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1 | Is Turkey Turning Time Back Towards the Dreaded Nineties? | Mamerina Ny Fotoana Any Amin'ny Taona Sivifolo Nikohizana Ve i Torkia? |
2 | On August 19, 2015. | Ny 19 Aogositra 2015. |
3 | Women protesters shout slogans as they hold pans during an anti-war protest in Istanbul, Turkey. | Ireo vehivavy manao hetsi-panoherana tao Istanbul, Torkia, mihiaka teny faneva sady mitazona takelaka mandritra ny hetsika manohitra ny ady. |
4 | The demonstration came on a day that saw gunmen fire on police outside an Istanbul palace and a bomb in the southeast of the country that was thought to have killed eight soldiers. | Nanao fifamoriana manohitra ny ady tao afovoan'i Istanbul ireo mpanao hetsi-panoherana. Hetsi-panoherana natao tamin'ny andro nisian'ny lehilahy mitam-basy nitifitra polisy teo ivelan'ny Lapan'i Istanbul, ary baomba tany atsimo atsinanan'ny firenena, izay noeritreretina ho nahafaty miaramila miisa valo. |
5 | Demotix image by Avni Kantan. | Sary Demotix avy tamin'i Avni Kantan. |
6 | ID: 8349345. | ID: 8349345. |
7 | As a person who was born at a time when the conflict between the Kurdish Workers' Party (PKK) and the Turkish military first exploded, I witnessed death and attacks every day on television and in the newspapers during my childhood. | Amin'ny maha-olona teraka tamin'ny fotoana izay nipoahan'ny fifandirana voalohany teo amin'ny Antokon'ny Mpiasan'i Kurdistan (PKK) sy ny miaramila Tiorka ahy, nahita maso ny fahafatesana sy ireo fanafihana isan'andro tamin'ny fahitalavitra sy ireo gazety an-tsoratra aho nandritra ny fahazazako. |
8 | My family became closely acquainted with the sorrow of the conflict when my soldier cousin was killed 20 years ago in the eastern city of Muş - always branded a ‘dangerous' area. | Lasa nifankahafantatra akaiky tamin'ny alahelon'ilay fifandirana ny fianakaviako rehefa nisy namono ny havako miaramila, 20 taona lasa izay, tany amin'ny tanàna andrefann'i Mus - mbola marihana ho faritra ‘mampidi-doza' hatramin'izao. |
9 | Since the general election on June 7, Turkey has entered a vicious cycle of violence echoing the conflict of the 80s and 90s. | Hatry ny fifidianana solombavambahoaka ny 7 Jona, niditra tao anatin'ny herisetra miverimberina i Torkia, izay akon'ny fifandrirana niseho ny taona 80 sy 90. |
10 | The Justice and Development Party (AKP) government invested significant political capital in the peace process with the PKK to solve the Kurdish issue: attacks between the PKK and the Turkish army stopped following a ceasefire in 2013. | Nampiasa renivola ara-politika goavana ihany ny governemantan'ny Antoko Rariny sy Fampandrosoana (AKP), tamin'ny fizotry ny fampihavanana miaraka amin'ny PKK, mba hamahàna ny olan'i Kiorda: nitsahatra taorian'ny fampitsaharana ny fifampitifirana ny taona 2013 ny fahafihana nisy teo amin'ny PKK sy ny miaramila Tiorka. |
11 | During the March 2013 Newroz (Kurdish New Year) rally in Diyarbakır, Abdullah Öcalan, the leader of the PKK movement, called for PKK armed forces to draw back to the Turkish border through a letter he sent from jail. | Nandritra ny famoriana olona ny Newroz (Taom-baovaon'ny Kiorda) ny volana Martsa 2013 tany Diyarbakir, niantso ireo hery mitam-basy an'i PKK, i Abdullah Öcalan, filohan'ny hetsika PKK, mba hisintaka ny sisintany Tiorka, tamin'ny alalan'ny taratasy nalefany avy tany am-ponja. |
12 | The peace process was perhaps the most important achievement of AKP's single party rule dating back to 2002. | Mety ilay fizotry ny fampihavanana no zavatra lehibe indrindra vita tamin'ny fitondran'ny antoko AKP izay nitondra irery teo hatry ny taona 2002. |
