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1Mexico, USA: Who Will Pay the Price for Wal-Mart's Corruption?Meksika, Etazonia: Iza No Hanefa Be Amin'ny Kolikoly Nataon'ny Wal-Mart?
2This post is part of our International Relations & Security coverage.Ity lahatsoratra ity dia ampahany amin'ny fandrakofanay ny Fifandraisana & Fitoniana manerantany.
3There have been better times to be associated with Wal-Mart.Efa lasa tokoa mantsy irony fotoana mamy naha-mpiara-miombona antoka tamin'ny Wal-Mart.
4In 2011, for example, it was named one of the top 10 most transparent corporations in Mexico [es].Tamin'ny 2011, ohatra, dia voahosotra ho iray amin'ireo vondron'orinasaa 10 isan'ny mpandàla mangarahara indrindra tao Meksika izy [es].
5Yet one of the world's largest corporations has taken a hit after evidence surfaced that their Mexican subsidiary paid $24 million USD in bribes to Mexican officials between 2002 and 2005.Nefa ity iray isan'ny vondron'orinasa goavana indrindra eran-tany ity dia nidiran'angano taorian'ny nipoiran'ny porofo nilaza fa hoe nanome 24 tapitrisa dolara amerikana hanambatambazana manampahefana Meksikana ny sampan-dry zareo any Meksika teo anelanelan'ny 2002 sy 2005.
6According to an investigation by the New York Times published in April 2012, Wal-Mart kept this information quiet since 2005, when a former employee in Mexico blew the whistle.Araka ny fanadihadiana iray nataon'ny the New York Times nivoaka tamin'ny Aprily 2012, notazonin'ny Wal-Mart ho tsiambaratelo ity vaovao ity hatramin'ny 2005, fony nisy mpiasa taloha tao Meksika nitsoka ny anjomara fanairana.
7Taking every opportunity to call out bad practices at the company, Wal-Mart reform advocacy and employee groups jumped on the scandal, calling on Wal-Mart's CEO to resign in an online petition started by Organization United for Respect at Wal-Mart (Our Wal-Mart) on Change.org in May.Nanararaotra ny zava-nisy mba hiampangana ireo zava-panao tsy mety rehetra ao amin'ilay orinasa, ireo vondrona mpisolovava sy mpiasa mitaky fanavaozana ao amin'ny Wal-Mart dia nandrirotra ilay tantara ratsy ho amin'ny fangatahana ny fametraham-pialan'ny Filoha Tale Jeneralin'ny Wal-Mart, tanaty fanangonan-tsonia tety anivon'ny aterineto natomboky ny Organization United for Respect at Wal-Mart (Our Wal-Mart) ny volana May tao amin'ny Change.org.
8As the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) in the United States is more frequently enforced today than it has been for many years, attention now turns to how much Wal-Mart could be fined by US authorities.Koa satria ny Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA), na ny Lalàna Mandrara ny Fanaovana Kolikoly Any Ivelany, misy ao Etazonia dia nampiharina matetitetika amin'izao fotoana miohatra amin'ireo taona maro tany aloha, mitodika any amin'ny hoe hatraiza no ho famaizan'ny manampahefana Amerikana ny Wal-Mart.
9This is also likely to lead to questions concerning whether the bribes made a substantial contribution to Wal-Mart's economic development, or whether profits were directly tied to the bribesIzy ity koa tahaka ny mitondra mankany amin'ny fanontaniana raha tena nanome tombon-dahiny tokoa tamin'ny firoboroboan'ny ara-toekaren'ny Wal-Mart ny tsolotra nataony, na hoe teraka mivantana avy amin'ireny tsolotra ireny ny tombombarotra azony.
10How the scandal played out in MexicoNy fomba fitrangan'ilay tantara ratsy tao Meksika
11President Calderon (right) met with Walmart CEO Michael T.Ny Filoha Calderon (ankavanana) nihaona tamin'ny Filoha Tale Jeneralin'ny Walmart, Michael T.
12Duke in Cartagena, Colombia in April 2012 and his office issued a statement and this photo.Duke tao Cartagena, Kolombia tamin'ny Aprily 2012 ary ny biraony no namoaka fanambaràna niaraka tamin'ity sary ity.
13A little more than a week prior to the New York Times report in April, the office of Mexican President Felipe Calderon released a photo of Calderon meeting with Wal-Mart CEO Michael T.Herinandro iray na mihoatra kely monja nialoha ny tatitry ny the New York Times tamin'ny Aprily, dia namoaka sary iray ahitàna ny Filoha Calderon mitafa amin'ny Filoha Tale Jeneralin'ny Wal-Mart Michael T.
14Duke in Colombia.Duke tao Kolombia ny biraon'ny Filoha Felipe Calderon.
15The Mexico bureau chief for McClatchy Newspapers, Tim Johnson writes in his blog:Ny lehiben'ny birao Meksikana fanontàna ny gazety McClatchy Newspapers, Tim Johnson manoratra toy izao ao amin'ny bilaoginy:
16They probably wish they could recall the photo now.Azo antoka fa nanenenan-dry zareo ny namoahany an'ity sary ity amin'izao fotoana.
17At that meeting, Calderon “congratulated Wal-Mart on its commitment to the environment by generating increasing amounts of clean energy” and praised the company for buying directly from Mexican farmers, his office said.Tamin'io fihaonana io, Calderon “dia nankasitraka ny Wal-Mart amin'ny firotsahany an-tsehatra ara-tontolo iainana amin'ny fampitomboana ny famokarana angovo madio” sady nankalaza ilay orinasa ho mividy mivantana ny vokatr'ireo tantsaha Meksikana, hoy ny biraony.
