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1 | Brazil: Report Reveals Unsustainable Practices of Biofuel Industry | Brezila: Tatitra Miampanga Ny Fomba Ratsy Fanao Tsy maharitra ataon'ireo Orinasa Mpamokatra Angovo Avy Amin'ny Zava-maniry |
2 | This post is part of our special coverage Indigenous Rights, Global Development 2011 and Forest Focus: Amazon. | Ity lahatsoratra ity dia ampahany amin'ny tatitra manokana ataonay momba ny Zon'ireo Zanatany sy ny Fijerena ifotony ny Ala: Amazôna. |
3 | Biofuel has been acclaimed as the best way out for the world's struggle for energy resources. | Ny solika avy amin'ny zava-maniry dia nohobiana ho ny fomba tsara indrindra hivoahan'ny tontolo amin'ny ady fikarohana loharanon'angovo. |
4 | It has also been pointed out as a ‘green' alternative which can reduce carbon emissions. | Nolazaina ihany koa fa ity no vahaolana “maitso” afaka mampidina ny fandefasana entona karbôna. |
5 | An analysis made by the NGO Reporter Brasil [pt], last May, of the Brazilian ethanol chain of production reveals however that biofuels can have a high socio-environmental cost: | Manambara anefa na izany aza ny fanadihadihana iray nataonà ONG Reporter Brazil (mitatitra momba an'i Brezila) [pt], ny volana May farany teo, momba ny sehqa-pamokarana alikaola (ethanol) Breziliana fa ny solika avy amin'ny zava-maniry dia mety ho vidiana lafo eo amin'ny ara-tsosialy sy tontolo iainana : |
6 | The study reports socio-environmental irregularities produced by groups such as Cosan (Join-venture with Shell), Greenergy International, São Martinho, Louis Dreyfus Commodities, Carlos Lyra, Copertrading, Moema/ Bunge e Noble and the destination of their ethanol. | Ny fandinihana dia mitatitra ny tsy fanarahan-dalàna amin'ny ara-tsosialy sy tontolo iainanana izay nataon'ireo vondrona toy ny Cosan (Join-venture miaraka amin'ny Shell), ny Greenergy International, São Martinho, Louis Dreyfus Commodities, Carlos Lyra, Copertrading, Moema/ Bunge e Noble sy izay mpandray ny ethanol-ndry zareo. |
7 | There are cases of slavery, excessive working hours, non-registered workers, illegal waste dumping, illegal burning and use of indigenous land for sugar-cane production. | Misy karazana fanandevozana, ny ora fiasàna tafahoatra loatra, tsy fanoratana ara-dalàna ny mpiasa, fandotoana tsy ara-dalàna ary fampiasana ny tanin'ireo zanatany ho an'ny famokarana fary. |
8 | The social cost of Brazil's biofuels expansion: The indigenous Guarani Kaoiwa community of Laranjeira Nhanderu were pushed off their land 14 months ago to make way for more sugarcane plantations. | Ny sanda ara-tsosialin'ny firoboroboan'ny famokarana solika avy amin'ny zava-maniry ao Brezila: voatosika niala ny tanin-dry zareo ny vondrom-piarahamonina Guarani Kaoiwa tao Laranjeira Nhanderu, 14 volana lasa izay mba hanome làlana ny fambolena fary misimisy kokoa. |
9 | Photo by Annabel Symington, copyright Demotix (21/10/10). | Sary avy amin'i Annabel Symington, copyright Demotix (21/10/10). |
10 | Dirty labor, dirty environment | Asa maloto, tontolo iainana maloto |
11 | According to Reporter Brasil, data released by the organization Comissão Pastoral da Terra (Pastoral Land Comission) [pt] highlights that 10,010 labourers were set free when working in sugar-cane plantations in Brazil between 2003 and 2010. | Araka ny Reporter Brasil, ny filazàna nataon'ny fikambanana Comissão Pastoral da Terra (Vaomieran'ny fanajariana ny tany) [pt] dia manasongadina fa mpiasa 10.010 nandevozina no nahazo fahafahana rehafa niasa tamin'ny fambolena fary tao Brezila teo anelanelan'ny taona 2003 sy 2010. |
