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1 | Peru: Monoculture Puts Iquitos Water at Risk | Pero: Mampidi-doza Ny Rano Any Iquitos Ny Voly Tokana |
2 | This is the third and final part of a series of three posts about the water problem in the city of Iquitos. | Ity no laharana fahatelo sady farany amin'ny andian-dahatsoratra telo momba ny olana mikasika ny rano ao amin'ny tanànan'i Iquitos. |
3 | See the first and the second. | Jereo ny voalohany sy ny faharoa. |
4 | In the first post of this series, we introduced some water-related issues in Iquitos and the controversy generated by the search and exploration for oil in the Nanay river basin. | Nasehonay tamin'ny lahatsoratra voalohany amin'ity andiany ity ireo olana vitsivitsy momba ny rano any Iquitos sy ny fifanoherana ateraky ny fikarohana sy ny fitrandrahana solika ao amin'ny lemaky ny reniranon'i Nanay. |
5 | In the second post we delved deeper into the case of Conoco Phillips, and also show the actions being taken by organizations like the Water Committee to protect the river and Iquitos' water supply. | Tamin'ny lahatsoratra faharoa nidiranay lalindalina kokoa ny momba an'i Conoco Phillips, ary nasehonay ihany koa ny fepetra noraisin'ny fikambanana toy ny Komitin'ny Rano ho fiarovana ny renirano sy ny famatsiana rano any Iquitos. |
6 | In this third post, we will focus on the monocultures of the Nanay river and the problem this is causing between those who support this type of crop and those who advise against it. | Ity lahatsoratra fahatelo ity, dia afantokay amin'ny voly tokana ao amin'ny reniranon'i Nanay sy ny olana entin'izany amin'ireo izay manohana ny fanaovana io voly io sy ireo izay tsy mankasitraka izany. |
7 | The struggle for water in Iquitos is not without risks. | Tsy hoe tsy tandindonin-doza akory ny ady rano any Iquitos. |
8 | José Álvarez, a researcher for IIAP (Peruvian Amazon Research Institute), published an article entitled “Monocultures in the Nanay? | José Álvarez, mpikaroka iray ao amin'ny IIAP (Ivotoeram-pikarohana Ambony Amazona Peroviana),dia namoaka lahatsoratra iray mitondra ny lohateny hoe : “Voly tokana ao Nanay? |
9 | No thanks”, [es] wherein he discussed IIAP's reasons for advising against the cultivation of palm oil in the Nanay basin, especially in the Curaca stream basin, a tributary of the Nanay, adjacent to the Allpahuayo-Mishana National Reserve. | Tsia misaotra”, [es] izay nilazany ny anton'ny tsy ankasitrahan'ny IIAP ny fambolena voanio hakana menaka ao amin'ny lemak'i Nanay, indrindra, ao amin'ny lemaky ny ranon'i Curaca, sampan-dranon'i Nanay, mifanila amin'ny Valan-javaboaharin'i Allpahuayo-Mishana. |
10 | Allpahuayo Mishana Reserve, Nanay basin, Loreto, Perú. | Ny Valan-javaboahary Allpahuayo Mishana, lemak'i Nanay, Loreto, Pero. |
11 | Photo by Maholyoak on Flickr. | Sary avy amin'i Maholyoak tamin'ny Flickr. |
12 | Published under Creative Commons license (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0) | Alàlana avy amin'ny Creative Commons (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0) |
13 | Some of the reasons are: | Ireto ny antony sasany : |
14 | - The Nanay basin is the supplier of potable water for the people of Iquitos and surrounding villages, and any serious alteration of the vegetation cover could jeopardize the provision of this vital element, both in quantity and quality. | - Ny lemak'i Nanay no mpamatsy rano fisotro ho an'ny mponina ao Iquitos sy ny tanàna manodidina, ary izay rehetra fanovàna ny zavamaniry mandrakotra io lemaka io dia mety hitera-doza ho an'ny famatsiana io singa mahavelona io, ara-kalitao sy ara-kabetsahana. |
15 | The commercial palm oil plantations, apart from involving the clearing of large areas of native forests, require high inputs of agrochemicals and therefore mean a serious threat of water pollution. | Ankoatry ny famongorana ny ala voajanahary, ny fambolena voanio famokarana menaka hamidy, dia mila fanafody simika avo lenta fampiasa amin'ny fambolena sy fiompiana izay midika ho loza mananontanona ny fahadiovan'ny rano. |