13 | It formed the basis for political stability and foreign investment. | Io no fototra ho an'ny fitoniana ara-politika sy ny fampiasam-bolan'ny vahiny. |
14 | The economy went from strength to strength, symbolized by the appreciation of the Turkish lira and social welfare approaching European levels. | Nihanatanjaka hatrany ny toekarena, niseho tamin'ny fahatsaran'ny sandam-bola livre Tiorka izany, ary ny fiahiana ara-tsosialy manakaiky ny an'ny Eorôpeana. |
15 | Unfortunately, current Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan sabotaged his own greatest achievements in the build-up to and aftermath of the 2015 General Election. | Indrisy, nosomparan'ny Filoham-pirenena Tiorka ankehitriny, Recep Tayyip Erdogan, ny hany zava-bitany lehibe indrindra, tamin'ny fanandratana ho any sy ny taorian'ny Fifidianana Solombavambahoaka ny taona 2015. |
16 | His increasing authoritarian streak has helped him alienate supporters among the Kurdish population. | Nanampy azy hampitahotra ireo mpanohana tao anatin'ny vahoaka Kiorda ny fitomboan'ny fanaovany jadona. |
17 | Despite the president's position being constitutionally non-partisan, he has used it to boost support for AKP. | Na noferan'ny lalàmpanorenana tsy hitanila aza ny toerany maha-filoha azy, nampiasaina ihany io mba hampitomboana ny fanohanany ny AKP. |
18 | Moreover, in March he said “they keep talking about a Kurdish problem. | Fanampin'izany, nilaza izao izy tamin'ny Martsa “tsy mitsahatra ny miresaka ny olan'i Kiorda izy ireo. |
19 | What are you talking about, brother? | Inona izany resahanareo izany, ry rahalahy? |
20 | What Kurdish problem?” | Olan'i Kiorda inona?” |
21 | Selahattin Demirtaş, the leader of the left-leaning pro-Kurdish Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) labelled the comments “pre-election attractions”. | Nanao ireo fanehoankevitra ho “fanintonana mialoha ny fifidianana”, i Selahattin Demirtas, filohan'ny Antoko Demokraty (HDP) an'ny havia, mpomba ny Kiorda. |
22 | HDP, in turn, came under repeated fire from senior AKP figures as support for their political platform grew. | HDP, teo ankilany, niverina niharan'ireo tifitra niverimberina avy tamin'ireo olo-malaza zokiny ao amin'ny AKP raha toa ka nitombo kosa ny fanohanana ny sehatra ara-politikan-dry zareo. |
23 | Deputy Prime Minister Yalçın Akdoğan, who had once accommodated HDP as a partner at the negotiating table, now claimed their increasing popularity was a threat to the very peace process the two parties were a part of. | Nitaraina ny Praiministra lefitra Yalçin Akdogan, izay nandray ny HDP sahala amin'ny mpiara-miombona antoka tamin'ny fifanarahana an-databatra, fa lasa rahona ho an'ny fizotran'ny fampihavanana nilamina tsara izay nandraisan'ireo antoko roa anjara ny fitomboan'ny lazàn-dry zareo. |
24 | Despite more than 100 attacks against HDP rallies or offices during the election campaign, the party managed to break the 10% threshold to gain seats in parliament. | Na teo aza ireo fanafihana maherin'ny 100 natao an'ireo famoriana olon'ny HDP na ireo birao, nandritra ny fampielezan-kevitra tamin'ny fifidianana, vitan'ilay antoko ny namaky ilay taha ambany indrindra takiana, izany hoe 10%, afaka ahazoana toerana ao amin'ny antenimiera. |
25 | This resulted in the collapse of the AKP parliamentary majority, which in turn cast Erdoğan's plan to change the Turkish constitution to a presidential system of government via super-majority under huge doubt. | Niafara tamin'ny firodanan'ny AKP maro an'isa tao amin'ny antenimiera izany, izay nanimba ny drafitr'i Erdogan saika hanova ny lalampanorenana Tiorka ho amin'ny fomba fiasa mifototra bebe kokoa amin'ny rafitra governemanta fehezin'ny filoha, amin'ny alalan'ny fanjakan'ny maro an'isa indrindra, izay tena nampiahiahy be ihany. |
