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1 | New Internet Rules in China Target Usernames, Avatars as Subversive Tools | Fepetra Ho An'ny Aterineto Vaovao Ao Shina : Raisina Ho Toy Ny Fitaovana Fikomiana Ny Solonanarana sy ny Solontsary (Avatars) |
2 | Anti-umbrella sketch by Ellery Roberts Biddle. | Sangy noforonin'i Ellery Roberts Biddle hanoherana ny hetsika Elo. |
3 | This is a modified article based on an interview with Wu Tun, an online shop owner whose Taobao shop was forced to shut down in November 2014. | Lahatsoratra nasiam-panovàna izy ity, niainga avy amin'ny tafa iray niarahana tamin'i Wu Tun, tomponà toeram-pivarotana iray ety anaty aterineto izay noterena nasaina nakaton'ny Taobao tamin'ny Novambra2014. |
4 | The interview was conducted by Yi Que Tang and first published in Chinese on pao-pao.net. | i Yi Que Tang no nitantana ny tafa izay navoaka voalohany tamin'ny teny Shinoa tao amin'ny pao-pao.net. |
5 | The English version was translated by Mandy Wong and edited and republished on GV under content partnership agreement. | Mandy Wong no nanao ny dika amin'ny teny Anglisy ary navoaka sy naverina navoaka indray eto amin'ny GV noho ny fifanarahana fifampizaràna votoaty. |
6 | New Internet regulations in China criminalize the use of screen names and profile pictures that are deemed to violate existing laws, pose a threat to national security, destroy ethnic unity, or defame others. | Faritan'ny lalàna vaovao momba ny aterineto ao Shina ho heloka bevava ny fampiasàna anarana natao ho an'ny efijery fiseraserana sy solontsary ety amin'ny aterineto izay heverina ho mandika ireo lalàna misy, manohintohina ny filaminam-pirenena, na manala baràka ny hafa. |
7 | A few days before the regulation went into effect on March 1, more than 60,000 user accounts were deleted from major social media platforms. | Andro vitsy nialoha ny nampanan-kery ilay fepetra vaovao tamin'ny 1 Martsa, maherin'ny 60.000 ny kaontin'ireo mpampiasa aterineto no nofafàna tany anatin'ireo sehatra media sosialy tena fampiasa. |
8 | More than 7,000 were deleted in March, the first month of the implementation of the rules. | Maherin'ny 7.000 no nofafàna tamin'ny Martsa, volana voalohany nampiharana ireo didy. |
9 | China introduces new regulation to restrict Internet users' screen-names and profiles. | Nampiditra fepetra vaovao i Shina mba fametrahana faneriterena amin'ny fampiasàna solonanarana sy solontsaryety anaty aterineto. |
10 | Image from Jason Ng's Kenengba. | Sary an'i Jason Ng's Kenengba. |
11 | Licensed for non-commercial use. | Lisansa ho an'ny fampiasàna tsy itadiavana vola. |
12 | On February 4, China's State Internet Information Office released the Regulation on the Management of Internet User Accounts, which lists nine restrictions concerning users' screen names. | Ny 4 Febroary, navoakan'ny biraom-panjakana misahana ny fampitam-baovaon'ny aterineto ao Shina ny Fepetra amin'ny Fitantanana ny Kaontin'ireo Mpampiasa Aterineto, izay lisitra ahitàna teboka sivy fameperana mikasika ny anarana ety anaty efijery ho an'ireo mpampiasa aterineto. |
13 | The rule was put into force as part of a broader set of regulations on user identity in China - users were now be required to register for online services using their real names. | Nampidirina hanan-kery ilay didy mba ho ampahany amin'ireo fameperana midadasika be napetraka hifehy ny momba ny maha-izy azy ny mpampiasa aterineto ao Shina - takiana izao ny tsy maintsy hisoratan'ireo mpampiasa amin'ny tena anarany. |
14 | Although they may still use avatars or handles, they will need to do so in accordance with the new policy. | Na dia mety mbola hampiasa solontsary na sary nasiam-panovàna aza ry zareo, dia mila manaraka izany mba hifanaraka amin'ilay politika vaovao. |
15 | This could pose problems for many Internet users in China. | Mety hiteraka olana ho an'ny maro mampiasa aterineto ao Shina io. |
16 | Netizens with a clear political position often use their screen names, avatars or background image of their social media profile pages to make a political statement. | Matetika ireo mpisera amin'ny aterineto izay manana fijoro ara-polotika mazava no mampiasa solonanarana ety anaty efijery, solontsary na sary lafika amin'ny satan'ny pejin'ny media sosialiny mba ho entina milaza fanambaràna politika. |
