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1 | Pot Isn’t Legal Yet in Mexico, But a Landmark Supreme Court Decision Has Opened the Door | Tsy Ara-dalàna Ny Fambolena Rongony An-Tavy Ao Meksika, Saingy Manoka-Baravarana Ho Amin'izany Ny Didin'ny Fitsarana Tampony |
2 | Marijuana cultivation. | Fambolena rongony raviny (Marijuana). |
3 | Image courtesy of A7nubis under CC license. | Sary avy amin'ny A7nubis lisansa CC. |
4 | The Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation (SCJN), Mexico's highest judicial authority, approved a resolution presented by Justice Arturo Zaldívar Lelo de Larrea declaring unconstitutional several articles of the country's Act Respecting Public Health, thereby conferring on four specific individuals the right to grow and consume cannabis for their personal use. | Nankatoavin'ny Fitsarana Tampon'ny Firenena (SCJN), fahefana ara-pitsarana ambony indrindra ao Meksika, ny fanapahan-kevitry ny Mpitsara Arturo Zaldívar Lelo de Larrea milaza fa tsy mifanaraka amin'ny lalàmpanorenana ireo andininy maromaro momba ny Lalàna Fanajana ny Fahasalamam-bahoaka ao amin'ny firenena, ary avy amin'izany no anomezana zo manokana ho an'ireo olona efatra mba hamboly sy hifoka rongony raviny ho azy ireo manokana. |
5 | Debate over Zaldivar's resolution took place behind closed doors in the Criminal Chamber of the Supreme Court. | Notontosaina tsy azon'ny besinimaro natrehina tao amin'ny Fitsarana Tampony misahana ny Heloka Bevava ny adihevitra mikasika ny fanapahan-kevitr'i Zaldivar. |
6 | The newspaper La Jornada explained certain aspects of the judgement: | Nanazava ny lafiny sasany amin'ny didim-pitsarana ny gazety Jornada : |
7 | The ruling, which will be formalized in an open session, declares unconstitutional Articles 235, 237, 245, 247, and 248 of the Act Respecting Public Health, insofar as they prohibit the Ministry of Health from granting authorizations “to perform acts related to personal use for recreational purposes (sowing, growing, harvesting, preparing, possessing, transporting) of cannabis (its resin, production, and seeds) and the psychotropic narcotic THC exclusively, which together are known as marijuana. | Milaza ny didim-pitsarana, izay hambara ampahibemaso amin'ny fotoana misokatra ho an'ny daholobe, fa tsy manaraka ny lalàmpanorenana Andininy faha-235, 237, 245, 247, ary ny 248 ny lalànan'ny Fanajana ny Fahasalamam-bahoaka, noho izy ireo mandrara ny Minisiteran'ny Fahasalamana tsy hanome fahazoan-dàlana “mba hanao zavatra ho an'ny tenany manokana ho fialam-boliny ny (mamafy, mamboly, mioty, mikarakara, mitazona an-tanana, mitondra an-dalana) rongony raviny (ny ditiny, vokatra, ary ny voa) sy ny zava- mahadomelina mandrisi-panahy THC manokana, izay fantatra ho rongony marijuana izy ireo. |
8 | The resolution does not, however, mean that just anyone can legally cultivate marijuana, known as “mota” on the streets of Mexico. | Tsy midika, na izany aza, ny fanapahan-kevitra fa na iza na iza dia afaka mamboly rongony raviny, fantatra amin'ny anarana hoe “Mota” eny an-dalamben'i Meksika. |
9 | Neither does the Supreme Court's judgment imply a widespread reform of drug possession laws, which remain in force. | Ny didim-pitsaran'ny Fitsarana Tampony koa tsy midika fanavaozana ankapobeny ny lalàna fananana rongony, izay mbola manan-kery. |