26 | Things start to fall apart | Manomboka rava tsikelikely ny zavatra rehetra |
27 | As Akdoğan projected, the peace process soon began to unravel. | Araka ny novinavinain'i Akdogan, tsy ela dia niparitaka ilay dingana ho fampihavanana. |
28 | The first incident was a suicide bomb attack in Suruç on July 20. The bomber was linked with ISIS and killed 34 people, wounding more than 100. | Ny fanafihana fanapoahana baomba tao Suruç ny 20 Jolay no zavatra ratsy nitranga voalohany. Nisy ifandraisany tamin'ny ISIS ilay fanapoahana baomba ary namono olona niisa 34, nandratra olona maherin'ny 100. |
29 | The attack targeted members of socialist youth groups who were in Suruç to plan the reconstruction of Kobani, the Kurdish-populated Syrian border town which had been under siege by ISIS. | Nikendry ireo mpikambana ao amin'ny vondrona tanora sosialista izay tao Suruç ilay fanafihana, izy ireo izay nanomana ny fanarenana an'i Kobani, ilay tanàna be mponina Kiorda any amin'ny sisintany Syriana izay nataon'i ISIS fahirano. |
30 | Two days after the attack, two policemen were found dead in their home in Ceylanpinar, another town on the Syrian border. | Roa andro taorian'ilay fanafihana, nisy polisy lehilahy roa hita maty tao an-tranon'izy ireo tany Ceylanpinar, tanàna iray any amin'ny sisintany Syriana. |
31 | The next day, another policeman died in an attack by the PKK in Diyarbakir on the same day ISIS fired on Turkish army forces in Kilis from the other side of the Syrian border, killing one soldier. | Ny andro nanaraka io, nisy polisy hafa indray maty tamin'ny fanafihan'ny PKK tany Diyarbakir, tamin'ny andro nitifiran'ny ISIS ireo miaramila mitam-basin'i Tiorkia tany Kilis, avy teny ampitan'ny sisintany Syriana, ka namono miaramila iray. |
32 | The deadly attacks that took place in the South-Eastern part of Turkey at the end of July led to the government's decision to begin an extensive military operation not only against ISIS but also the PKK. | Nahatonga ny fanapahan-kevitry ny governemanta ny hanomboka hetsika miaramila lehibe, tsy hoe manohitra ny ISIS fotsiny fa ny PKK ihany koa, ireo fanafihana mamono olona izay niseho tany amin'ny faritra Atsimo-Atsinanan'i Torkia ny faran'ny volana Jolay. |
33 | PM Davutoglu stated that “the operations that began today are not singular, they are part of a process.” | Nilaza ny PM Davutoglu fa “tsy mandeha irery ireo zavatra miseho ankehitriny fa ampahany anaty dingana iray mihitsy.” |
34 | However, so far the majority of the Turkish army's operation has targeted military sites linked to the PKK in Iraq. | Kanefa, hatreto ny ankamaroan'ireo hetsiky nataon'ny miaramila Tiorka no nikendry ireo toby miaramila mifandray amin'ny PKK any Iraka. |
35 | Every day, local agencies have reported clashes with Kurdish guerrillas and news of soldiers being martyred, attacks by the PKK on police stations and operations against PKK camps in Kandil. | Isanandro ireo masoivoho eny an-toerana, nitatitra fifandonana miaraka amin'ireo Kiorda mpiady anaty akàta sy ireo vaovaon'ireo miaramila lasa maritiora, ireo fanafihana ataon'ny PKK amin'ireo tobin'ny polisy ary ireo hetsika atao entina manohitra ireo tobin'ny PKK any Kandil. |
36 | Between July 20 and August 20, 140 people died throughout Turkey, mostly in Kurdish populated cities. | Tao anelanelan'ny 20 Jolay sy ny 20 Aogositra, olona miisa 140 no maty tao Torkia, indrindra tany amin'ireo tanàna be mponina Kiorda. |
37 | Among those who lost their lives, 55 were civilians, 32 were Kurdish guerrillas and 53 were soldiers or policemen. | Tao anatin'ireo namoy ny ainy, olon-tsotra ny 55, mpiady Kiorda ny 32 ary miramila na polisy ny 53. |