16 | - The areas where there are plans to establish palm plantations are covered entirely by nearly untouched old growth forests which have experienced minimal and selective extraction of timber species and wildlife. | - Ilay faritra novinavinaina hambolena voanio fakana menaka dia rakotra ala voa-janahary tsy mbola notrandrahana ary tsy mbola nokitihina afa-tsy ny tamin'ny nangalana santionany kely sy karazan-kazo fanorenana voafantina ary karazam-bibidia. |
17 | It is the policy of the Peruvian government, and a formal commitment to the international community, to protect old growth Amazon forests, as a measure to reduce carbon emissions and to help mitigate the impacts of climate change. | Ny fiarovana ny ala voa-janaharin'i Amazona no politikan'ny governemanta peroviana sy andraikitry ny vondrona iraisam-pirenena ihany koa, ao anatin'ny fepetra raisina ho fampihenana ny etona karbôna sy hamerana ny fiantraikany amin'ny fiovaovan'ny toetry ny andro. |
18 | But it seems this was not appreciated by some, who organized a group, supposedly “peasants” from the area, who came out to demonstrate in favor in cultivation of “palm oil” and attacking José Álvarez, carrying signs that read things like “trafficker of natural resources” and called for his expulsion from the national territory. | Nefa nisy olona sasany tsy nankasitraka izany, ka nanangana vondrona atao hoe “tantsaha” avy ao amin'io faritra io, izay nanao fihetsehana naneho ny fiandaniany amin'ny fambolena voanio fakana menaka ary nanohitra an'i José Álvarez, nilanja sora-baventy izay mivaky hoe : ” mpanondrana harena voa-janahary” ary nangataka ny fandroahana azy hiala ny firenena. |
19 | In a statement [es] in support of the researcher, a group of citizens of Iquito say that in talking to the demonstrators, they said they were told that Álvarez “was to blame for not promoting the cultivation of palm and that government loans had not been approved for this purpose” which suggested that the source of these attacks might be close to the regional authorities. | Amin'ny fanambaràna [es] nataon'ireo manohana ny mpikaroka , nisy fokonolona ao Iquito niteny fa rehefa avy niresaka tamin'ny mpanao fihetsiketsehana, dia nolazainy fa ” kianina i Álvarez noho izy tsy nanaiky ny fampiroboroboana ny fambolena voanio fakana menaka ary lavina noho izany ny fampindramam-bola nataon'ny governemanta” izay no niheverana fa ny loharanon'io fanenjehana io dia avy amin'ireo manampahefana ao amin'io faritra io. |
20 | Not all opinions are against the cultivation of palm oil in the Nanay basin. | Tsy ny hevitry ny olona rehetra anefa no manohitra io fambolena voanio fakana menaka any amin'ny lemak'i Nanay io. |
21 | The economist Víctor Villavicencio la Torre, who served as Regional Manager of Economic Development of the Regional Government of Loreto, is in favor, and writes [es]: | Mankasitraka izany ny mpahay toe-karena Víctor Villavicencio la Torre, izay Talen'ny Fampandrosoana ara-Toekarena amin'ny governemantan'ny faritr'i Loreto, ary manoratra [es] : |
22 | It is imperative to adopt or establish a regional political position regarding the promotion and encouragement of a crop that, having proven to be very profitable, may very well be an alternative for hundreds or thousands of villagers to get out of poverty, struggle and misery thanks to the alliance between the state and productive investment. | Tsy maintsy atsangana na apetraka ny politikam-paritra mahakasika ny fampiroboroboana sy famporisihina fambolena iray, izay voaporofo ny tombontsoa azo avy aminy, ary mety ho fomba hafa ahafahan'ny tambanivohitra an-jatony na an'arivony miala amin'ny fahantrana, ny ady ary ny ady amin'ny fiainana noho ny fisian'ny fifanarahana eo amin'ny fanjakana sy ny fampiasam-bola mamokatra. |
