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1 | Macedonia: Ten Steps for Running a Banana Republic | Masedonia: Dingana folo hitantanana repoblika fôpla |
2 | Kopach, a columnist for the independent portal Okno.mk, published a list [MKD] entitled “10 Ways to Run a Banana State.” | Kopach, mpanoratra matoandahatsoratra ho an'ilay vohikala tsy miankina Okno.mk, no namoaka lisitra iray [MKD] mitondra ny lohateny hoe “Fomba 10 hitantanana fitondràna anaty tanin'akondro.” |
3 | The author, whose pseudonym means “Digger” in Macedonian, wrote that he was inspired by and used the books Year 501: The Conquest Continues by Noam Chomsky and Homo Postcommunisticus by Mikloš Biro (a review in Serbian), and the essay Eternal Fascism by Umberto Eco. | Ilay mpanoratra mitondra ny solon'anarana midika hoe “Mpihady” amin'ny fiteny Masedoniana, dia nanoratra fa nahazo aingam-panahy sy nampiasa ireo boky Year 501: The Conquest Continues [taona 501: mitohy ny fananihana] nosoratan'i Noam Chomsky sy Homo Postcommunisticus [ny olona taorian'ny vanimpotoana nanjakan'ny komonisma] nosoratan'i Mikloš Biro ( misy famintinana amin'ny teny Serba), ary ilay andrana famoahankevitra Eternal Fascism nosoratan'i Umberto Eco. |
4 | The link to the list was widely distributed and discussed on Facebook and Twitter, and via other local media, such as coffee and beer. | Nifampizaràna toy ny kafe sy labiera ary niadiana hevitra maneran-tany ny rohy mankany amin'io lisitra io tao amin'ny Facebook sy Twitter, ary tamin'ny alalan'ireo haino aman-jery hafa tao an-toerana. |
5 | Step 1: Treat them as monkeys | Dingana 1: Karakarao ho toy ny gidro ny olona |
6 | The first and basic precondition in order to start any kind of discussion about running a banana state is to constantly make monkeys out of the citizens. | Ny fepetra voalohany sy fototra indrindra mialoha ny hanombohana adihevitra momba ny fitantanana fitondràna anaty tanin'akondro dia ny hampivoaka mandrakariva ny toetra maha-gidro avy amin'ireo olom-pirenena. |
7 | There are different ways to go about it, but in practice it all boils down to treating the people as incompetent, inert and passive rabble, until it becomes just that: passive and inert rabble, interested only in its own belly. | Maro ny fomba azo anaovana izany, fa matetika izany dia manodidina ny fandraisana ny olona ho vendrana, dondrona tsy manao na inona na inona fa mitazam-potsiny, mandra-pahatonga azy ireo ho izany tokoa: dondrona tsy manao na inona na inona fa mpitazam-potsiny, tsy mahalala afa-tsy ny hameno ny kibony ihany. |
8 | You have to put the masses in a corner and teach them that it is their place, making them pleased with that condition, because they are free of all social responsibilities. | Tokony apetrakao amina toerana iray ny vahoaka dia ampianarinao hoe eo no toerany, satria tafala tamin'ny andraikitra teo anivon'ny fiaraha-monina misy azy izy ireo. |
9 | Step 2: Determine the leaders | Dingana 2: Tondroy izay hitarika azy ireo |
10 | We know from history that even the Cossacks choose their leaders through democratic elections: the elders would elect a leader called Ataman at a plenary session (it sounds like a Hollywood movie, doesn't it?). | Fantatra tamin'ny tantara fa na dia ireo Cossacks aza dia mifidy izay hitarika azy amin'ny alalan'ny fifidianana demokratika: ireo zokiolona dia mifidy mpitarika antsoina hoe Ataman mandritra ny fivoriana an-kalamanjana (moa va tsy tahaka ny sarimihetsika avy any Hollywood e?). |
11 | This democratic legitimacy did not hinder the Ataman to practice his right to cut off the heads of members of his tribe as he saw fit during his reign. | Tsy manakana ny Ataman hampiasa ny zony hanapa-doha ireo mpiray tanàna aminy araka izay tiany atao mandritra ny fotoam-pitondrany izany fanendrena avy amin'ny fifidianana demokratika izany. |