38 | On August 19, 2015 police cordon off the access to the iconic Dolmabahçe Palace in Istanbul, home to the prime minister's Istanbul offices, after a shootout with two armed men, believed to have been captured later in Taksim Square. | 19 Aogositra 2015 nofefen'ny polisy tady tsy ho afaka hidirana ny Lapa malazan'i Dolmabahçe ao Istanbul, trano misy ny biraon'ny praiminisitra ao Istanbul, taorian'ny fifampitifirana nifanaovana tamin'ireo lehilahy nitam-basy roa, ninoana ho voasambotra tany amin'ny Làlana Taksim avy eo. |
39 | Demotix image by Avni Kantan. | Sary Demotix avy tamin'i Avni Kantan. |
40 | ID: 8347856. | ID: 8347856. |
41 | While the attacks were reminiscent of the 90s, Turkish society has moved on. | Raha nampahatsiahy ny taona 90 ireo fanafihana, nisy fiovàna ny fiarahamonina Tiorka. |
42 | During the last two decades Kurds and Turks alike have realised that they want to live together peacefully and solve problems through dialogue. | Nandritra izay roapolo taona lasa izay, samy tonga saina ny Kiorda sy ny Tiorka hoe samy te-hiara-hiaina am-pilaminana izy ireo, ary hamaha ny olana amin'ny alalan'ny fifampiresahana. |
43 | ‘They should go and fight themselves' | ‘Tokony mandeha sy miady izy samy izy any ireo' |
44 | The renewed violence makes people feel their needs and demands for peace are being ignored by politicians in favour of parochial ambitions and the struggle for power. | Tsy raharahain'ireo mpanao politika miady seza sy fahefana ilay fiverenan'ny herisetra indray, izay mahatonga ireo vahoaka mahatsiaro ny filàny sy mitaky ny fandriampahalemana. |
45 | Against a backdrop of martyrs' funerals, a protest mood is growing. | Miha-mitombo ny fihetsika te-hitroatra, tamin'ny fotoana fandevenana ireo maritiora. |
46 | Recep Beycur was one of eight soldiers in the Turkish army who died following a PKK bombing in the town of Siirt. | Iray tamin'ireo miaramila Tiorka miisa valo maty tamin'ny fidarohana baomba nataon'ny PKK tao amin'ny tanànan'i Siirt i Recep Beycur. |
47 | He came from a Kurdish family like his friend Mehmet Halil Barkın who also died in the attack. | Avy amin'ny fianakaviana Kiorda izy, sahala amin'ilay namany Mehmet Halil Barkin izay maty tamin'ilay fanafihana ihany koa. |
48 | At his funeral one of his relatives accused Erdogan of responsibility for his death. | Tamin'ny fandevenana azy, niampanga an'i Erdogan ho tomponandraikitra tamin'ny fahafatesany ny iray amin'ireo havany. |
49 | Ömer Bilir said: “I sent my own brother and I get a corpse in return. | Nilaza izao i Ömer Bilir: “Nandefa ny rahalahiko aho ary ho valin'izany vatàna mangatsiako no azoko. |
50 | Let the President know. | Aleo ho fantatry ny Filoha tsara. |
51 | Does he have any idea how much I have suffered until this age? | Mety ho azony an-tsaina ve hoe toy ny ahoana ny fijaliako mandra-pahatonga tamin'izao taona izao? |
52 | Brother is made to fight brother. | Natao izay hiadian'ny samy mpirahalahy. |
53 | May God be angry with him, let the same thing befall his son. | Enga anie ho tezitra mafy aminy Andriamanitra, ho tratran'ny loza toy izao koa anie ny zanany lahy. |
54 | If it were his son is this how it would be? | Raha ny zanany io, ho toy izao ve no nitranga? |
55 | Let God not accept this.” | Aleo tsy hankasitraka izany Andriamanitra.” |
56 | The soldier's family did not allow the Turkish flag to be hung throughout the village or for a military funeral to be held. | Tsy namela ny saina Tiorka apetraka tamin'ny tanàna rehetra na amin'ny fandevenana miaramila vao hatao ny fianakavian'ilay miaramila. |
