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1 | You May Not Know It—But If You Speak Spanish, You Speak Some Arabic Too | Mety ho tsy fantatrao —raha miteny espaniola ianao dia mety miteny arabo sasantsasany ihany koa |
2 | The Alhambra fortress in Granada, Spain, was built by the Arabic-speaking Moors in the 13th century when they ruled parts of the Iberian peninsula. | Ny mandan'i Alhambra ao Granada, Espaina, naorin'ny Maoro miteny arabo tamin'ny taonjato faha-13 raha nanapaka tamin'ny faritra sasany tamin'ny saikasosy Iberiana izy ireo. |
3 | Photo by Jeanne Menj. | Saripikan'i Jeanne Menj. |
4 | CC BY-ND 2.0 | CC BY-ND 2.0 |
5 | This article and radio report by Joy Diaz for The World originally appeared on PRI.org on October 15, 2015, and is republished here as part of a content-sharing agreement. | Ity lahatsoratra ity sy ny tatitra amin'ny onjampeo nataon'i Joy Diaz ho an'ny The World nivoaka voalohany tao amin'ny PRI.org tamin'ny 15 oktobra 2015 ity dia nivoaka eto indray noho ny fifanarahana fifampizarana votoaty. |
6 | Rihab Massif, originally from Lebanon, was my daughter's preschool teacher in Austin. | Rihab Massif, izay avy any Libanona, dia mpampianatry ny akaninjaza ianaran'ny zanako vavy aoAustin. |
7 | As a little girl, Camila, my daughter, spoke mostly in Spanish. | Amin'ny maha mbola zazavavy kely azy dia miteny espaniola kokoa ny zanako vavy Camila. |
8 | And Massif remembers a day when Camila was frustrated because she couldn't remember a word in English. | Ary tsaroan'i Massif ny andro nahasorena an'i Camila noho ny tsy nahatsiarovany voambolana anglisy na dia iray aza. |
9 | Listen to this story on PRI.org » | Listen to this story on PRI.org » |
10 | “She was telling me about her camis,” Massif says. | “Nolazainy ahy ny camis-ny” hoy i Massif. |
11 | Camisa is the word in Spanish for “shirt,” and Massif understood it perfectly because camis means the same thing in Arabic. | Camisa dia voambolana espaniola milaza ny “akanjo,” ary takatr'i Massif tsara izany satria ny camis dia milaza io zavatra io ihany amin'ny teny arabo. |
12 | “And I was like ‘Oh! There are some words related to Arabic,'” she says. | “Ary izaho tamin'izany nanao hoe ‘Oh! misy teny vitsivitsy misy ifandraisany amin'ny teny arabo an,'” hoy izy. |
13 | To see just how many, Massif and I did an exercise. | Ijerena ny hamaroany dia nanao fampiasana izaho sy i Massif. |
14 | I'd say a word in Spanish, and she'd say it back in Arabic. | Hiteny voambolana amin'ny teny espaniola aho dia hamerina izany amin'ny teny arabo izy. |
15 | “Aceite?” | “Aceite?” |
16 | “We say ceit,” Massif says. | “Izahay manao hoe ceit,” hoy i Massif. |
17 | “Guitarra?” | “Guitarra?” |
18 | “We say guitar.” | “Izahay manao hoe guitar.” |
19 | Now that I am aware, it seems like I hear Arabic words everywhere. | Rehefa nahafantatra izany aho dia tahaka ny maheno voambolana arabo na aiza na aiza alehako. |
20 | Take, for instance, one of my favorite songs by Latin Grammy winner Juan Luis Guerra. | Raiso, ohatra, ny iray amin'ny hira tiako indrindra nataon'i Juan Luis Guerra nahazo ny Grammy Latinina. |
21 | “Ojalá Que Llueva Café” is peppered with words like café (coffee) and ojalá (God willing, or hopefully) - both of which come from Arabic. | “Ojalá Que Llueva Café” izao dia ahitana teny hoe café (coffee) sy ojalá (Sitrapon'Andriamanitra, na antenaina) - izay samy avy amin'ny teny arabo. |
22 | Or, take late salsa singer Celia Cruz's catchphrase, ¡Azucar!, meaning sugar, based on another Arabic word. | Na raiso ny fehezanteny manaitaitra nataon'ilay mpihira salsa Celia Cruz, ¡Azucar!, midika hoe sucre-sugar na siramamy avy amin'ny teny arabo hafa koa. |
23 | Linguist Victor Solis Parejo from the University of Barcelona in Spain says part of the language Spanish speakers use comes from a legacy of the Moorish influence. | Lazain'i Victor Solis Parejo, mpandinika ny teny avy amin'ny Oniversiten'i Barcelona ao Espaina fa misy ny sasantsasany amin'ireo mpiteny espaniola no nandray lovan-kolontsaina avy amin'ny Maoro. |
24 | “Moors” was the name used to refer to the Arabic-speaking group from North Africa that invaded what would become Spain back in the eighth century. | “Maoro” no anarana anondroana ireo vondrona mpiteny arabo ay ao Afrika Avaratra izay nananibohitra tamin'ny ho lasa Espaina tamin'ny taonjato fahavalo. |