18Duke, for his part, declared that “Mexico is an example for the rest of the chain worldwide” according to the statement.Duke, tetsy andaniny, dia nanambara fa i “Meksika dia ohatra iray ho an'ireo zana-tsampany manerana izao tontolo izao” raha resaka firotsahana an-tsehatra.
19Walmart Mexico associates attending lunch in Northwest Arkansas during the 2011 Walmart Shareholders' Meeting. Photo by Walmart Stores on flickr (CC BY 2.0)Mpiara-miombona antoka avy amin'ny Walmart Mexico nanatrika fiaraha-misakafo tao Arkansas Avaratra-atsinanana nandritra ny Fihaonamben'ireo Mpiray Antoka ao amin'ny Walmart, ny taona 2011, Sary avy amin'ny Walmart Stores ao amin'ny flickr (CC BY 2.0)
20Johnson writes that the president's office issued a “bulletin” on April 23, after the bribery was revealed, that attempted to distance the federal government from the scandal by emphasizing that the bribes were to local and state functionaries.Manoratra i Johnson fa hoe namoaka “taratasim-pifandraisana” ny biraon'ny filoha tamin'ny 23 Aprily, taorian'ny nipoahan'ilay resaka kolikoly, izay niezaka nanàla ny governemanta federaly amin'ilay tantara ratsy, tamin'ny fanindriana fa ny tsolotra dia tany amin'ireo mpiasam-panjakana sy tany amin'ny faritra ihany.
21Calderon didn't become president until after the alleged bribery took place.Tsy lasa filoha i Calderon raha tsy efa taty aorian'ny lazaina ho nisian'ilay fanaovana kolikoly.
22Mexfiles analyses what impact the Wal-Mart scandal could have on the upcoming presidential elections, noting that the PAN Party candidate, whose party controlled the federal government at the time of the bribery (and still does) had not commented on the issue.Mexfiles dia mandalina ny mety ho fiantraikan'ilay tantara ratsy Wal-Mart eo amin'ny fifidianana ho filoham-pirenena atsy ho atsy, amin'ny fanamarihana hoe ny mpirotsaka avy amin'ny antoko PAN, izay ny antokony no nifehy ny governemanta federaly tamin'ny fotoana nitrangan'ilay kolikoly (ary hatramin'izao) dia tsy naneho hevitra mikasika ilay olana.
23Meanwhile her two leading opponents were calling for investigations.Mandritra izany fotoana izany kosa ireo roa mpanohitra azy akaiky dia mangataka ny hanaovana fanadihadiana.
24Mexfiles also notes that the Calderon administration passed new anti-trust laws and wonders whether Wal-Mart's aggressive bribery and expansion practices could be considered unfair competition against both big and small Mexican retail businesses pushed from the market:Mexfiles koa dia manamarika fa ny fitantanan'Atoa Calderon dia nampandany lalàna vaovao ‘anti-trust' sady manontany tena raha toa ka azo heverina ho toy ny fifaninanana tsy ara-dalàna ireo fomba fanao mitratrevatrevan'ny Wal-Mart amin'ny fanaovana kolikoly sy fanitarana, manoloana ireo mpandraharaha Meksikana mpaninjara goavana izay voahilika hivoaka ny tsena:
25One thing not well explained in foreign coverage of the Wal-Mart scandal is that Wal-Mart de México S.A.B. de C.V. consists of several smaller chains of supermarkets like Bodega Aurrerá and Superama, clothing shops like Suburbia, and VIPS restaurants.Zavatra iray tsy dia voazava tsara eo amin'ny fandrakofam-baovao any ivelany mikasika ny tantara ratsin'ny Wal-Mart dia ny hoe ny Wal-Mart de México S.A.B. de C.V. dia fitambaranà vondrom-pitsinjarana kely madinidinika marobe toy ny Bodega Aurrerá sy Superama, mpivarotra fitafiana toy ny Suburbia, sy ireo trano fisakafoana VIPS .
26It has been argued that while some of these existing chains were fairly acquired others were subject to more hostile takeovers.Nambara fa raha toa ka nanaraka ny dingana ara-dalàna ny nakàna ny sasany tamin'ireny vondron'orinasa madinika ireny, ny hafa kosa dia niharan'ny teritery teo amin'ny fomba nakàna azy.
27Culture of bribery?Kolotsain'ny kolikoly?
28Marco Antonio Gómez Lovera on Vivir Mexico [es] is incensed that Wal-Mart executives in the United States and Mexico preferred to hide their knowledge of the bribery rather than investigate further and punish those responsible.Marco Antonio Gómez Lovera ao amin'ny Vivir Mexico [es] dia nilaza ho zendana tamin'ny nisafidianan'ireo mpitantana ny Wal-Mart hanafina fa hoe fantatr'izy ireo ny amin'ilay kolikoly, na izany tany Etazonia, na ny tao Meksika, fa tsy tonga dia nanao fanadihadiana lalina sy nanafay izay tomponandraikitra.
29Meanwhile, Mexfiles and other blogs [es] opined that U.S. media and authorities may be downplaying the Mexican reaction due to a supposed “culture of bribery”.Nandritra izany, Mexfiles sy bilaogy hafa koa [es] dia nanamafy fa ny fampahalalam-baovao sy ireo manampahefana Amerikana dia mety ho nanamaivana ny fihetsehan'ny Meksikana noho ilay lazaina hoe “Kolotsain'ny kolikoly”.