23 | This alliance should take out of the political game these non-governmental organizations that receive and administer money coming from countries which, let's face it, are the first to threaten the environment and biodiversity of many nations in the world. | Io fifanarahana io dia tokony tsy idiran'ny lalao politika ireo fikambanana tsy miankina amin'ny governemanta (ONG) izay mandray sy mitantana ny vola avy any amin'ireo firenena izay, ‘ndao atrehana io, no voalohany hanimba ny tontolo iainana sy ny zava-mananaina isan-karazany amin'ny firenena maro eran-tany. |
24 | He then reiterates what he argues should be the role of the State: | Naveriny indray fa tokony ho andraikitry ny Fanjakana io noresahiny io : |
25 | The State should set an immediate goal to revise laws regulating farming and forestry, in order to root out these “limosine liberal” environmentalists, and stop being passive spectators to the aggressive actions they take. | Tokony hametraka tanjona malaky ny Fanjakana mba handinihina indray ny lalàna mifehy ny fambolena sy ny ala, mba ho famongorana hatramin'ny fakany ireto mpandinika ny tontolo iainana “malalaka tsy fantampantatra” ireto, ary tsy ho mpitazana fotsiny amin'ny fihetsika mahery ataony. |
26 | Let's find some common ground so we can avoid rural people, tired of so many promises of change, ending up setting the prairies on fire and bringing back to the collective memory the fateful events of Cajamarca, Espinar, Madre de Dios and Bagua. | ‘Ndao hitady marimaritra iraisana mba hialàna amin'ny fandoroan'ny tantsaha, izay efa leon'ny fampanantenana ho amin'ny fanovàna, ireo saha ka hampitadidy amin'ny besinimaro ny zava-nitranga tany Cajamarca, Espinar, Madre de Dios ary Bagua. |
27 | Is that what we want? | Izay ve no tadiavintsika ? |
28 | Instead of silly protests and shrill cries, let's applaud for palm oil, which will be like applauding for Loreto. | Tsy aleo ve manohana ny fambolena voanio fakana menaka, tahaka ny manohana an'i Loreto, toy izay manao fihetsiketsehana fanoherana sy kiakiaka mankarenin-tsofina. |
29 | By way of response, the aforementioned research biologist José Álvarez, published [es] another article entitled “Chronic Underdevelopmentalism” where he argues the following: | Ho setrin'izany, namoaka lahatsoratra iray mitondra ny lohateny hoe : ” Ny tsy fandrosoana mitarazoka ” ny mpandinika ny zava-mananaina mpikaroka voalaza etsy ambony José Álvarez, izay hamelabelarany izao hevitra izao : |
30 | They talk of conservationists who have spent tens of millions in projects financed by baleful foreigners who are trying to stop the development of our region. | Lazain-dry zareo ny amin'ny mpikajy ny tontolo iainana mandany ampolony tapitrisa maro vatsian'ireo vahiny mampalahelo izay mitady ny hanakana ny fampandrosoana ny faritra misy antsika. |
31 | However, just in the 30 years I've lived on this land, I know that the promoters of the failed model of extractive agricultural development, who we will call “underdevelopers”, have not spent tens of millions but billions of soles [Peruvian currency]: […] failed agricultural projects, salaries for staff and consultants, unproductive agricultural infrastructure (cassava flour mills, rice mills, milk factories, bottling of palm, etc.) […] The big question: Did anyone prevent them during those years from promoting agriculture and livestock in the forest, without restrictions, in the communities of Loreto? | Na izany aza, nandritra ny 30 taona nonenako tamin'ity tany ity, dia fantatro fa ireo mpandrisika ity maodelim-pitrandrahana ara-pambolena izay antsoinay hoe ” mpampihemotra”, ity dia tsy mba nandany am-polony tapitrisa fa miliara soles mihitsy : […] tetikasam-pambolena tsy nahomby, karaman'ny ekipa sy ny mpanolo-tsaina, foto-drafitrasa ara-pambolena tsy mamokatra ( fitotoana mangahazo, fitotoam-bary, orinasan-dronono, fametrahana an-tavoahangy ny menaka voanio,sns…) […] Izao ny fanontaniana goavana : Nosakanana ve izy ireo nandritra izay taona maro izay tamin'ny fampiroboroboana ny fambolena sy ny fiompiana tao amin'ny ala , tsy an-kanavaka, tao amin'ny fiaraha-monina tao Loreto ? |