57 | Captain Ali Alkan died in a PKK attack on a police station in Şırnak. | Maty tamin'ny fanafihan'ny PKK ny tobin'ny polisy tany Sirnak ny Kapiteny Ali Alkan. |
58 | Alkan's brother, Lieutenant Colonel Mehmet Alkan, held the coffin while calling his brother's name: “Ali'm. | Nitazona ny vatam-paty ny rahalahin'i Alkan, ny Lietnà Kolonely Mehmet Alkan, sady niantso ny anaran'ny rahalahiny: “Ali'm. |
59 | Who is his murderer? | Iza no mpamono azy? |
60 | Who is the reason for this? | Iza no anton'izao? |
61 | What happened to the ones who were talking about a solution till yesterday now saying war till the end? | Inona no mitranga amin'ireo miresaka ny vahaolana hatry ny omaly ary milaza ny ady hatramin'ny farany androany? |
62 | They should go and fight themselves.” | Tokony mandeha sy miady izy samy izy any ireo. |
63 | Yet instead of trying to find a solution, politicians like Energy Minister Taner Yildiz have been fanning the flames of nationalism. | Kanefa, raha tokony mitady vahaolana, vao maika nanamafy ny afon'ny firaiketana amin'ny tanindrazana ireo mpanao politika toa an'i Taner Yildiz, Minisitry ny Angovo. |
64 | Yildiz said recently he wishes to become a martyr if God allows it - an unlikely possibility for a person who travels in bullet-proof cars and has a coterie of guards around him at any given moment. | Nilaza vao haingana i Yildiz hoe te-ho lasa maritiora izy raha sitrak'Andriamanitra - zavatra tsy ho tonga mihitsy ho an'ny olona mandeha amin'ny fiara tsy laitram-bala ary manana mpiambina maro manaraka azy isaky ny fotoana rehetra. |
65 | Prime Minister Davutoğlu also stated his readiness to die during a “Civil Initiative Against Terrorism” meeting organised by unions: “I hope God may not set the conditions for this nation to sacrifice martyrs again. | Nilaza ihany koa ny Praiminisitra Davutoglu fa vonona ny ho faty, nandritra ny “Hetsika Olon-tsotra miady amin'ny Fampihorohoroana”, fivoriana nokarakarain'ireo sendikà: “Manantena aho fa tsy hety hametraka fepetra ho an'ity firenena ity hanaovana sorona ny maritiora indray Andriamanitra. |
66 | But we know [we] are ready to sacrifice ourselves and our sons for this country, for this country's unity, for this nation's peace… All the world should be aware of this dedication.” | Kanefa fantatsika fa vonona [isika] ny hanome ny tenantsika sy ny zanantsika lahy ho maritiora ho an'ity firenena ity, ho an'ny firaisankinam-pirenena, ho an'ny fandriampahaleman'ity firenena ity… Tokony ho fantatry ny tany tontolo izany fanolorantena izany.” |
67 | Now, the conflict is moving from the country's political and economic periphery to its core. | Ankehitriny, lasa mikisaka any amin'ny resaka ara-politika sy ara-toekarena ary mankany amin'ny ivony mihitsy ilay fifandirana. |
68 | I was passing by Dolmabahce Palace to go to Taksim just half an hour before the palace was attacked August 19 by two members of the radical DHKP-C group, who targeted police standing guard with a hand grenade and guns. | Ny 19 Aogositra, nandalo teo amin'ny Lapa Dolmabahce aho mba handeha ho any Taksim, vao antsasak'adiny talohan'ny nanafihan'ny mpikambana roa avy amin'ny vondrona DHKP-C ny lapa, izay nikendry tamin'ny grenady sy basy ny polisy mpiambina izay nitsangana teo. |
69 | Because the policemen were standing inside bullet-proof glass guard rooms, nobody died. | Satria nitsangana tao anatin'ny efitra tsy laitram-bala fitoeran'ny mpiambina ireo polisy, tsy nisy ny maty. |
70 | People panicked as a helicopter hovered above Istiklal Street, Istanbul's most famous and overcrowded thoroughfare, because the Taksim region of Istanbul has experienced bomb attacks in the past. | Nisahotaka ireo olona noho ny angidimby nieloelo teny amin'ny Làlana Istiklal, ilay làlana malaza indrindra sy be olona indrindra ao Istanbul, satria efa niharana fanafihana baomba ihany koa taloha tao Taksim faritry Istanbul. |
