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1Russian Censors Launch Automatic Online Media Monitoring System to Spot ‘Extremist’ ContentNamoaka ny rafitra fanaraha-maso ny media an-tserasera mandeha ho azy hitadiavana ireo votoaty eksitiremista ny Rosiana mpiandraikitra ny sivana
2Akin to Foucault's panopticon, Russian censors are now monitoring online media for forbidden content around the clock using an automated system.Hatramin'i Akin ka hatramin'i Foucault, manaramaso tsy mitsahatra ny manaramaso ireo fampitam-baovao an-tserasera amin'ny alalan'ny fitaovana mandeha ho azy ankehitriny ny Rosiana mpanao fanapenam-bava (sivana).
3Images mixed by Tetyana Lokot.Sary namboarin'i Tetyana Lokot.
4A system that automatically scans the content of online media outlets for forbidden and illegal material is now operating in 19 regions across Russia.Miasa ao Rosia ankehitriny ny rafi-pitaovana iray manadihady avy hatrany ny votoaty avoakan'ny fampitam-baovao an-tserasera manerana ny faritra rosiana miisa 19 hikarohana ireo votoaty voarara sy tsy ara-dalàna.
5Roscomnadzor has launched the algorithm in beta testing mode, but head of the Russian media watchdog, Aleksandr Zharov, told state news source Izvestia the system would be rolled out full-scale across all of Russia before the end of 2016.Eo am-panatontosana ny dingana beta (fanandramana matotra) ny rijan-kajy (algorithm) ny Roscomnadzor, saingy niteny tamin'ny Izvestia ny filohan'ny fanarahamaso ny fampitam-baovao rosiana, Aleksandr Zharov, fa hiasa feno manerana an'i Rosia ilay rafitra alohan'ny faran'ny taona 2016.
6The new system will be primarily used to analyze Russian media websites to spot content that is considered illegal under Article 4 of the Russian mass media law, which covers pornography, calls to violence or terrorism, extremist materials, and profanity.Ny asa voalohan'ny rafitra vaovao dia ny hamakafaka ny tranonkalam-baovao rosiana mikaroka ireo votoaty heverina ho tsy ara-dalàna eo anatrehan'ny andininy fahaefatra amin'ny lalànan'ny fampitam-baovaom-bahoaka rosiana, toy ny sary vetaveta, antso hanao herisetra na fampihorohoroana, fitaovana eksitremista, fanosihosena zava-masina, sns..
7Zharov told Izvestia that even in testing mode, the algorithm has enabled the censors to find “twice as many” violations as before.Nolazain'i Zharov tamin'ny Izvestia fa na dia mbola eo am-panandramana aza dia nahafan'ny mpanao sivana nahita fanitsakitsaka “indroa avo heny” noho ny taloha ny rijan-kajy.
8“We won't discipline anyone yet, since the system is new.“Tsy mbola hanafay na iza na iza aloha izahay, satria mbola vaovao ny rafitra.
9We do ask that violations be removed, as I think it will improve the quality of media all over Russian territory,” Zharov said.Tsy maintsy miangavy izahay hanaisotra ny fanitsakitsahana, ary eritreretiko fa hanatsara ny kalitaon'ny fampitambaovao manerana ny sisintany rosiana izy ity,” hoy i Zharov.
10The hardware and software used by Roscomnadzor only analyze textual content on media websites.
11For images and other multimedia content, the algorithm examines language describing the file, such as captions.Mamakafaka ny lahatsoratra ao amin'ny tranonkalam-baovao ihany no ataon'ny rindram-bainga sy ny rindram-baiko ampiasain'ny Rosomnadzor.
12If a captions suggests that the file might contain forbidden information, the system sends them on to the watchdog's human analysts who examine the files manually.Raha amin'ny votoaty fampitam-baovao marolafy indray dia ny fanazavazavana indray no fakafakain'ny rijan-kajy, ka raha heverina ho miaty fampahafantarana voarara dia alefany amin'ny olona mpanadihady izay handray an-tanana ny raharaha hijery ny dosie.
13Comments on media websites are also part of the automatic monitoring: according to Roscomnadzor, if the system finds comments containing illegal content, they inform the media outlet, which then has 24 hours to delete the offending comment, as prescribed by a decision of the Russian Supreme Court.Voaaramaso ho azy ihany koa ny tsipy hevitra amin'ny tranonkalam-baovao: araka ny nolazain'ny Roscomnadzor, raha mahita fanehoan-kevitra misy votoaty tsy ara-dalàna ny rafi-pitaovana, dia ampahafantariny ilay fampitam-baovao izany, ary manana 24 ora ity farany hamafana izany fanehoan-kevitra manitsakitsaka izany (araka ny didy efa navoakan'ny Fitsarana an-Tampony Rosiana).
14“And delete them they do,” Zharov said.“Ary mamafa daholo ny rehetra,” hoy i Zharov.
