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1 | The Trouble With Russian Nationalism | Ny Fikorontanan'ny Nasionalisma Rosiana |
2 | In the first decade after Communism, Russia struggled to reframe one of the Soviet Union's biggest holidays: October Revolution Day [ru] (celebrated on November 7). | Tanatin'ny folo taona voalohany taorian'ny kaominisma, Rosia dia niady ny hankalazana ny iray amin'ireo fety lehibe an'ny Firaisambe Sovietika: Ny Andron'ny Tolom-piavotana Oktobra [ru] (ankalazaina ny 07 Novambra). |
3 | After years of toying with new names for the celebration, the Kremlin in 2005 reinstituted November 4 as Unity Day to replace the problematic communist jubilee. | Taorian'ny taona maro nifandimbiasana anarana hafa maro karazana ho an'ilay fankalazana, tamin'ny 2005 ny Kremlin dia namerina nametraka ny 04 Novambra ho Andron'ny Firaisankina hanoloana ilay olan'ny jobily kaominista. |
4 | Many criticized the government for (re)introducing yet another holiday with symbolic meaning that few contemporary Russians can appreciate. | Maro ireo nanakiana ny Governemanta tamin'ny famerenany nampidirana fety hafa indray karazam-pamantarana fotsiny izay vitsy ireo Rosiana ankehitriny no mankasitraka izany. |
5 | This year, Unity Day lived up to its name, though in a rather unexpected way. | Tamin'ity taona ity, nanandratra avo ny anarany ny Andron'ny Firaisankina, saingy tamin'ny fomba tsy nampoizina. |
6 | In 46 towns and cities across Russia [ru], including Moscow, roughly 30 thousand people took part in far-right extremist rallies. | Tao anatin'ny tanàna 46 manerana an'i Rosia [ru], isany i Mosko, olona teo amin'ny 3 alina teo no nandray anjara tamin'ireo famoriam-bahoaka nataon'ny farany havanana. |
7 | While this is an infinitesimally small fraction of the country's total population, Unity Day's far-right groups have managed to attract supporters all over Russia. | Na dia ampahany faran'izay kely dia kely amin'ny totalin'isan'ny mponina aza izany, ny Andron'ny Firaisankina nataon'ny vondron'ny farany havanana dia nahasintona mpanohana maro nanerana an'i Rosia. |
8 | The geographic sweep of the demonstrations is impressive; they spanned Russia's western and eastern corners, crosscutting climates and demographics. | Nampitolagaga ny faritra rakotry ny fihetsiketsehana ; nahambango an'i Rosia avy any andrefana ka hatrany atsinanana izy ireo, nisedra toetr'andro sy vahoaka be. |
9 | The movement's organizers insist that their parades reached 70 towns and cities, drawing over 15 thousand people in Moscow alone. | Ireo mpikarakara ny hetsika dia nanamafy fa naharakotra tanàna efa ho 70 ny filaharana, nanintona olona efa ho 5 arivo sy 1 alina tao Mosko fotsiny. |
10 | Boy at nationalist march, Moscow, 4 November 2012, photo by RiMarkin, CC 2.0. | Zazalahy anaty filaharana nasionalisita, Mosko, 04 Novambra 2012, sary avy @ RiMarkin, CC 2.0. |
11 | LiveJournal user sofia_vb_88 argues that far-right activism in Russia grows not only in numbers, but also in boldness. | sofia_vb_88, mpampiasa ny LiveJournal dia nifaka fa ireo mpomba ny elatra farany havanana ao Rosia dia nitombo tsy tamin'ny isa fotsiny ihany fa tamin'ny fahasahiana ihany koa. |
12 | This year's march proceeded despite attempts by the authorities to curtail demonstrations. | Tanteraka ihany ny filaharana tamin'ity taona ity na teo aza ny fandrahonan'ireo mpitondra fanjakana hanafoana izany. |