12 | Available in English and Portuguese, the study does not dismiss the effort of the federal government and Sugarcane Industry Association (UNICA) to tackle those socio-environmental problems, but it reports that no policy has refrained companies caught using illegal practices to export ethanol. | Hita amin'ny teny Anglisy sy Pôrtogey, tsy adinon'ilay fanadihadiana ny ezaky ny governemanta federaly sy ny fivondronan'ny orinasa mpamokatra fary (UNICA) hisorohana ireo olana ara-tsosialy sy ara-tontolo iainana ireo, nefa mitatitra ihany koa izy ity fa tsy nisy fepetra napetraka ho an'ireo orinasa tratra tamin'ny fanondranana an-tsokosoko ny ethanol. |
13 | Cattle farming and sugar cane account together for 59% of the cases of slavery in Brazil between 2003 and 2010. | Ny fiompiana sy ny fambolena fary mitambatra no manome ny 59% ny asa fananndevozana tao Brezila teo anelanelan'ny taona 2003 sy 2010.. |
14 | Reporter Brasil Report in English/pp.5 | Tatitry ny Reporter Brasil amin'ny teny Anglisy/pp.5 |
15 | The official blog of the Ibero American University Foundation (FUNIBER) indicates [pt] that: | Ny bilaogy ofisialin'ny Fikambanana Anjerimanontolo Ibero Amerikana (FUNIBER) dia manambara [pt] fa: |
16 | If the intention was to obtain cleaner fuels, we're making mistakes at some level of the chain of production, as forests are slashed and burned in the process to make way for a variety of monocultures that can be exploited in the biofuel industry. | Raha ny hahazo solika madio no tao an'eritreritra, manao hadisoana isika tamin'ny ambaratonga sasany amin'ny tandavam-pamokarana, noho ny ala notapahana sy nodorana hanaovana ireo karazam-pambolena tokan-karazana izay afaka trandrahana any amin'ny orinasan-tsolika avy amin'ny zava-maniry. |
17 | The cutting and burning increases CO2 emissions, including a greater amount than that produced by automobiles. | Ny fanapahana sy ny fandoroana dia mampitombo ny fihanaky ny CO2, betsaka noho izay vokarin'ny fiarakodia. |
18 | Another issue raised on the biofuel production is that it can compromise water quality and undermine the agrarian reform which is still to be accomplished in the country. | Olana hafa ateraky ny famokarana solika avy amin'ny zava-maniry dia izy mety manimba ny fahatsaran'ny rano sy mikiky mangiana ny fanavaozana ny fizakan-tany izay tena mbola tokony hatao ao amin'ny firenena. |
19 | The article ‘Monopólio da Terra e os Direitos Humanos no Brasil' (Land Monopoly and Human Rights in Brazil) [pt] written by the Director of the Network for Social Justice and Human Rights, Maria Luisa Mendonça, points out: | Ny lahatsoratra ‘Monopólio da Terra e os Direitos Humanos no Brasil' (Fibodoana ny Tany sy Zon'olombelona ao Brezila) [pt] nosoratan'ny talen'ny Network for Social Justice and Human Rights (Tambajotra ho an'ny Rariny Ara-Tsosialy sy ny Zon'Olombelona), Maria Luisa Mendonça, dia mampahatsiahy hoe: |
20 | Most of sugar-cane plantation in Brazil is still located in the State of São Paulo where 60% of the harvest is made by machine. | Ny ankamaron'ireo toeram-pambolena fary dia mbola ao amin'ny faritanin'i São Paulo izay ny 60% ny fijinjana dia atao amin'ny milina avokoa. |
21 | This has not prevented, however, the pre-harvest burning process. | Na izany aza, tsy nisy nahasakana ny tavy (fandoroana) alohan'ny fijinjàna izany. |
22 | Flickr: Royal Olive (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0). | Flickr: Royal Olive (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0). |
23 | (…) According to a study run by the National Academies Press the quality of rivers, coastlines and springs may be impacted by the increasing use of fertilizers and pesticides used in biofuel production. (…) | (…) Araka ny fanadihadiana nataon'ny National Academies Press (Akademiam-Pirenen'ny Fanaovan-gazety) dia mety ho tohina amin'ny fitomboan'ny fampiasana zezika sy famonoana bibikely any amin'ny famokarana solika azo amin'ny zava-maniry ny hatsaran'ireo renirano, morontsiraka sy ny loharano(…) |
