# | eng | mlg |
---|
1 | For Venezuelans, Job Opportunities Lie Just Over the Border in Brazil | Ho An'ireo Venezoeliana, Masoandro Miposaka Ahitàna Asa Ny Sisintany Breziliana |
2 | On the border with Brazil. | Ao amin'ny sisintny iraisana amin'i Brezila. |
3 | Photo from Flickr account barloventomagico. | Sary avy amin'ny kaonty Flickr barloventomagico. |
4 | CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 | CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 |
5 | This post was originally published on the blog Las Crónicas de la Frontera. | Nivoaka voalohany tao amin'ny bilaogy Las Crónicas de la Frontera ity lahatsoratra ity |
6 | Vicner, Raquel and Eva never thought that they would end up working abroad to make a living. | Tsy nosainin'i Vicner, Raquel sy Eva velively hoe mety hiasa hitady fivelomana any ivelanyno niafaràn'izy ireo. |
7 | But as the opportunity arose, they made their calculations and headed for the other side of the border to work and make money in Brazilian reais. | Saingy satria mitombo ny vintana, dia nanao kajikajy ry zareo ary nandeha niampita sisintany mba hiasa sy hitady vola any amin'ny ‘reais' Breziliana. |
8 | At the moment of writing this post, the currency exchange rate in the market was 55 Venezuelan bolivars for 1 real, even if the official exchange rate is 2.19 bolivars for 1 real. | Tamin'ny fotoana nanoratana ity lahatsoratra ity, ny sandan-ny fanakalozam-bola teo amin'ny tsena dia 55 bolivara boliviana n y 1 reais, na dia 2,9 bolivara aza ny 1 reais eo amin'ny fifanakalozana ara-dalàna. |
9 | This does not mean that Vicner, Raquel and Eva are emigrants. | Tsy midika izany fa hoe mpifindra monina ry Vicner, Raquel ary Eva. |
10 | None of the them live in Brazil. | Tsy misy mipetraka any Brezila na iray aza ry zareo. |
11 | They work, eat and sleep there until they are paid, when they return to Santa Elena de Uairen in Venezuela, to exchange the money and use it to pay for whatever they and their families need to buy. | Miasa, mihinana ary matory any ry zareo mandra-pandrainy karama, ary rehefa miverina mody any Santa Elena de Uairen ao Venezoela, mba hanakalo ny vola sy hampiasa izany hividianana izay ilain-dry zareo sy ny fianakaviany vidiana. |
12 | Vicner, separated from her husband and with two daughters, was looking for work at the beginning of the year, when a friend came to her house to ask if she wanted to work in a restaurant in Villa Pacaraima, on the Brazilian side of the border. | Vicner, nisaraka tamin'ny vadiny ary niteraka roavavy, dia nitady asa tany am-piandohan'ny taona, raha sendra nandalo tao an-tranony ny namany iray nanontany azy raha toa izy ka maniry ny hiasa aminà trano fisakafoanana iray ao an-tanànan'i Villa Pacaraima, any ampitan'ny sisintany iraisana amin'i Brezila. |
13 | She works a stone's throw away the village's main shopping street. | Tsy lavitra fa eo ampitan'ilay arabe feno mpivarotra ao an-tanàna no miasa izy. |
14 | Pacaraima, also known as BV8 or La Línea (The Border), is the closest Brazilian town to Venezuela, home to 5,000 people, most of them government employees, farmers or traders. | Pacaraima, fantatra koa amin'ny hoe BV8 na La Línea (ny Sisintany), no tanàna akaiky indrindra an'i Venezoela, ahitàna olona eo amin'ny 5.000, ny ankamaroany dia mpiasam-panjakana, tantsaha na mpivarotra. |
15 | BV8 flourished between 1990 and 2005, while the currency exchange favored Venezuelans, who bought products like Brazilian sausage, beauty products, hammocks, hats, Havaianas sandals and T-shirts with the colors of the Brazilian flag. | Niroborobo teo anelanelan'ny 1990 sy 2005 i BV8, raha manome vàhana kosa ireo Venezoaliana ny fanakalozana vola, ireo Venezoeliana izay mividy vokatra toy ny saosisy Breziliana, ankosotra fanatsaràna endrika, hamacs st satroka, kapakapa Havaianas ary T-shirts misy sarin'ny sainam-pirenena Breziliana. |
16 | In those days, it was Brazilians who would come from Boa Vista and other places in the Roraima state to work in Santa Elena on the Venezuelan side of the border. | Tamin'izany andro izany, ny Breziliana no te-ho any Boa Vista sy ireo toerana hafa ao amin'ny fanjakàn'ny Roraima mba hiasa any Santa Elena, any ampitan'ny sisintany iraisany amin'i Venezoelà. |