13 | Indeed, several activists were arrested [ru] outside their homes in Pyatigorsk, before that's city's Unity Day parade ever started. | Izao mantsy, maro tamin'ireo mpanao hetsika no nosamborin' [ru]ny mpitandro filaminana tany ivelan'ny fonenany tany Pyatigorsk, raha mbola tsy nanomboka akory ny hetsika Andron'ny Firaisankina tao amin'io tanàna io. |
14 | That the movement continues to attract followers despite such police pressure suggests a widespread network capable of replenishing its ranks when targeted with arrests. | Ny notohizan'ilya hetsika hahasintona mpanjohy hatrany na teo aza ny tery vay manta nataon'ireo mpitandro filaminana dia sahala amin'ny azo hakàna an-tsaina ny fisianà tambajotra midadasika be afaka manatevina ny laharany raha toa ka misy fikendrena fisamborana. |
15 | Far-right activists also launched a page [ru] on LJ, where moderators scrupulously collect posts sympathetic to the movement. | Ireo mpikatroka mafàna fo avy amin'ny elatra farany havanana koa dia nanomboka pejy [ru] iray ao anaty LJ, ka ao no hanangonan'ireo mpikarakara am-pahamalinana ireo lahatsoratra miombon-kevitra amin'ilay hetsika. |
16 | The writing quality is remarkable for a grassroots campaign, in this author's opinion, and approaches something close to a volunteer-supported newspaper. | Tena manintona tokoa ny kalitaon'ilay lahatsoratra raha ho fanentanana ny eny ifotony, hoy ny hevitr'ity mpanoratra ity, ary manolotra vokatra mitovy amin'ny gazetin'ireo mpilatsaka an-tsitrapo. |
17 | One of the most confusing traits of extremist Russian nationalists is their apparent obsession with Nazi symbols and aesthetics. | Ny toetra anankiray anisan'ny mahavalalanina amin'ireto ‘extremiste' Rosiana nasionalista ireto dia ny fandalàny fatratra ny famantarana sy fomba Nazi. |
18 | When the USSR defeated Fascist Germany, it was a wildly diverse ethnic coalition that elevated the Red Army to victory. | Rehefa resin'i URSS i Alemana Fasista, dia fiaraha-mientana tsy tsara rindra nisy karazana foko samihafa no nampakatra ny Tafita Mena ho amin'ny fandresena. |
19 | Why would anyone valorize the Great Patriotic War as a triumph for Russians alone, and why do so by waving the flag of the enemy? | Nahoana no misy olona te-hanome lanja ny Ady lehibe Fitiavan-tanindrazana ho toy ny an-dry zareo Rosiana irery ihany, ary maninona no amin'ny alàlan'ny fanofahofàna ny saim'ny fahavalo no anaovana izany? |
20 | The movement itself exhibits great confusion about what unites its adherents. | Ilay ankolafy tenany aza dia mampiseho fisavoritaana goavana mikasika izay mampiray ireo mpikambana ao aminy. |
21 | Photographs [ru] from the parade include signs and insignia borrowed from fascists, czarists, and even Celtics. | Ireo saripika [ru] avy any amin'ilay filaharna diahitàna sary famantarana nalaina avy amin'ireo Fasista, Tsarista, ary koa Seltika. |
22 | That said, the leaders of the march offer a fairly simple core idea: “Russia for Russians” - a concept that many netizens are far from against. | Izany amin'iny, ny mpitarika ny filaharana dia manolotra hevitra mafonja tsotra dia tsotra: “Rosia ho an'i Rosiana”; fomba fijery izay nankatoavin'ireo mpiserasera maro. |
23 | Many are, however, skeptical about the individual nationalists keen on realizing the slogan. | Maro ihany koa anefa no miahiahy mikasika ireo olona Nasionalisita mankamamy fatratra ny hanatanterahana izany teny faneva izany. |