24 | The government has chosen the Cerrado as a target for the expansion of ethanol sugar-cane production. | Nisafidy ny Cerrado ho toy ny tanjona amin'ny fanapariahana voly fary ho amin'ny famokarana alikaola “ethanol” ny governemanta. |
25 | The Cerrado is known as the “father of waters” because it supplies the main basins of the country. | Ny Cerrado dia fantatra ho toy ny “rain'ny rano” satria izy no mamatsy rano ireo farihy maro ao amin'ny firenena. |
26 | (…) The advance of soy and sugar-cane monocultures has threatened this biome, which may disappear entirely in some years, if the current rate of destruction continues, killing some of the major rivers of the country. | (…) Ny fandrosoan'ny fambolena soja sy fary fotsiny dia loza mitatao ho an'io voary mampiavaka azy io (biome), izay mety hanjavona afaka taona vitsy, raha mbola mitohy toy izao fihazakazaky ny fanimbàna, mamono ny ankamaroan'ireo renirano eto amin'ny firenena. |
27 | What future for land? | Ahoana ny hoavin'ny tany? |
28 | Felipe Amin Filomeno, on the blog Outras Palavras (Other Words), claims that ‘Brazil and Mercosul have started fighting for their lands' [pt] and argues that the rush for land due to the biofuel ‘fever' in Brazil and in other so called developing countries has put the price of land up, bringing about another problem as a consequence: the death of small farms run by families: | Felipe Amin Filomeno, ao amin'ny bilaogy Outras Palavras (Teny Hafa), dia manambara fa ‘Brazila sy Mercosul dia efa nanomboka niady ho an'ny taniny' [pt] ary manamafy fa ny fihazakazahana hiverina amin'ny tany noho ny ‘tazon' ny solika avy amin'ny zava-maniry ao Brezila sy any amin'ireo firenena lazaina fa an-dalam-pandrosoana dia nampisondrotra be ny vidin'ny tany, ary dia nitondra olana hafa vokatr'izany: ny fahafatesan'ireo fihariana madinika notantanin'ny fianakaviana : |
29 | While foreigners buy land that in most cases, will be used for monocultures for export, many nationals (including indigenous communities) still require access to land as a means of family subsistence. (…) | Raha mividy tany hanaovany fambolena tokana mitodika amin'ny voly fanondrana ireo vahiny, amin'ny ankapobeny, dia maro amin'ireo tompon-tany (isan'izany ireo vahoaka zanatany) no mbola mikatsaka ny hahazo tany fitaovana enti-mamelona fianakavianaa. ( |
30 | However, it is not only small farmers in Latin America and Africa who are facing problems arising from a wave of land acquisition in the world. | …) Kanefa, tsy ireo tantsaha madinika any Amerika Latina sy Afrika ihany no miatrika olana ateraky ny onjan'ny fividianana tany eto amin'izao tontolo izao. |
31 | As the biofuel industry expands, disputes over land to produce soybeans and sugar cane increase. | Raha miroborobo ny orinasan-tsolika avy amin'ny zava-maniry, mitombo koa ny disadisa momba ny tany hamokarana soja sy fary. |
32 | Major producers of soybeans in Brazil, for example, while they see the value of their properties increase, they also see their costs grow, especially those who rent land to produce. | Ireo mpamokatra vaventy ny soja any Brezila, ohatra, rehefa nahita ny fitomboan'ny fananan'izy ireo, dia nahita koa ny fitomboan'ny fandaniany, indrindra fa ireo izay manofa tany hamokarana. Tsy maintsy miady loharanon-karena amin'ireo vahiny ry zareo ankehitriny. |
33 | They will have to fight for national resources with foreigners. | Ity lahatsoratra ity dia ampahany amin'ny tatitra manokana ataonay momba ny Zon'ireo Zana-tany sy ny Fijerena ifotony ny Ala: Amazôna. |
34 | Previous Global Voices coverage: | Tatitra taloha tao amin'ny Global Voices: |
35 | This post was proofread by Kevin Rennie. | Ny lahatsoratra amin'ny teny Anglisy dia notsarain'i Kevin Rennie. |