tena manan-danja tokoa, mety hampibaribary ny taàna-maherin'i Kiselvyov amin'ireo fampahalalambaovao ao Rosia ny hafainganana sy ny filaharana izay hanovàn'ireo famoaham-baovao samihafa ny voambolana ISIS fiantsony, ny fahefana goavana izay feno roa taona amin'ity volana ity no napetrak'i Poutine ho eo ampelatanany .