24 | Particularly, the right-wing's proposed means and methods arouse fears. | Indrindra, fa mampahatahotra ireo fitaovana sy fomba fanaon'ny elatra havanana. |
25 | Photobloggers didn't miss the chance to cover the Unity Day marches. | Tsy mba tara koa ireo mpibilaogy an-tsary nandrakotra ireo filaharan'ny Andron'ny Firaisankina. |
26 | Readers can find reports from mikle1, politrash-ru, zyalt, and viktorlevanov (to name just a few). | Ny mpamaky dia afaka mahita ireo tatitra avy amin'ny mikle1, politrash-ru, zyalt, ary viktorlevanov (raha tsy anonona afa-tsy vitsivitsy). |
27 | Mikle1 comments: | Maneho hevitra i Mikle1 hoe: |
28 | Look at the faces of these people, listen to their slogans, and you'll understand that they're no defenders of the Russian World. | Jereo ny tarehin'ireo olona ireo, henoy ny teny fanevany, ary dia ho fantatrao fa olona tsy hijiro ho mpiaro ny Tontolo Rosiana ireo. |
29 | And they're no defenders of Russians or Russia. | Ary tsy misy miaro ny Rosiana na Rosia ry zareo. |
30 | These people are either mentally handicapped, utterly illiterate, or they [just] want to go beating, cutting, and shooting [people] to the tune of pretty slogans. | Ireo olona ireo dia, na misy fahavoazana ara-tsaina, na tsy ampy saina/fahalalàna tsotra zao, na olona [fotsiny] te-hikapoka, hanapaka, ary hitifitr'[olona] amin'ny feon'ny faneva tsara rindra. |
31 | […] They don't volunteer [to serve] in the Caucasus, and they don't volunteer for the army. | […] Tsy hilatsaka an-tsitrapo [hanompo tanindrazana] any Kaokazy, ary tsy hirotsaka an-tsitrapo hanao miaramila. |
32 | They go out into the street, trying to drive out their non-Russian neighbors. | Mivoaka eny an-dalambe izy ireo, miezaka mandroaka ireo mpifanolo-bodirindrina tsy teratany Rosiana. |
33 | Or [sometimes] it's not even a non-Russian, but just someone with a suspicious mug or the wrong surname. | Na [indraindray] tsy hoe akory tsy teratany Rosiana fa rehefa hafahafa ny fijery azy na manana anaram-pianakaviana tsy dia fantatra izy ireo. |
34 | Filming with a hidden camera, blogger viktorlevanov was especially sarcastic in his comments: | Nandrakitra lahatsary tamin'ny fomba miafina, ilay bilaogera viktorlevanov dia tena naneso mihitsy tamin'ny fanehoan-kevitra nataony: |
35 | When I got to the Russian March yesterday, it occurred to me that I'd arrived at a Halloween party - so many colorful personalities, all wearing masks. | Raha sendra ilay filaharana Rosiana aho omaly, dia toy ny tonga tanaty Fetin'ny Mpamosavy - toa feno karazan'olona milokoloko, misaron-tava avokoa izy rehetra. |
36 | At the nationalist march, Moscow, 4 November 2012, photo by RiMarkin, CC 2.0. | Ao anaty filaharana nasionalista, Mosko, 04 Novambra 2012, sary avy @ RiMarkin, CC 2.0. |
37 | Levanov went on to joke that demonstrators were battling an influenza epidemic, making light of that fact that many protesters wore hospital masks to disguise their identities and project an atmosphere of danger. | Levanov nananihany nanohy fa ireo mpanao fihetsiketsehana dia niaro tena amin'ny fihanaky ny aretina gripa, nanazava misimisy kokoa an'izany ireo mpanao hetsi-panoherana mitondra aro-tava fampiasa eny amin'ny toera-pitsaboana mba hanafenana ny endriny sy hilazana rivotra iainana feno loza. |
