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1Belarus Tightens Grip on Internet With New Data Retention DecreeManamafy Ny Fifehezany Ny Aterineto Amin'ny Alalan'ny Didy Hitsivolana Vaovao i Belarosia
2Belarusian President Alyaksandr Lukashenka and his government are stepping up their crackdown on Internet freedom.Filoha Belarosiana Alyaksandr Lukashenka sy ny governemantany miroso amin'ny famoretan'izy ireo ny fahalalahan'ny aterineto.
3Images mixed by Tetyana Lokot.Sary namboarin'i Tetyana Lokot.
4As part of a government effort to combat drug trafficking, Internet service providers in Belarus will soon be required to store complete records of Internet users' browsing history.Ao anatin'ny ezaky ny governemanta hiady amin'ny trafikan-drongony, hotakiana amin'ireo mpamatsy tolotra aterineto ao Belarosia ihany koa ny hitehirizana ireo rakitsoratra feno misy ny tantaran'ny fiseraseran'ny mpisera aterineto .
5The new policy, issued by decree by the Ministry of Communications, comes into force on January 1, 2016.Hanan-kery manomboka amin'ny 1 Janoary 2016 ny politika vaovao navoakan'ny Minisiteran'ny Serasera ho didy hitsivolana .
6Though the “anti-drug” measures are ostensibly aimed at combatting illegal drug trafficking and distribution, some human rights defenders fear that the decree could be misused for political purposes.Na dia aharihary fa iadiana amin'ny trafikan-drongony sy ny fitsinjarana izany aza ilay fepetra “miady amin'ny zava-mahadomelina (anti-drug)”, dia matahotra ireo mpiaro ny zon'olombelona sasany fa mety ampiasaina noho ny antony ara-politika izany.
7Pavel Sapelka, a legal expert for the Viasna Human Rights Center, believes the authorities would not hesitate to abuse their powers to limit free speech online.Mihevitra i Pavel Sapelka, manam-pahaizana momba ny lalàna ao amin'ny Foiben'ny Zon'olombelona Viasna fa tsy hisalasala hanampatra ny fahefan'izy ireo hametra ny fahalalaham-pitenena antserasera ireo manampahefana.
8Unfortunately, the authorities are more concerned with the restriction of access to the websites which disseminate undesirable information.Indrisy, manahirana kokoa ny manampahefana ny famerana amin'ny fidirana amin'ny habaka mampiely vaovao tsy mety amin'izy ireo.
9Of course, if this norm works transparently, as it should, this will be a good thing, because we understand that [organized] crime and the tools it employs are only becoming more sophisticated.Mazava ho azy, raha miasa ao anatin'ny mangarahara ity fenitra ity, izay tokony ho izay no izy, dia ho tsara, satria fantatsika fa mihamanahiran-tsaina ny fikambanan-jiolahy sy ny fitaovana ampiasainy.
10However, if the authorities use combating illegal actions as a disguise for hindering the work of websites which promote certain political views, it will be regarded as another violation [of free speech].Na izany aza, raha ampiasain'ny manampahefana amin-javatra tsy ara-dalàna toy ny fanelingelenana ny asan'ny habaka mampiroborobo fijery ara-politika sasany izany, dia horaisina toy ny fanitsakitsahana [ny fahalalaham-pitenenanana] hafa koa izany.
11Under the new decree, ISPs will be obligated to store information about the time of connection to and disconnection from the Internet, as well as the amount of data sent and received.Amin'ny didy hitsivolana vaovao, voatery hitahiry torohay manondro ny fotoana nidirana aterineto sy ny nivoahana tamin'izany, ary ny isan'ny tahirin-kevitra nalefa sy voaray ny mpamatsy tolotra aterineto.
12Companies providing Internet services will also have to collect all Internet users' names, passport data (collected by ISPs when users sign service contracts), internal and external IPs, and MAC-addresses of their devices.Tsy maintsy manangona ny anarana, ny tahiry ara-pasipaoro (raisin'ny mpamatsy aterineto rehefa manasonia fifanekena tolotra ny mpiserasera), adiresy IP anatiny sy ivelany, sy ny adiresy MAC ny fitaovana ampiasain'ny mpiserasera ny orinasa mpamatsy tolotra aterineto.
13Service providers across the board will be required to retain this data for at least one year.Hotakiana amin'ireo mpamatsy tolotra isam-birao ihany koa ny hitazonana izany tahiry izany herintaona farafahakeliny.
14While this amount of time is not uncommon by global standards, the technical and legal particulars around collection remain murky.Na dia tsy vahiny amin'ny fenitra manerantany aza izany fe-potoana izany, dia mijanona ho manjavozavo ny fizotra ara-teknika sy araka ny lalàna manodidina ny fanangonana ireo tahirin-kevitra ireo.