12 | Similarly, in a banana state everything must revolve around the Leader, or the Leaders, because it is impossible to put everybody into one political tribe. | Toy izany koa, any amina fitondràna anaty tanin'akondro, tsy maintsy miainga avy amin'ny Mpitondra iray na maro daholo ny zava-drehetra, satria sarotra ny hametraka ny rehetra anaty vondrona politika iray. |
13 | The Leader is elevated above the others and demands awe. | Asandratra mihoatra noho ny hafa ary mila dokadokafana ny mpitondra. |
14 | Step 3: Destroy their self-confidence | Dingana 3: Simbao ny fitokisan-tenany |
15 | The masses must have no self-confidence, self-respect or opportunities for self-realization. | Tsy azo avela hanana fitokisan-tena, fanaja-tena na fotoana ahafahany mahavita zavatra ny sarambambem-bahoaka. |
16 | Simply put, they must not be able to do anything on their own. | Izao fotsiny ihany, tsy mahazo mahavita zavatra niainga avy tamin'ny tenany izy ireo. |
17 | Working at one's own initiative can lead to understanding that one can achieve something without the leaders, and realize one's own abilities. | Ny fiasan'ny olona iray ho an'ny tenany dia mety hitarika azy hahatakatra fa afaka manao zavatra tsy miankina amin'ireo mpitarika izy ireo, ary mahafantatra ny fahaiza-manaony manokana. |
18 | The masses must not develop self-respect in regard to the concept of determining their own fate through honest labor. | Tsy mahazo mampivelatra ny fananany fanaja-tena avy amin'ny fahafahany mitondra ny fiainany manokana amin'ny fanaovana asa mendrika ny sarambambem-bahoaka. |
19 | Everything, literally everything, must be given or delegated to the masses: jobs, awards, kick-backs, permits, concessions, tenders, and university degrees. | Ny zava-drehetra, ara-bakiteny mihitsy, dia tsy maintsy atolotra ny vahoaka: asa, valisoa, fandroahana, fanomezana alalana, tany hotrandrahana, karama, ary diplaoma any amin'ny anjerimanontolo. |
20 | There must be no exceptions in the distribution of societal benefits based on fair procedures or merit, outside of personal judgment and personal control of the Leaders. | Tsy mahazo asiana fanavahana mihitsy amin'ny fizarana ireo tombombarotry ny orinasa mifototra amin'ny fomba fiasa na fahamendrehana, ankoatra ny fitsaràna sy ny fizahana manokana ataon'ireo Mpitarika. |
21 | Step 4: Give them candy | Dingana 4: Tambatambazo vatomamy izy ireo |
22 | Part of this strategy for running a banana state is to refer to the masses as “gentlemen” (or brothers/sisters/comrades…) and at the same time to stuff them into a pen whenever you like. | Iray amin'ity tetika hitantanana fitondràna anaty tanin'akondro ity ny fandraisana ireo vahoaka ho tahaka ny “andriamatoa” (na rahalahy/rahavavy/sakaiza…) sady mitazona azy ireo tahaka ny penina raha tianao. |
23 | The approach of the rider that gives some sugar to his mount should be applied, to buy the obedience and affection. | Tokony ampiharina eto ny fanaon'ny mpitaingi-biby manome siramamy kely ny biby hotaingenany, mba hisintonana ny fankatoavan-dry zareo sy ny fitiavany. |
24 | Afterwards there are no questions regarding the actual riding and conducting. | Rehefa vita izay dia tsy misy intsony ny fanontaniana momba izay mitarika sy mitondra ankehitriny. |
25 | Step 5: Divide them | Dingana 5: Ampifandrafeso |
26 | The basic precondition to running a banana state is dividing the masses, weakening them by antagonizing them against each other. | Ny fepetra fototra amin'ny fitantanana fitondràna anaty tanin'akondro dia ny fampisaraham-bazana ireo vahoaka, mandemy azy ireo ny fampiadiana azy. |
27 | Another important benefit of this approach is the control of the masses' attention. | Tombony goavana iray hafa amin'ity fomba ity ny fitarihana ny fifantohan-tsain'ny vahoaka. |
28 | If you generate problems in the country in a conscious and planned manner, you gain several advantageous elements: | Raha hainao ny manangana olana ao amin'ny firenena sady voalaminao izany dia mahazo tombontsoa maro toy izao manaraka izao: |
29 | Step 6: Force grandiose ventures | Dingana 6: Tereo ireo fandraharahana goavana |