17 | Vicner has a higher technical university degree in industrial hygiene and safety. | Manana maripahaizana ambony momba ny teknikan'ny fahadiovana sy ny aroloza indostrialy azony teny amin'ny anjerimanontolo i Vicner. |
18 | But she has never pursued her profession. | Saingy tsy nanohy ny asany velively izy. |
19 | Her friends at university who managed to get a job are paid about 8,000 to 9,000 bolivars per month (the equivalent of about two US dollars). | Mahavita mandray 8.000 hatramin'ny 9.000 bolivars isam-bolana ireo nalmany tany amin'ny anjerimanontolo (eo amin'ny roa dolara amerikana eo). |
20 | Once, she worked in a pharmacy as a saleswoman, making minimum wage. | Indray mandeha izy niasa taminà fivarotam-panafody, mpivarotra, nandray ny karama voafetra ho farany ambany indrindra. |
21 | She was a full-time mother and housewife. | Sady vady no reny tamin'ny fotoanany manontolo izy tamin'izany. |
22 | This afternoon, as she has been doing for the last month and a half, she will start working at five. | Tamin'ity tolakandro ity, toy ny nataony tamin'ny iray volana sy tapany, amin'ny dimy izy no hanomboka hiasa. |
23 | With her hair tied up and a chef's hat on her head, she will wash her hands and prepare to serve about 25 dinners. | Miaraka amin'ny volony voafatotra sy nosatrohana eny antampon-doha, hanasa tànana izy ary hikarakara handroso sakafo hariva hatramin'ny 25 isa. |
24 | Although her mother has a restaurant, when she got married she did not know how to fry an egg. | Na dia manana trano fisakafoanana aza ny reniny, rehefa nanan-tokantrano izy dia tsy nahay nanendy atody akory. |
25 | Now, she makes burgers and homemade food, rice and beans, meat, pasta and salad. | Izao, manamboatra mofo voasesika (burgers) izy, ary sakafo karakarain'ilay toeram-pisakafoana ihany, vary sy voamaina, hena, paty sy salady. |
26 | She has learned how to cook without using too much seasoning. | Nianatra nahandro tsy dia nila loatra fangarony betsaka izy. |
27 | She says that Brazilians like their food plain. | Skafo tsotra no tian-dry zareo Breziliana , hoy izy. |
28 | Around 10 p.m., she will tidy up, clean and leave the business ready for the next day. | Eo amin'ny 10 ora alina eo, handamindamina izy, hanadio ary handao ny toeram-piasàna vonona hiatrika indray ny ampitso. |
29 | She will finish by 11. | Amin'ny 11 izy no hirava. |
30 | She works throughout the week, and she doesn't know when her day off is going to be yet. | Miasa mandritry ny herinandro izy, ary tsy mbola mahafantatra akory hoe rahoviana no ho anjara andro fialantsasatra ho azy. |
31 | She worked for the last month and a half every day, without a single day off. She makes 700 reais (about 235 US dollars) plus room and board. | Niasa isanandro izy tamin'iny iray volana sy tapany iny, tsy nahazo na andro iray hialàna sasatra aza. Mandray eo amin'ny 700 reais eo ( 235 dolara amerikana any ho any) miampy efitrano sy sakafo. |
32 | Tomorrow morning she is planning on going to Santa Elena, 15 kilometers away, to spend some time with her daughters and cook for them. | Miomana ny ho any Santa Elena izy rahampitso maraina, 15 kilaometatra miala eo, mba handany fotoana miaraka amin'ireo zanany vavy sy hahandro ho azy ireo. |
33 | Both of them, 5 and 11 years old, are living with their grandmother because in Pacaraima it is increasingly difficult to get a place in school for Venezuelans. | 5 sy 11 taona izy roa ireo, miara-monina amin'ny renibeny satria ao Pacaraima dia miha-sarotra ny mahita toerana any an-tsekoly ho an'ireo Venezoeliana. |
34 | It used to be easier - there are around 200 Venezuelan children studying in BV8 - but now those who want an enrollment have to place their names on a waiting list and manage to get a student visa. | Mora izany taloha - mis eo amin'ny manodidina ny 200 eo ireo ankizy Venezoeliana mianatra ao BV8 - fa ankehitriny ireo izay maniry ny hahazo toerana dia mila manoratra ny anarany ao anaty lisitra fiandry ary miezaka ny hahazo fahazoan-dàlana ho an'ny mpianatra. |
35 | Vicner will probably be able to enroll them in 2016. | Mety ho afaka hanoratra azy ireo ihany i Vicner amin'ny 2016. |