71 | I checked Twitter to see what was going on and saw the news about the attack in Dolmabahce. | Niditra tao amin'ny Twitter aho mba hijery izay niseho ary nahita ny vaovao mikasika ilay fanafihana tao Dolmabahce. |
72 | I felt lucky - separated from the gunfire and grenade blasts by just 30 minutes - but also scared because attacks like this could happen anywhere. | Nahatsapa tena ho tsara vintana aho - tafasaraka 30 minitra monja tamin'ilay fifampitifirana sy fanapoahana grenady - kanefa natahotra ihany koa satria mety hiseho na aiza na aiza ny fanafihana toy izany. |
73 | I have been trying to be cautious and avoid crowded places like metro stations for the last month, but there are millions of people living in Istanbul and they cannot all avoid their daily lives. | Niezaka ny nitandrina hatrany aho ary tsy nandeha tamin'ireo toerana feno olona sahala amin'ny fiantsonan'ny fiarandalamby ambanin'ny tany, nandritra iny volana lasa iny, kanefa misy olona an-tapitrisany miaina ao Istanbul ary tsy ho afaka ny hiala amin'ny fanaony amin'ny andavanandrom-piainany daholo izy ireo. |
74 | Election time, again | Fotoanan'ny fifidianana, indray |
75 | As the leader of the country's biggest political party, Davutoğlu should have formed a coalition government after the June elections, but the AKP chose to pursue tactics to ensure early elections in which they hope to reclaim their parliamentary majority. | Taorian'ireo fifidianana ny volana Jiona, tokony nanangana ny governemanta iraisana i Davutoglu, amin'ny maha-filohan'ny antoko ara-politika lehibe indrindra eto amin'ny firenena, kanefa nisafidy ny hanohy ireo tetikadiny ny AKP mba hisian'ny fifidianana mialoha izay antenainy hahazoany indray ny fahamaroany an'isa ao amin'ny antenimiera. |
76 | They have had one part of their wish granted after talks on a coalition failed miserably and President Erdoğan called a snap election for November 1 on August 25. | Tanteraka amin'ny ampahany ny zavatra nilainy taorian'ny tsy fahombiazan'ny fifampiresahana momba ny fiaraha-mitantana, ary niantsoan'ny Filoha Erdogan tamin'ny 25 Aogositra ny hisian'ny fifidianana mialoha ny fotoana izay hatao ny 1 Novambra. |
77 | Ongoing security issues may play into AKP's hands and allowing them to attract the votes of nationalists, even if it is unlikely the party can win back enough support to allow Erdoğan to push through the constitutional reforms he craves. | Mety vao mainka hanampy ny drafitry ny AKP ny olan'ny fandriampahalemana misy ankehitriny, ary hamela azy ireo hanintona ny safidin'ireo mpandala ny fitiavan-tanindrazana, na dia kely ihany aza ny finoana hoe mety mbola hahazo fanohanana ampy tsara izy ireo ahafahan'i Erdogan mametraka ilay fanovàna lalampanorenana izay imatimatesany fatratra. |
78 | In the meantime, political instability will result in the budget being tipped towards military spending rather than investment in social welfare. | Miaraka amin'izany, hiteraka tsy fahamarinan-toerana ara-politika ny vola nampiasaina tamin'ny fandaniana ara-miaramila raha toa ka tokony nankany amin'ny fampiasam-bola tamin'ny fiarovana ara-tsosialy. |
79 | I cannot imagine that any of the politicians responsible for this mess will feel guilt for the tension and death on the horizon. | Tsy vitako saintsainina mihitsy hoe mety hahatsapa tena ho diso amin'ny toe-draharaha mafana sy ireo fahafatesana teto an-toerana sy ny manodidina ny iray amin'ireo mpanao politika tomponandraikitr'izao korontana sy fahasimbàna izao. Nanampy tamin'ny famoahana ny lahatsoratra i John Lubbock . |