30 | In the past, the grandiose pharaohnic ventures had the goal to ensure eternity and permanent trace in the collective memory for the leaders. | Taloha ireo fandraharahana “goavambe na andaniambola be” dia nikendry ny hisian'ny tsiaro tsy mety maty any antsain'ny daholobe ho an'ny mpitondra. |
31 | Even though one should not underestimate the act of marking history with a personal stamp, an important dimension of grandiose ventures (projects, buildings, campaigns, events, construction, etc.) today is increasing the influx of means, money and other resources, and creating a range of opportunities to allocate them and distribute them as you see appropriate. | Na dia tsy tokony hambaniana aza ny mametraka tantara manokana manavaka ny tena, ny sehatra iray lehibe amin'ireo fandraharahana goavana (tetik'asa, tranobe, fanentanana, hetsika, fanorenana, sns. ) ankehitriny dia mampitombo ny fahaiza-manao, vola sy loharanon-karena hafa, ary ahafahana mampindrana sy mizara azy ireny araka izay heverinao fa mety. |
32 | Increased flow of resources makes it easier to direct them where you wish. | Manamora ny fitarihana azy ireny araka ny sitraponao ny fitobahan'ny loharanon-karena. |
33 | Alongside other effects, this dynamism of money enables you to estimate where, to whom and how much to give, attaching the recipients to you. | Ankoatra ireo vokatra hafa, izany fivezivezen'ny vola izany dia ahafahanao maminavina hoe aiza, ho an'iza ary ohatrinona no omena, arakaraka ireo mahazo tombombarotra aminao. |
34 | Two parallel processes are taking place here: | Fomba roa samihafa no mipetraka amin'izany: |
35 | Step 7: Spread fear in measured doses | Dingana 7: Ampariaho tsikelikely ny fampitahorana |
36 | In order to develop awe among the masses, you must gradually plant controlled doses of fear into them. | Mba hampisy ny fanajàn'ny sarambambem-bahoaka dia tsy maintsy mamboly tahotra tsikelikely ianao. |
37 | The way to do this is through selective presentation and propagation of fear-inducing scenes and events. | Ny fomba hanaovana izany dia amin'ny alalan'ny fisafidianana ny fanehoana sy ny fanaparitahana ireo seho sy hetsika mampatahotra. |
38 | The most frequent method to do this is showing how your opponents and unlike-minded individuals end up. | Ny fomba fanao tena mahazatra dia ny fanehoana ny niafaran'ireo mpanohitra anao sy tsy mitovy fisaina aminao. |
39 | A subtler method is excessive or overdosed use of force while dealing with small-fry opponents, criminals or suspects. | Ny tetika tena mahomby dia ny fampiasan-kery henjana dia henjana rehefa mifampitana amin'ireo mpanohitra mazandoha, mpanao ratsy ary ny olona mampiahiahy. |
40 | Demonstrate force on the weaker to achieve an effect of awe, combined with subconscious submission and passivity. | Mampiseho hery amin'ireo malemilemy sy osa mba hahatanteraka ny fankatoavana ao aminy, izay miharo fanaiken'ny eritreritra sy mahatonga tsy fanaovana na inona na inona. |
41 | Step 8: Force irrationality | Dingana 8: Tereo hisy ny fisaritahan-kevitra |
42 | The popular term for this is driving them mad. | Ny fomba fitenin'ny olona azy ity dia ny hoe manao izay hampahadala azy. |
43 | Embedding irrationality into public life has the function to push out rationality that should clarify reality. | Ny fanasaritahana ny fiainana andavanandron'ny olona dia mandroaka ny fahafaha-misaina izay mety hampivandravandra ny zavamisy. |
44 | The more the citizens drown in irrationality, affects, atavisms, instincts, and passions, the easier it gets for you, and the harder for them to come up with proper solutions, to differentiate the real from fiction, the existing from the imagined, truth from falsehood. | Arakaraka ny ilentehan'ny olona ao anatin'ny fisaritahan-kevitra, fironana, filendalendana, fahatsapàna, ary fankafizana tafahoatra, no mahamora ny fitondranao azy ireo, ary mahasarotra ho azy ireo ny fitadiavany vahaolana, hahafahany manavaka ny tena misy sy ny zavatra noforonina, ny zava-misy iainana sy ny noeritreretina, ny marina sy ny lainga. |