36 | “I heard that some Venezuelans complain of mistreatment, but I did not had any problems (…) I'm happy here, I love what I do and I like the atmosphere. | “Reko fa misy sasantsasany amin'ireo Venezoelian ano mitaraina amin'ny fomba fitondra azzy ireo, fa izaho kosa tsy nanana olana (…) Falu aho eto, tiako ny zavatra ataoko ary tiako ny rivotra iainana. |
37 | I love the weather, people are nice and the salary is not bad.” | Tiako ny toetrandro, mahafnaritra ny olona ary tsy ratsy ny karama.” |
38 | They make the equivalent of 40,000 bolivars with no expenses. | Mahazo eo amin'ny 40.000 bolivara eo ry zareo, tsy misy fandaniana atao. |
39 | In those six weeks, she has met four other Venezuelans in similar circumstances: a girl who works in a lingerie store, who makes 500 reais (around 170 dollars) per month and works part-time; a man who works in supermarket cashier and makes 1,000 reais (around 340 dollars) working full-time, plus a woman that works in a beauty salon. | Tao anatin'ny enina herinandro, nifanena taminà Venezoeliana efatra hafa izy taminà toe-draharaha tsy misy hafa tamin'izany: tovovavy iray miasa aminà magazay fivarotana akanjo, izay mandray 500 reais ( 170 dolara) eo isam-bolana ary miasa tapak'andro; lehilahy iray manao asàn'ny mpandray vola aminà toeram-pivarotana lehibe ary mandray eo amin'ny 1.000 reais (manodidina ny 340 dolara), miasa tontolo andro, miampy vehivavy iray miasa aminà toerana mpikarakara endrika amam-bika. |
40 | “The boy told me that he came from Valencia (a city in the north of Venezuela) because of the lack of security and also because he was unemployed.” | “Nolazain'ilay bandy ahy fa avy any Valencia izy (tanàna iray any avaratr'i Venezoela) noho ny tsy fahampian'ny fandriampahalemana sy ny tsy fanànany asa ihany koa.” |
41 | As of January 1, 2015, the Brazilian minimum wage is 788 reais (about 330 dollars). | Nanomboka ny 1 Janoary 2015, 788 reias (eo amin'ny 330 dolara eo) ny karama farany ambany ao Brezila. |
42 | A person must be paid at least 27.27 reais for a day work, or 3.58 per hour. | Tsy maintsy mandray 27,27 reias raha kely indrindra amin'ny asa ataony isanandro ny olona iray, na 3,58 isan'ora. |
43 | Venezuela implemented rigorous and complex regulations on currency exchange in 2003. | Tamin'ny 2003, nametraka fepetra henjana sy manahirana i Venezoela momba ny fanakalozana vola. |
44 | Currently, it has four different exchange rates, three of them regulated by the state, and the fourth is the free dollar exchange rate. | Amin'izao fotoana izao, manana snda-pîfanakalozana miisa efatra izy, ny telo amin'ireo dia fehezin”ny fanjakana, any ny fahaefatra dia ny sanda malalaka ho fanakalozana ny dolara. |
45 | Raquel and Eva alternate caring for an elderly lady in Boa Vista, the capital of the Brazilian state of Roraima, which is a city of about 350,000 people, located 220 kilometers from Santa Elena. | Mifandimby i Raquel sy Eva mikarakara ramatoabe efa antitra ao Boa Vista, renivohitr'ilay fanjakàna Brezilaina ao Roraima,izay tanàna iray misy mponina eo amin'ny 350.000 eo, any amin'ny 220 kilaometatra miala an'i Santa Elena. |
46 | Right now, Eva is working and Rachel is back in Santa Elena. | Amin'izao ora itenenana izao, dia i Eva no miasa raha i Rachel kosa nody any Santa Elena. |
47 | Today, Eva will rise around 6 a.m., help the woman get out of bed and wash up, then she will prepare coffee with milk and bread for breakfast. | Androany, hifoha amin'ny 6 maraina i Eva, hanampy ilay ramatoa hiala ao am-pandriana sy hisasa, avy eo izy hikarakara kafe misy ronono ary mofo ho sakafo maraina. |
48 | They will spend the morning together. | Hiaraka handany ny maraina tontolo izy ireo. |
49 | Eva will probably tidy up the house; make lunch, cooking fish from the river, chicken or steak, rice, salad and fruit juice; then they both will take a nap; afterword they will get up and pass the time talking; Eva will make dinner, cooking perhaps some vegetable soup, and finally she will help the woman go to bed. | Azo antoka fa hikarakara handamin-trano i Eva; hanao sakafo antoandro, hanendy trondro avy nojonoina, akoho sy nofon-kena, vary, salady sy ranom-boankazo; avy eo zareo miaraka mitsotsotra maka aina; avy eo indray mifoha sy mandany andro miresaka; hikarakara ny sakafo hariva indray i Eva, angamba hahandro lasopy legioma, ary farany dia hanampy ilay ramatoa indray hiverina any am-pandriana. |