15Moreover, this approach seems extremely general, given the relatively narrow stated goal of pursuing drug traffickers and users.Ankoatra izany, toa hita fa ambangovangony loatra ity fomba fiasa ity, raha jerena ny fifanakaikezan'ny fomba fanenjehana ireo mpanao trafikan-drongony sy mpiserasera.
16Legal restrictions associated with drug trafficking in Belarus have gotten worse, mainly because of “spice“-a new drug commercially known as synthetic marijuana.Niharatsy ny toe-draharaha araka ny lalàna amin'ny famerana ny trafikan-drongony ao Belarosia, indrindra noho ny “sakay” rongony vaovao fantatra ara-barotra ho ravin-drongony saintetika.
17It's relatively easy to find a recipe for cooking spice on the Internet, and that has contributed to the drug's popularity in Belarus, Russia, and other neighboring countries.Mora kokoa ny mahita sakafo avy amin'ny fahandroana sakay ao amin'ny aterineto, ary nampalaza ny zava-mahadomelina ao Belarosia, Rosia, sy ny firenena hafa manodidina izany.
18Since January 2014, spice has made up 70% of the illegal drug market in Belarus.Hatramin'ny Janoary 2014, nandrakotra ny 70%n'ny tsenan-drongony tsy ara-dalàna ao Belarosia ny sakay.
19Although the problem is real, experts believe that it is a critical misstep to allow authorities to surveil the online behavior of all Internet users, regardless of whether they have any association with drug-related websites.Na dia tena misy aza ny olana, dia mihevitra ny manampahaizana fa hadisoana goavana ahafahan'ny manampahefana manaramaso ny fitondratenan'ireo mpiserasera rehetra amin'ny aterineto izany, na inona na inona fifandraisan'izy ireo amin'ny habaka mifandraika amin'ny rongony.
20This decree is the latest in a series of new regulations that restrict online rights-without question, censorship in Belarus is becoming stronger as presidential elections draw near.Ity didy hitsivolana ity no andiany farany indrindra amin'ireo andiana lalàna vaovao mametra ny zo antserasera, tsy azo isalasalana, fa miha-matanjaka hatrany ny sivana ao Belarosia satria miha-akaiky ny fifidianana filoham-pirenena.
21Last December, the government adopted amendments to media legislation, ostensibly mandating that any website in the Belarusian segment of the Internet will be viewed as a media organization.Tamin'ny Desambra farany teo, nanatontosa fanitsiana ny lalàna mifehy ny media ny governemanta, izay toa mitaky fa ny habaka Belarosiana rehetra amin'ny aterineto dia azo heverina ho fikambanan'ny haino aman-jery.
22This leaves websites of all kinds subject to the mercy of the Communications Ministry, which has the authority to shut down sites extrajudicially.Mahatonga ny habaka amin'ny endriny rehetra ho fehezin'ny Minisiteran'ny Fifandraisana izany, izay manana fahefana hanakatona tsy mila mandalo fitsarana ireo habaka.
23At the end of February the Communications Ministry published a decree mandating ISPs to block Internet anonymizers such as Tor and VPN services.Tamin'ny faran'ny volana Febroary, namoaka didy hitsivolana mitaky amin'ireo mpamatsy tolotra aterineto hanakatona izay aterineto ahafahana tsy mampiseho anarana toy ny Tor sy ny servisy VPN ny Minisiteran'ny Fifandraisana.
24The authorities suggested that any such service with anonymising facilities used to access websites already blacklisted in Belarus would be added to the state blacklist as well.Nilaza ny manampahefana fa atsofoka ao anatin'ny lisitra maintin'ny fanjakana efa misy ao Belarosia ihany koa ny tolotra rehetra mirona amin'ny tsy fametrahana anarana amin'ireo fitaovana ampiasaina hidirana amin'ny habaka
25Soon after the adoption of the media amendments, several large online platforms, including independent news websites, were blocked temporarily.Fotoana fohy taorian'ny fandaniana ireo fanitsiana momba ny haino aman-jery, dia sehatra an-tserasera lehibe maromaro, anisan'izany ny tranokalam-baovao tsy miankina no voasakana tanatin'ny fotoana fohy.
26Local activists and journalists called this blocking a “dress rehearsal before the election.”Niantso izany fanakatonana izany ho “fanazaran-tena alohan'ny fifidianana” ireo mpikatroka sy mpanao gazety ao an-toerana.
27If this is indeed the case, then limiting access to anonymizers and storing users' browsing history and personal data are but little changes to the final script.Raha Izany no mitranga dia tsy hampisy zavatra miova any amin'ny farany ny famerana ny fidirana amin'ireo servisy manafina anaram-panondroana mpiserasera sy ny fitehirizana ny tantaran'ny fidirana aterineton'ny mpiserasera sy ny tahiry manokana.