38 | Blogger avmalgin questioned the capabilities of Russian nationalist extremists, remarking that Europe's better developed societies have struggled with their own ‘Muslim problem,' so far unsuccessfully: | Ny Mpibilaogy avmalgin nanontany ny fahafaha-manaon'ireo nasionalista ‘ extremistes' Rosiana, nanamarika fa ireo vondrom-piarahamonina mandroso kokoa any Eoropa dia miady amin'ny ‘olan'ny silamo' an-dry zareo manokana, toa tsy mbola ahitam-bahaolana hatramin'izao: |
39 | Smart people across Europe can't contain Islamization, but these dummies in Moscow will succeed? | Ireo olona marani-tsaina any Eoropa aza tsy mahafehy ny toe-tsaina silamo [islamizasiona], maika fa ireto kely loha ao Mosko ve no hahavita? |
40 | Commenting on Malgin's post, non-Russian blogger tovbot described his experience as an ethnic minority in the USSR: | Tao anaty fanehoan-kevitra tamin'ny lahatsoratry ny Malgin, ilay mpibilaogy tsy teratany Rosiana tovbot namariparitra ny zava-niainany amin'ny maha-mpikambana azy tao anatinà foko vitsy anisa iray tany URSS: |
41 | I studied in a Soviet school in one of national republics of the USSR, and, you know, there wasn't even a single class on our native language - we studied only Russian language and Russian literature. | Nianatra tany amin'ny sekoly Sovietika aho tamin'ny Repoblika nasionaly URSS, ary, mba fantatrao moa, tsy mba nisy na dia iray aza taranja nianarana tamin'ny tenin-dreninay - Ny teny Rosiana tokana sy ny literatiora Rosiana no nampianarina anay. |
42 | We didn't learn the history of our own people - we studied the history of Russia and of the Russian people. | Tsy mba nianatra ny tantaran'ny mponina avy any aminay izahay - Ny nianaranay dia ny tantaran'i Rosia sy ny vahoaka Rosiana. |
43 | In their attemps to unite supporters around the idea of Russian superiority, the leaders of nationalist groups seem intent on turning back the clock and adopting a fundamentally Soviet approach to history, whitewashing a record of complex multiethnic accomplishments and setbacks, in order to uncomplicate and simplify the past. | Tanatin'ny andran'izy ireo hampiray ireo mpomba azy ireo manodidina ny hevitra fahambonian'ny Rosiana, ireo mpitariky ny fikambanana nasionalista dia toy ny efa vonona ny hiverina lalindalina kokoa amin'ny lasany ka haka ny tena fomba fijery Sovietika ny tantara, amin'ny famotsiana ireo rakitahiry mifanjevozevon'ny fahombiazana sy ny fihemorana karazam-poko isan-karazany mba hahafahana mametraka tantaran'ny lasa sady mora no tsotra. |
44 | Therein lies the nationalists' greatest problem: like so many other factions in Russian society, they have been unable to bridge the nation's Soviet heritage and post-Communist present. | Kanefa eo indrindra ny ‘olana lehiben'ny nasionalista: toy ireo karazana vondron'olona maro hafa miray saina hanao ao anaty fiaraha-monina Rosiana, tsy vitan'izy ireo ny mampifandray ny lovam-pirenena sovietika sy ny tao aorian'ny kaominista amin'izao fotoana izao. |
45 | The confusion about nationalist symbols is just one of innumerable symptoms that still plague Russia. | Ny tsy fitovian-kevitra mikasika ny mari-pamantarana nasionalista dia iray monja amin'ireo karazana fambaran'aretina izay mbola manahiran-tsaina an'i Rosia. |
46 | Before any social movement can pose a serious political threat to the country's ruling elite, it will have to distinguish itself on this pivotal question. | Mialoha ny haha-loza mitatao ara-politika ny hetsika sosialy ho an'ireo sangany mitondra ny firenena, tsy maintsy manavaka ny tenany hiala amin'io ivon'ny fanontaniana io aloha izy. |