32 | No. | Tsia. |
33 | He adds: | Dia ampiany: |
34 | But their ineptitude was not free: thanks to these budgets and projects, “underdevelopers” have filled their pockets with commissions, travel expenses, bribes, records, consulting, advisories, cushy bureaucratic positions, feasibility studies, business plans, investment plans, blueprints, projects and per diems, without coastal or indigenous peoples having any improvement in their quality of life; rather it has deteriorated. | Fa tsy maimaim-poana ireo hadalany ireo : fa noho ny teti-bola sy ny vinavinan'asa, ireo mpanohana ny “mpampihemotra” dia mameno ny paosiny amin'ny anjara kely, saran-dàlana, kolikoly, fandraketana, fanadihadiana, asam-birao, fanadihadiana fahafaha-manao, drafi-pandraharahana, drafi-pampiasam-bola, fanontana afisy, tetikasa sy karama isan'andro, nefa tsy manatsara akory ny fiainan'ny mponina amoron-drano na teratany ao ; fa vao mainka aza mampikororosy azy. |
35 | But businessmen continue to be very interested [es] in the business opportunities presented by the 620,000 hectares (approx. 1.5 million acres) in the Loreto region, which according to the Minister of Agriculture are available for planting, and they are doing outreach in this respect. | Fa ireo mpandraharaha dia tena liana amin'ny afera tany 620.000 hekitara ao amin'ny faritr'i Loreto, raha araka ny hevitry ny Minisiteran'ny fambolena dia azo ambolena,ary izy ireo no miandraikitra ny fampiroboroboana an'izany. |
36 | Moreover, academics and researchers continue to provide data and studies [es] about the dangers of palm oil cultivation for the fragile Amazon ecosystem. | Ankoatra izay,ireo eny amin'ny sekoly ambony sy ny mpikaroka dia manohy manome angon-drakitra sy mandinika [es] ny momba ny loza ateraky ny fambolena voanio fakana menaka amin'ny rafitry ny tontolo marefo Amazoniana. |
37 | They claim that companies are even promoting the consideration of palm oil plantations as a reforestation activity, as well as the government incentives given to that crop. | Lazain-dry zareo aza fa anatin'ny fambolen-kazo ny fambolena voanio fakana menaka mba hakana vola azo avy ny amin'ny governemanta amin'ny fanaovana izany. |
38 | Even President Ollanta Humala in a recent press conference mentioned [es] an Amazon area, the Alto Huallaga, as a “potential for agribusiness, for coffee, for cocoa, for palm oil, for planting fruit trees.” | Na dia ny Filoha Ollanta Humala aza tamin'ny valan-dresaka ho an'ny mpanao gazety nataony vao haingana dia naka ohatra faritra iray ao Amazona, Alto Huallaga, ho toy ny ” otrik'harena amin'ny fandraharahana ara-pambolena, ho an'ny kafe, ny kakao, ny voanio fakana menaka, ny hazo fihinamboa.” |
39 | As can be seen, there is no clear consensus among the stakeholders involved about what the policy should be on these issues that affect everyone. | Araka ny hita, tsy misy fifanarahana mazava amin'ireo mpandray anjara momba ny politika amin'ireto olana izay mahakasika ny rehetra ireto. |
40 | On one side are those who promote large-scale investments and on the other, those who defend the environment. | Amin'ny lafiny iray, misy ireo mampiasa vola be , ary amin'ny lafiny hafa kosa ireo miaro ny tontolo iainana. |
41 | Compounding the problem is the fact that dialogue about the matter doesn't exactly abound, and neither does clear and transparent information that citizens need. | Mahasarotra ny olana ny havitsian'ny fifanakalozan-kevitra mahakasika io toe-javatra io ,ary tsy misy izay vaovao marina sy mazava ilain'ny mponina. |