50 | “I feel good in Boa Vista, I do not need to pay for room and board. | “Mahazo aina tsara aho ao Boa Vista, tsy mila mandoa hofantrano na sakafo. |
51 | And with the difficult situation we have in Venezuela, where one cannot make end meets, it suits me to work here. | Ary miaraka amin'ny toe-draharaha sarotra iainanay any Venezoela, izay tsy mahatratra faran'ny volana akory ny karaman'ny olona, mety amiko ny miasa eto. |
52 | I do not spend any money while working in Brazil. | Tsy mandany vola aho rehefa miasa aty Brezila. |
53 | My boss, she even pays for my commuting expenses, and in December she gave me brand new clothes to wear,” said Rachel. | Ny mpampiasa ahy, alohany hatramin'ny saran-dàlako mivezivezy mihitsy aza, ary tamin'ny Desambra dia nomeny aknajo vaovao aho ho ahy,” hoy i Rachel. |
54 | Rachel makes 1,000 reais (around 350 dollars) a month, although she has heard that a Brazilian woman asks for around 50 reais ( around 18 dollars) a day to work from 8 a.m. to 2 p.m. | Isam-bolana, mandray 1.000 reias i Rachel ( 350 dolara eo ho eo), na dia fantany aza fa mitaky manodidina ny 50 reias eo 5eo amin'ny 18 dolara) isan'ora ny vehivavy Breziliana iray miasa manomboka amin'ny 8 maraina hatramin'ny 2 ora tolakandro. |
55 | The second time she traveled on public transportation from Pacaraima to Boa Vista, she met a girl from Maracay, in the Venezuelan state of Aragua, which is located approximately 1,500 kilometers from the border. | Ny faharoa nandehanany fitateram-bahoaka avy ao Pacaraima ho any Boa Vista, nifanena taminà tovovay iray avy any Maracay izy, avy any amin'ny fanjakàn'i Aragua ao Venezoela izay any amin'ny 1.500 kilaometatra eo ho eo miala ny sisintany. |
56 | The girl said that she had an uncle working in the Santa Elena airport and that he put her in touch with the owner of a food kiosk in Boa Vista. | Nolazain'ilay tovovavy fa nanana dadatoa niasa tao amin'ny seranam-piaramanidina ao Santa Elena izy ary io no nampifandray azy tamin'ny tomponà toeram-pivarotana sakafo tao Boa Vista. |
57 | She makes 700 reais (250 dollars) per month. | Mandray 700 reais (250 dolara) isam-bolana izy. |
58 | Soto, a professional musician, travels to Boa Vista each time a nightclub hires him. | Soto, matianina amin'ny fiangaliana mozika, mandeha mankao Boa Vista isaky ny misy trano filanonana amin'ny alina manakaràma azy. |
59 | They pay him for the gig, food, board and transportation. | Anakaraman-dry zareo azy ny fampisehoana, iantohana ny sakafo, ny trano sy ny fitaterana. |
60 | In one night he can make between 200 to 300 reais (80 to 100 dollars). | Ao anatin'ny alina iray dia mandray eo anelanelan'ny 200 sy 300 reais eo izy (80 hatramin'ny 100 dolara). |
61 | People tease him y saying that with this amount of money, a person may live for two weeks in Venezuela. | Esoin'ny olona amin'io tontalim-bola io izy amin'ny fitenenana aminy hoe herinandro roa ihany no hiainan'ny olona amin'izany ao Venezoela. |
62 | “I have met many skilled workers, welders, bricklayers, who are working there. | “Nihaona taminà mpiasa maro manana traikefa aho, mpanefy, mpanao trano, izay miasa aty. |
63 | They cross the border for the duration of the contract and come back,” he says. | Miampita sisintany mandra-pahatapitry ny fifanarahany izy ireny dia miverina mody,” hoy izy. |
64 | At its headquarters in Pacaraima, the Brazilian Federal Police areusually rigorous when checking the entry of foreigners. | Ao amin'ny foiben-toerany ao Pacaraima, ny Polisy Federaly Breziliana dia matetika no hentitra rehefa manara-maso ny fidiran'ny vahiny. |
65 | Usually, they grant residence permits for 30 days, which don't include the right to work. | Raha ny mahazatra, 30 andro no fahazoan-dàlana mitoetra omen-dry zareo, tsy tafiditra ao anatin'io ny zo hiasa. |
66 | Those who leave the country after the visa has expired must pay a fine - in Brazilian reais. | Mila mandoa lamandy ireo taorian'ny andro nahataperan'ny fetra nomena azy vao niala tany - amin'ny vola reias Breziliana. |