25 | Their influence lasted about 700 years and is still visible today. | Naharitra 700 taona ny herim-pitaomany ary mbola hita mandraka ankehitriny. |
26 | “Especially if you travel [in the] south of Spain. | “Indrindra rehefa mandeha any atsimon'i Espaina ianao. |
27 | For example in Merida, in the city where I was born, we have the Alcazaba Arabe, an Arabic fortification,” Parejo says. | Ohatra amin'izany ny ao Merida, tanàna nahaterahako, manana Alcazaba Arabe, manda arabo, izahay ao,” hoy i Parejo says. |
28 | “So, you can see that in the cities nowadays, but you can also see that Islamic presence, that Arabic presence in the language.” | “Ka dia mahita izany ao amin'ny tanàna ianao amin'izao fotoana izao, saingy mbola afa-mahita ny fisiana Islamika, izany fisiana arabo izany ao amin'ny fiteny.” |
29 | And of course, that presence traveled to the Americas with the Spaniards. | Ary mazava loatra, niampita nankany amin'ny kaontinantan'i Amerika niaraka tamin'ny Espaniola izany fisiana izany. |
30 | About 4,000 Spanish words are believed to come directly from Arabic. | Tokotokony ho 4000 eo ho eo ny voambolana espaniola heverina ho ay amin'ny teny arabo mivantana. |
31 | That's why Maria Gutierrez, a Mexican aid worker with a non-profit in Jordan, says she carries a small notebook with her wherever she goes. | Izany no mahatonga an'i Maria Gutierrez, Meksikana mpiasa sosialy iray miaraka amin'ny fikambanana tsy mitady tombontsoa ao Jordana, nilaza fa mitondra karine kely izy any amin'izay toerana rehetra alehany. |
32 | “Yeah! | “Yeah! |
33 | I'm trying to track all those words. | Miezaka ny mitsongo ireny voambolana rehetra ireny aho. |
34 | It's like, ‘One more word!' | Tahaka ny hoe, ‘Teny iray hafa indray!' |
35 | At least every day I'll find a word, and I'll be like, ‘Oh, it's exactly the same as Spanish!' or, ‘It's very close to Spanish,'” she says. | Farafahakeliny aho mahita teny iray isan'andro, ary hoy aho hoe, ‘Oh, ary tena ilay amin'ny teny espaniola mihitsy!' na, ‘Tena mifanakaiky amin'ny teny espaniola mihitsy,'” hoy ravehivavy. |
36 | The sooner Gutierrez masters the language, the sooner she'll be effective with her aid work, and right now being able to speak Spanish is giving her a shortcut. | Arakaraka ny mahahaingana ny ifehezan'i Gutierrez ny fiteny, no mampahomby azy amin'ny asa ataony, ary amin'izao fotoana izao ny fahafahany miteny espaniola no manafaingana izany. |
37 | But why should this merger of Spanish and Arabic matter to Americans? | Nahoana no zava-dehibe ho an'ny Amerikana ity fifangaroan'ny teny Espaniola sy Arabo ity? |
38 | Well, the two most spoken languages in the United States are English and Spanish. | Eny, Anglisy sy Espaniola ny teny roa be mpiteny indrindra ao Etazonia. |
39 | So, some wonder what could happen to these languages as time goes by, including Parejo. | Ka manontany ny sasany hoe inona no mety hitranga amin'ireo teny ireo rehefa mandeha ny fotoana, anisan'izany i Victor Parejo. |
40 | “Languages are alive,” he says. | ” Velona ny teny”, hoy izy. |
41 | Languages adapt and borrow words from each other, especially those that live in close proximity. | Mifanaraka ireo fiteny ary mifampindrana voambolana, indrindra ireo monina mifanakaiky. |
42 | “I still remember when I first came to Texas,” Parejo says. | “Mbola tsaroako ny fahatongavako voalohany tao Texas,” hoy Parejo. |
43 | “I went to this restaurant with my wife and the waiter asked us, ‘Do you want to have dinner inside or do you want to go to the patio?' | “Nankany any amin'ity hotely ity niaraka tamin'ny vadiko aho ary nanontany anay ny mpampandroso sakafo hoe: ‘Hisakafo hariva ao anatiny sa handeha any amin'ny Patio ianareo?' |
44 | I [had] never heard that word in English.” | Mbola tsy nahare izany teny izany [patio] amin'ny teny Anglisy mihitsy aho.” |
45 | Patio is a Spanish word. | Teny espaniola ny Patio. |
46 | If the influence exists to the point that we often joke about the existence of “Spanglish,” imagine what Americans will be speaking in, say, 100 or 200 years when tens of millions more Spanish-speakers may be calling the US home. | Raha ny misy ny herim-pitaomana ary mbola mamazivazy matetika momba ny fisian'ny “Spanglish” [espaniola-anglisy] isika, alaivo sary an-tsaina izay teny horesahan'ny Amerikanina ao anatin'ny 100 na 200 taona, raha olona miteny Espaniola am-polony tapitrisany hafa no miantso an'i Etazonia ho fireneny. |