17 | For example, users who believe in universal value sometimes add “MZ” (short form of Minzhu, meaning democracy in English) in their user ID. | Ohatra, mazàna ireo mpisera izay mino ny soatoavina erantany no manampy “MZ” (fanafohezana nalaina avy amin'ny Minzhu, midika demaokrasia amin'ny teny Anglisy) any anatin'ny ID. |
18 | During the escape of the blind human right activists Chen Guangcheng (Chen escaped to the US Embassy in Beijing in 2012), his supporters changed their screen name to “In Need of Guang [Light] and Cheng [Sincerity]”. | Nandritry ny fandosiran'ilay lehilahy jamba mpikatroka mafàna fo amin'ny fiarovana zon'olombelona, Chen Guangcheng (Chen nandositra nankao amin'ny masoivoho Amerikana tao Beijing tamin'ny 2012), samy nanova ny solonanarany daholo ireo mpomba azy ho “Mila ny Guang [Hazavana] sy Cheng [Fahatsorana]”. |
19 | Avatars too have a similar function. | Manana anjara asa tahaka izany ihany koa ny solontsary. |
20 | During the Umbrella Movement in Hong Kong, supporters from mainland China changed their profile picture to the movement's icon of the open umbrella. | Nandritry ny Hetsika Elo tao Hong Kong, nanova ny sary momba azy ireo mpanohana avy any amin'ny tanibe Shina ho lasa ny sary elo mivelatra famantarana ilay hetsika. |
21 | In the case of Wu Tun, if Wu changed his profile picture to the image of the T-shirt to show his support for Ai Weiwei, most likely his account will be suspended under the “Nine restrictions” of the new regulation on user accounts. | Amin'ny raharaha Wu Tun, raha nanaova ny momba azy i Wu ho lasa sarin'ny T-Shirt maneho ny fanohanany an'i Ai Weiwei, dia azo inoana fa ho nahantona noho ireo “fandraràna sivy” ao anatin'ilay fepetra vaovao momba ny kaontin'ireo mpampiasa aterineto ny kaontiny. |
22 | The restrictions could be interpreted to cover almost everything. | Azo adika ho fanaronana saiky ny zavatra rehetra mihitsy ireo fandraràna. |
23 | For example, one of the restrictions is “spreading rumors and disrupting public order.” | Ohatra, iray amin'ireo fandraràna ny “fanelezana honohono sy fanelingelenana ny filaminan'ny daholobe.” |
24 | But really, who can judge whether a piece of information is rumor in China? | Saingy izao kosa, iza no afaka hitsara raha honohono ny ampaham-baovao iray ao Shina? |
25 | And how can a profile picture and self-introduction “disrupt public order”? | Ary ahoana no ahafahan'ny solontsary iray sy ny teny fampidirana ny tena ho “manelingelina ny filaminan'ny daholobe”? |
26 | The authority controls the “ultimate power to interpret” the restrictions. | Fehezin'ireo manampahefana ny “fahefana farany afaka milaza ny dikan”ireo fandraràna ireo. |
27 | Recently a mainland Chinese netizen published a photoshopped picture of Xi Jinping in his WeChat friend circle and was summoned by the police, who accused him of “disrupting public order.” | Tsy ela akory izay ny teratany iray mpisera amin'ny aterineto avy ao amin'ny tanibe no namoaka tao amin'ny faribolan'ireo namany WeChat ny sary iray nokirainy tamin'ny photoshop, sarin'i Xi Jinping, ary nampanantsoin'ny polisy, izay niampanga azy ho “manelingelina ny filaminan'ny daholobe.” |
28 | Many netizens have expressed their doubts about the restriction on “subverting state power and destroying national unity.” | Marobe ireo mpisera amin'ny aterineto no naneho ny ahiahiny momba ilay fandraràna mikasika ny “fikomiana amin'ny fahefam-panjakana sy fanimbàna ny firaisam-pirenena.” |
29 | Again, how can an avatar destroy national unity? | Averina indray, fomba ahoana no hanimbàn'ny solontsary iray ny firaisam-pirenena? |
30 | It seems that any image that can be interpreted as critical towards the authorities can be prosecuted under the new user account regulation. | Tahaka ny hoe izay sary rehetra azo adika ho manohintohina ny manampahefana dia azo enjehana noho ilay fepetra vaovao mahakasika ny kaontin'ireo mpampiasa aterineto daholp. |
31 | The Chinese Internet has adopted a close door policy and the space for speaking online is shrinking rapidly. | Ny politikan'ny varavarana tery no nosafidian'ny Aterineto Shinoa ary dia nihatery faran'izay haingana ny habaka firesahana ety anaty aterineto. |
32 | Many choose to remain silent out of frustration and fear. | Maro no nisafidy ny hampangiana ny adintsainy sy ny tahotra ananany. |