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13 Ways the Russian Government Plans to Police the WebFomba 3 Kasain'ny Governemanta Rosiana Handaminana Ny Web
2Are Russian officials hoping to gain full access to social networking websites and online services?Manantena ny ho tafiditra manontolo amin'ny tambajotra sosialy sy ny tolo-draharaha an-tserasera ve ny manampahefana rosiana?
3Images mixed by author.Saru namboarin'ny mpanoratra.
4A new Russian law will go into effect on August 1, 2014, that requires a wide array of websites and online services to register formally with the government.Misy lalàna vaovao hihatra manomboka ny 1 Aogositra 2014 ho avy izao, izay mitaky amin'ny haba-tranonkala sy ny tolo-draharaha an-tserasera maro dia maro hisoratra anarana ho ara-dalàna amin'ny governemanta.
5Sites and applications that allow Internet users to communicate will be obligated to store the past six months of user-data on servers located inside Russia, making the information available to Russian law enforcement.Manana andraikitra hitahiry ny tahirin-kevitry (rakitra) ny mpiserasera nandritra ny enimbolana farany any amin'ireo lohamilina miorina ao Rosia ireo habaka sy fampiharana mamela ny mpiserasera hifandray amin'ny hafa, mba hahatonga ny rakitra ho azo jerena ho fampiharana ny lalàna rosiana.
6Several state agencies are now involved in drafting bylaws that will determine how officials actually enforce the new Internet laws.Maro ireo sampan-draharaham-panjakana no eo am-pandrafetana ny naotim-panjakana hamaritana ny fomba hampiharan'ny manampahefana tokoa ity lalàna vaovao momba ny aterineto ity.
7Four draft bylaws are making headlines in Russian newspapers today.Ireo naotim-panjakana efatra no lasa lohateniny gazety rosiana androany.
8Additionally, the Web portal Habrahabr.ru has posted the documents' full text.Ankoatra izany, namoaka ny lahatsoratra iray manontolo ny vavahadin-tserasera Habrahabr.ru
9The proposed bylaws contain three main points:Ahitana teboka telo lehibe ireo naoty ireo:
101. In a world without Tron, nobody fights for the users in Russia.1. Ao amin'izao tontolo izao tsy misy Tron, tsy misy miady ho an'ny mpiserasera any Rosia.
11Websites and applications will be required to archive virtually every kind of information about their users (logins, email addresses, contacts lists, all changes to a user's account, a list of all accessed DNS servers, and so on).Takiana hitahiry ny karazana votoaty rehetra momba ny mpisera ao aminy (tenimiafina, adiresy mailaka, lisitry ny mpifanerasera, izay fiovana rehetra ao amin'ny kaontin'ilay mpiserasera, lisitry ny lohamilina DNS rehetra nidirana, sns…) ireo Haba-tranonkala sy ireo fampiharana.
12The actual content of the messages exchanged online, however, does not need to be archived.Na izany aza dia tsy mila tehirizina ireo votoantin-kafatra ifanakalozana an-tserasera.
13(If you write “Down with Putin!” to your Facebook friend, Russian police would only see that you messaged your Facebook friend-not that you cursed the Kremlin.)(Raha manoratra amin'ny namanao ao amin'ny Facebook ianao hoe “Miala i Putin!”, ny hitan'ny polisy rosiana dia hoe nandefa hafatra tamin'ny namanao ao amin'ny Facebook ianao - fa tsy hitany ny ompa ataonao amin'i Kremlin.)
142. The Kremlin is careful to let sleeping dogs lie.2. Mitandrina i Kremlin ka avelany hatory ny alika.
15Sites and services that exist for “personal, family, or household needs” are exempt from the law, though this exception does not apply to the exchange of information of a “public-political nature” or to conversations where the number of participants is indefinite.Ny habaka na tolo-draharaha miorina noho ny “filàna manokana, ara-pianakaviana na ny ao an-tokantrano dia tsy ahàtra aminy ny lalàna, na dia tsy ampiharana izany fanavahana izany aza ny fifanakalozam-baovao manana endrika “politika na resaham-bahoaka” na ireo resaka tsy voafetra ny isan'ny mpandray anjara ao aminy.