10 | For the time being, the judicial decision only benefits the four appellants who filed an injunction claiming that the law infringed upon their individual rights to differentiate themselves from the rest of society, a notion that is enshrined in the Mexican constitution and is protected by the writ of “amparo”. | Amin'izao fotoana izao ny didim-pitsarana dia manome tombotsoa manokana ho an'ireo olona efatra nampiakatra fitsarana ambony nitaraina fa manohintohina ny zo manokan'izy ireo mba hiavaka amin'ny fiarahamonina ny lalàna, filazana izay voasoratra ao amin'ny lalàmpanorenana Meksikana ary arovan'ny didin'ny “Amparo”. |
11 | The case sets a precedent in Mexican history, however, and opens the door to legalization. | Mametraka modely vaovao eo amin'ny tantara Meksikana ny toe-draharaha, ary manokatra varavarana mankany amin'ny maha ara-dalàna azy. |
12 | In his own words, journalist Carlos Puig summed up Justice Zaldívar Lelo de Larrea‘s resolution: | Tamin'ny teniny manokana, namehy ny fanapahan-kevitry ny Mpitsara Zaldívar Lelo de Larrea ilay mpanao gazety Carlos Puig: |
13 | In plain Spanish, it should not be a crime to grow marijuana in our own gardens for our own personal use. | Amin'ny teny Espaniola tsotsotra, tsy tokony ho heloka bevava ny mamboly rongony ao an-tanimboly. |
14 | Debate on Zaldívar's resolution was scheduled to take place in October, but that was postponed and didn't occur until November 4 in the presence of all the Justices of the Criminal Chamber, whereby it was adopted in a 4-1 vote. | Nomanina hotontosaina ny volana Oktobra ny raharaha Zaldívar, saingy nahemotra izany ary tsy tontosa raha tsy tamin'ny 4 Novambra izay natrehan'ireo Mpitsara rehetra amin'ny Sampana Heloka Bevava, ary nolaniana tamin'ny latsa-bato 4-1. |
15 | The central tenet of the resolution is that consumption of marijuana is a question of individual freedom. | Ny foto-kevi-dehiben'ny fanapahan-kevitra dia resaka fahalalahan'ny isam-batan'olona amin'ny fanjifana rongony. |
16 | It should be emphasized that the Criminal Chamber does not minimize the harm that can result from consumption of marijuana by an adult; however, it does recognize that it is up to the individual to decide. | Tsara ny manamarika fa tsy manamaivana ny voka-dratsy ateraky ny fifohan'ny olon-dehibe rongony ny Fitsarana Heloka Bevava; na izany aza, dia tsy maintsy mankato izy fa miankina amin'ny tsirairay ny fananapahan-kevitra. |
17 | Therefore, the High Court considers that the choice of whether to experiment responsibly with the substance, despite any harm it may cause them, rests strictly with the individual in their full autonomy and is protected by the right to free development of one's personality. | Noho izany, mihevitra ny Fitsarana Avo fa ny safidy hanandrana manokana (sady tompon'andraikitra amin'izany) , na eo aza ny loza mety aterak'izany, dia mitoetra ho [fiainany manokana] sady arovan'ny zo hivelatra anaty fahalalahana amin'ny mahaizy azy. |
18 | Zaldivar concluded: | Nofaranan'ny Zaldivar hoe: |
19 | The High Court, having deemed that the the provisions of the Act Respecting Public Health outlined above are unconstitutional, thereby grants the appellants authorization by the Minsitry of Health to undertake the activities required for the recreational use of marijuana. | Nihevitra ny Fitsarana Ambony fa tsy manaraka ny lalàmpanorenana ny fepetra ao amin'ny Lalàna momba ny Fahasalamam-bahoaka voalaza etsy ambony, ka manome ireo nampiakatra ny fitsarana ambony fahazoan-dalana avy amin'ny Minisiteran'ny Fahasalamana mba hanao zavatra ilaina ho amin'ny fampiasana rongony ho ala-voly. |