15Previously, Roscomnadzor had ambitious plans to monitor all of the Russian Internet for extremist materials, but they simply didn't have enough funding.Tany alohaloha tany ny Roscomnadzor efa naminavina hanara-maso ny aterineto rosiana iray manontolo ijerena votoaty eksitiremista saingy tsy nahefa noho ny tsy fahampiam-bola.
16“We realized that given the current situation with available budget funds, we can't take on all of the Internet,” Roscomnadzor's head confessed to Izvestia.“Hitanay fa raha jerena ny toe-draharaha ankehitriny sy ny tetibola eo am-pelantanana dia tsy afa-misahana ny aterineto iray manontolo izahay,” hoy ny fiaiken'ny filohan'ny Roscomnadzor tamin'ny Izvestia.
17“So we analyze the online media and don't touch the rest of the (Internet) space.”“Ka dia ny fampitam-baovao an-tserasera no hofakafakainay ary tsy hikitika ny sehatra (aterineto) hafa izahay.”
18Little is known about the software and hardware behind the automatic monitoring system.Bitika ny zavatra fantatra momba ny rindrambaiko sy rindrambainga ambadik'ilay rafi-pitaovana fanarahamaso mandeha ho azy.
19According to Roscomnadzor, its “analytical hub” is based in the Russian General radio frequency center, but the algorithm itself remains a mystery.Araka ny Roscomnadzor, ny “hoboka famakafakana” (fo) dia manana ny foibeny ao amin'ny foiben'onjampeo rosiana amin'ny ankapobeny, fa tsy misy na inona na inona fantatra kosa momba ny rijan-kajy.
20It was in 2011 that Roscomnadzor first released a tender for developing an automated search and analysis system for use on the RuNet.Raha iverenana dia tamin'ny 2011 no nanambaran'ny Roscomnadzor voalohany ny fandraisana tolobidy hananganana rafi-pikarohana sy famakafakana mandeha ho azy ampiasaina amin'ny RuNet.
21A company called “DataCenter” won the tender, but Roscomnadzor wasn't happy with their offering and found it to be incompatible with their technical brief.Orinasa iray antsoina hoe “DataCenter” no nahazo ny tolobidy, saingy tsy afa-po tamin'ny tolotra nataony ny Roscomnadzor ary nahita fa tsy mifanaraka amin'ny notadiaviny ny teknika nampiasaina.
22In the spring of 2014, Russian media again reported on the media regulator's intentions to automate its searches for profane content and extremist material on media websites and social networks.Tamin'ny lohataona 2014, notaterin'ny fampitam-baovao rosiana indray ny fikasan'ny mpanaramaso ny media hampandeha ho azy ny fitadiavana votoaty manimbazimba zava-masina na eksitiremista amin'ny tranonkalam-baovao sy ny tambajotra sosialy.
23At the time, Roscomnadzor was using a third-party system from the “Safe Internet League” to monitor offensive content such as child pornography and content promoting suicide, but wanted to develop an in-house custom solution to also include monitoring of calls to extremism and violence.Mandritra izany fotoana izany ny Roscomnadzor nampiasa ny rafitr'olonkafa avy amin'ny “Ligin'ny Aterineto Voaaro” hanaraha-maso votoatay tahaka ny sary vetaveta atao amin'ny ankisy sy ny votoaty fandrisihana famonoan-tena, saingy te-hanangana fitaovana manokana ampiasainy hanaraha-maso ireo antso mankany amin'ny herisetra sy ny eksitiremista.
24In April 2014, Roscomnadzor head Zharov told the media their system would be “self-learning” and would use “key markers” to spot extremist materials.Tamin'ny Avrily 2014 i Zharov filohan'ny Roscomnadzor niteny tamin'ny fampitam-baovao fa “hampiana-tena” ilay rafi-pitaovana ary hampiasa “tondro mpanamarika” hitadiavana ireo fitaovan'ny eksitiremista.
25Zharov said the watchdog had had offers from Russian media analytics powerhouses “Medialogia” and “Ashmanov and partners,” but ended up picking a third (hitherto unknown) company to develop their system.Nilaza i Zharov fa nahazo tolotra avy amin'ny foibe matanjaka rosiana mpanadihady “Medialogia” sy ny “Ashmanov sy ny mpiara-mombon'antoka” ny sampana rosiana mpanara-maso ny fampitam-baovao saingy orinasa hafa (tsy fantatra ny anarany) no nalainy hanangana ilay rafi-pitaovana fanaraha-maso.
26According to Russian law, Roscomnadzor issues a warning to a media outlet for a first-time offense of publishing forbidden content online.Araka ny lalàna rosiana dia mamoaka fampitandremana amin'ilay seha-pampitam-baovao amin'ny famoahany votoaty an-tserasera voarara voalohany ny Roscomnadzor.
27After a second warning to the same media outlet, the media watchdog can take the matter to court and demand that the media outlet's license be revoked.Aorian'ny fampitandremana faharoa amin'io seha-baovao io ihany dia afa-mitondra ny raharaha eny amin'ny fitsarana ny sampana mpanara-maso ny fampitam-baovao ary mangataka ny hanesorana ny fahazoan-dalan'ilay fampitam-baovao.