16Online commerce, scientific and educational activity, and things like job searches are also exempt.Tsy ampiharana ny lalàna ihany koa ny varotra an-tserasera, ny raharaha siantifika sy fanabeazana, ary ny zavatra tahaka ny fitadiavan'asa.
17TJournal's Sultan Suleimanov has joked that these exceptions are “for everyone except Navalny” (the country's most prominent anti-corruption blogger), observing that Russian authorities are being cautious not to disturb apolitical Internet users.Nananihany tamin'ireo maningana rehetra ireo i Sultan Suleimanov ao amin'ny TJournal fa ireo tranga mannigana rehetra ireo dia “ho an'ny rehetra ankoatra an'i Navalny” (ilay blaogera miady amin'ny kolikoly malaza indrindra ao amin'ny firenena), mahatsikaritra fa lasa mitandrina ny manampahefana rosiana tsy hanelingelina ireo mpisera aterineto tsy miresaka politika.
183. An opt-out loophole could grant the Russian government total access to websites' data.3. Misy “fivakisana” ahafahan'ny governemanta miditra tanteraka amin'ny votoatin-tranonkala.
19Finally, the Russian Federal Security Service (the equivalent of the American FBI) will offer websites and applications the opportunity to opt out of the data-archiving requirement, if they grant the government full, real-time access to their data.Farany, hanolotra fahafahana miala amin'ny tinakim-pitahirizana tahirinkevitra (votoaty) amin'ny haba-tanonkala sy ny fampiharana ny Sampan-draharaham-Piarovana Federaly Rosiana (ilay mitovy amin'ny FBI Amerikana), raha avela mitsofoka tanteraka, eo noho eo, amin'ny tahirin-kevitr'izy ireo ny governemanta.
20In this case, Russian police would obtain unrestricted access to Internet users' data, which officials would themselves archive.Amin'izay fotoana izao, dia tafiditra tsy misy sakatsakana amin'ny tahirin-kevitry ny mpisera aterineto ny polisy rosiana, ka ny manampahefana no hitahiry azy.
21According to a source inside the Interior Ministry, the state now lacks the resources necessary to archive much data itself.Araka ny loharanom-baovao ao anatin'ny Minisiteran'ny Atitany, tsy manana ny fitaovana ampy hitahirizana ireo angona (tahirin-kevitra) ireo ny fanjakana.
22(In other words, additional funding would be required.)(Raha lazaina amin'ny teny hafa dia mila ampiana ny famatsiam-bola.)
23It is this third point that could prove the most curious in the enforcement of Russia's new Internet regulations.Ity teboka fahatelo ity no mety hanaporofo ny mampanitikitika ny loha indrindra eo amin'ny fampiharana ny lalàna vaovaon'ny aterineto rosiana.
24How many websites and applications will decide to open entirely to the government, to spare themselves the trouble and expense of selecting and storing user-data according to the new laws?Firy ny haba-tranonkala sy fampiharana hanapa-kevitra ny hisokatra manontolo amin'ny governemanta, mba hialan'izy ireo amin'ny fanelingelenana sy ny fifantenana sy fitehirizana ny tahirin-kevitry ny mpiserasera araka ny lalàna vaovao?
25Is the Kremlin betting that it can gain full access to the RuNet by offering this loophole?Mitsatoka ve i Kremlin fa ho afa-miditra tanteraka ao amin'ny RuNet amin'ny fanomezana io “fivakisana” io?
26Or is this a ploy by federal police to bleed the state budget of more funding, creating the need for subsidies to be plundered?Sa fikafika ataon'ny polisy federaly hitsihifana ny tetibolam-panjakana mba hahazoana famatsiam-bola fanampiny, mamorina filàna vaovao handrobàna?
27Of course, corruption and censorship are not mutually exclusive.Mazava loatra fa tsy voatery tsy misy ifampidirany ny kolikoly sy ny sivanae.
28That much we know from Alexey Navalny, who, having spent the past three months under house arrest and a ban on Internet use, learned it the hard way.Fantatsika izao i Alexey Navalny, izay, nandany ny telovolana farany tsy mahazo mivoaka ny trano nametrahana azy sy voarara tsy hahazo hiserasera amin'ny aterineto, fa nahazo izany tao anatin'ny mafaika.