20 | By so doing, the appellants shall not be considered to have committed any crimes against health whether set out in the Act Respecting Public Health or in the Federal Criminal Code. | Amin'ny fanaovana izany , tsy tokony heverina fa nahavita heloka bevava manohitra ny fahasalamana ireo nampiakatra ny raharaha ambony raha voalaza ao amin'ny Lalàna momba Fahasalamam-bahoaka na ao amin'ny Fehezan-dalàna famaizana izany |
21 | The decision has generated a lot of comments throughout Mexican society, which Ernesto López Portillo compares to a soccer game: | Niteraka fanehoan-kevitra maro manerana ny fiarahamonina Meksikana ny fanapahan-kevitra, izay nampitahan'i Ernesto López Portillo amin'ny lalao baolina kitra: |
22 | Marijuana is just like soccer: everyone has an opinion they think is better than anyone else's, whether they know what they're talking about or not. | Tahaka ny baolina kitra ihany ny rongony: manana ny heviny heveriny fa tsara kokoa noho ny an'ny hafa ny olona tsirairay, na fantany na tsia izay resahiny. |
23 | They may never have kicked a ball or done it a lot; either way they know more than the best coach in the world. | Mety mbola tsy nandaka baolina na efa nanao izany imbetsaka izy ireo; na izany na tsy izany, mahafantatra bebe kokoa noho ny mpanazatra mahay indrindra manerantany izy ireo. |
24 | It's the same with someone who has smoked a lot of pot or maybe hasn't even tried it, either way they walk around acting like experts on drug laws. | Tahaka izany ihany koa ny amin'ny olona izay mpifoka rongony na angamba koa izay mbola tsy nanandrana izany, nefa dia tahaka ny manampahaizana manokana amin'ny lalànan'ny zava-mahadomelina izy ireo. |
25 | Lisa Sánchez, of the The Mexican Times, has come out in favor of the Court's decision. | Lisa Sánchez, ao amin'ny The Mexican Times, kosa nankato ny fanapahan-kevitry ny fitsarana. |
26 | She explains why: | Nanazava ny antony izy: |
27 | So why is this ruling important and why should it be ratified? | Nahoana ity didim-pitsarana ity no zava-dehibe ary nahoana no tokony hankatoavina? |
28 | First, because the project is a golden opportunity to inject a human rights perspective into drug policy and to recognize that prohibition subjects people to an unnecessarily punitive regime-one that abrogates the full exercise of their rights. | Voalohany, satria fotoana mety indrindra hampidirana ny fomba fijerin'ny zon'olombelona amin'ny politikan'ny zava-mahadomelina ny tetikasa ary hanaiky fa ny fandraràna dia mahatonga ny olona ho voasazy tsy amin'ny antony - izay manafoana ny fampiasana feno ny zon'izy ireo. |
29 | Second, because the jurisprudence presented by Justice Zaldivar recognizes the state's obligation to ensure public health while at the same time limiting its ability to interfere in the private lives of individuals, effectively treating them like adults. | Faharoa, satria ny didim-pitsarana nataon'ny Mpitsara Zaldivar dia manaiky ny adidin'ny fanjakana hiantoka ny fahasalamam-bahoaka sady koa mametra ny fahafahany hitsabaka amin'ny fiainana manokan'ny olona tsirairay, mandray azy ireo tokoa ho olon-dehibe. |
30 | On social networks like Twitter, debate about the issue emerged quickly and shows no signs of ending. | Tao amin'ny tambajotra sosialy tahaka ny Twitter, nipoitra haingana ny adihevitra tsy mety tapitra amin'ity raharaha ity. |
31 | For instance, Catalina Hernández, a random Internet user, declared herself opposed to the legislation: | Ohatra, Catalina Hernández, mpiserasera aterineto nalaina kisendrasendra, nilaza tena fa manohitra ny lalàna: |