45 | You drive people mad by a simple performance of illogical acts, against reason, logic or realistic assessments. | Mahalasa adala ny olona ny fanaovana na filazana zavatra iray tsy mifanaraka amin'ny lojika, mifanohitra amin'ny fomba fieritreretana. |
46 | When irrationality becomes the principal norm instead of an exception, the games called manipulation may begin. | Rehefa ny fisaritahan-kevitra no lasa masontsivana ankapobe fa tsy miavaka intsony dia miandoha eo ny lalao antsoina hoe “fandrebirebena” na filalaovana olona. |
47 | Step 9: Determine and name the enemies | Dingana 9: Farito ary omeo anarana ny fahavalo |
48 | To maintain your position of untouchable and undeniable leader you must transform the fear into different forms and spread it in various places. | Mba hitazonana ny toeranao amin'ny maha-mpitarika tsy azo ibidibidiana anao ka tsy azo lavina ny maha-mpitarika anao dia tsy maintsy ataonao izay hampiaova ny tahotra ho lasa endrika samihafa sy ny fanapariahana azy amin'ny toerana samihafa. |
49 | One of the ways to do it is to directly and clearly name “enemies,” “traitors,” and “opponents,” who threaten with some unbelievable radical change, act or deeds which can turn your world upside down, and soil something that you hold dear and sacred. | Fomba iray azo hanaovana izany ny fanomezana anarana mivantana sy mazava ireo ho “fahavalo,” “mpamadika,” ary “mpanohariana,” izay ahiana hampisy fanovana tanteraka tsy mampino, ny fihetsika na asa izay afaka mamadika ny tontolonao ho ambony ambany, ary mandoto izay zava-tsarobidy sy masina aminao. |
50 | To become a superhero you need an antagonist: for every Batman there is a Joker, every Superman has his Lex Luthor, and every Martin Mystery has his “Man in Black” [not the Will Smith kind], and so on. | Mba hahalasa anao ho olo-mahery dia ilaina mba hisy ny mpifanandrina: ho an'izay Batman dia misy ny Joker, ny Superman rehetra manana ny Lex Luthor daholo, ary izay Martin Mystère dia manana “Lehilahy manao akanjo mainty” [tsy ilay mitovy amin'i Will Smith], sy ny sisa. |
51 | You need to combine this with forcing and circulating an atmosphere of conspiracy and angst through “spreading fear in doses” (7), making you the savior from the labeled enemies. | Mila mampifangaroharo ireo ianao amin'ny fanerena sy fanapariahana hisian'ny tontolo anjakan'ny tsikombakomba sy fahatezerana amin'ny alalan'ny “fanaparitahana tahotra voalanjalanja” (7), ka mahatonga anao ho mpamonjy amin'ireo tondroina ho fahavalo. |
52 | Step 10: Incite rituals | Dingana 10: Ampirisiho ny fombafomba |
53 | Rituals remain one of the most powerful practices of spontaneous spreading of the power from the top. | Ny fombafomba no iray amin'ireo paika mahery vaika indrindra amin'ny fanapariahana ny hery avy any antampony. |
54 | During the ex-Yugoslav era, the Communists perfected this through various rallies, youth work actions, relays, parades and the like. | Nandritra ny vanim-potoanan'ny Yogoslavia taloha no nanatsaran'ny Komonista azy ity tamin'ny alalan'ny fivoriana isan-karazany, hetsiky ny tanora, fifampitam-baovao, matso sy ny toy izany. |
55 | There are numerous ways how this can be passed in pluralistic societies: from politicization of religious rituals, various “bene-volent” actions, politicization of sports events, and other things along those lines. | Maro ireo fomba azo ampiharana ity any amina fiaraha-monina isan-karazany any: manomboka amin'ny fampidirana politika ao amin'ny fivavahana, asa an-tsitra-po isan-karazany, fampidirana politika amin'ireo hetsika ara-panatanjahan-tena, ary ireo zavatra hafa mifanaraka amin'izany. |
56 | Thumbnail source: banana by Jason Gulledge, published under Creative Commons-attribution 2.0 license. | Niavian'ny sarikely: akondro nalain'i Jason Gulledge, avoaka eo ambanin'ny fiarovana Creative Commons-attribution 2.0. |