32 | Good for the Justices, let's hope they don't legalize marijuana. | Tsara ho an'ireo Mpitsara, andao antenaina fa tsy hahatonga ho ara-dalàna ny rongony raviny izy ireo. |
33 | It is danger to the health of our children. | Loza ho an'ny fahasalaman'ny zanatsika izany. |
34 | Kique Hemphille, meanwhile, expressed a similar sentiment: | Naneho fihetseham-po tahaka izany ihany koa i Kique Hemphille: |
35 | Sorry but I don't agree with legalizing marijuana for recreational purposes. And if yes, there should be regulation against it. | Miala tsiny fa tsy miombo-kevitra amin'ny fanomezana ho ara-dalàna ny rongony noho ny antony fialam-boly aho Ary raha eny, dia tokony hisy lalàna manohitra izany. |
36 | Jurist Fabián Aguinaco shared comments about the Zaldívar resolution regarding the right to decide for oneself: | Nizara fanehoan-kevitra amin'ny fanapahan-kevitr'i Zaldivar amin'ny zony hanapa-kevitra ho azy ny Mpahay Lalàna Fabián Aguinaco: |
37 | When the freedom to choose dies, human society dies with it, and no rulebook or survey can change that. | Raha misafidy ho faty ny fahafahana, maty miaraka aminy ny fiarahamonin'olobelona, ary tsy misy bokin-dalàna na fikarohana afaka hanova izany |
38 | The actor Luis Gerardo Méndez sent the following message to his followers: | Nandefa ity hafatra manaraka ity tamin'ny mpanjohy azy ilay mpilalao sarihmihetsika Luis Gerardo Méndez : |
39 | Tomorrow could be a historic day. | Mety ho andro manan-tantara ny ampitso. |
40 | The @SCJN will debate the decriminalization of marijuana. | Hiady hevitra momba ny tsy fanamelohana ny rongony ny @SCJN. |
41 | Legalization is the beginning of the end of this war. | Ny fametrahana azy ho ara-dalàna no fiandohan'ny faran'ity ady ity. |
42 | The war Méndez is referring to is the current strategy used to combat organized crime, which the Mexican government has pursed since late 2006. | Ny ady lazain'i Méndez dia manondro ny paikady ampiasaina ankehitriny hiadiana amin'ny fikambanan-jiolahy, izay nenjehin'ny governemanta Meksikana hatramin'ny faramparan'ny taona 2006. |
43 | The strategy has sparked an internal armed conflict in which tens of thousands of people have died and many others disappeared. | Niteraka ady mitam-piadiana anatiny ny paikady ka olona an'aliny no namoy ny ainy ary maro hafa no nanjavona. |
44 | Given this backdrop, the decision taken by Mexico's highest judicial authority marks a turning point in the country's evaluation of laws and public policy governing narcotics, especially in light of recent state initiatives to decriminalize personal use of marijuana in the United States. | Manoloana izany toe-draharaha izany, manamarika fiovana eo amin'ny fivoaran'ny lalàna sy ny politikam-panjakana mifehy ny zava-mahadomelina ao amin'ny firenena ny fanapahan-kevitra noraisin'ny manampahefana ara-pitsarana ambony indrindra ao Meksika, indrindra mikasika ny tetikasam-panjakana vao haingana tsy hanameloka ny fampiasana manokana ny rongony raviny ao Etazonia. |
45 | The issue is hardly resolved, however, and many questions remain. | Zara raha voavaha ny olana, na izany aza, ary mbola maro ireo fanontanina mipetraka. |
46 | Does the Supreme Court of Justice have the fortitude to lead the country in this new direction? | Manana herimpo hitarika ny firenena ao anatin'izany tari-dalana vaovao izany ve ny Fitsarana Tampony ? |
47 | Or will it be muzzled by the traditional punitive approach that unleashed the war in the first place? | Sa hampanginin'ny fomba fanasaziana nentim-paharazana izay mamotsotra ny ady hahazo ny toerana voalohany? |