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1 | Nigeria: Oil Wealth Flows, Hunger Persists | Nizeria: Noana Foana Na Dia Mitobaka Aza Ny Solika |
2 | This post was commissioned as part of a Pulitzer Center/Global Voices Online series on Food Insecurity. These reports draw on multimedia reporting featured on the Pulitzer Gateway to Food Insecurity and bloggers discussing the issues worldwide. | Iray amin'ny andian-dahatsoratra nampanaovin'ny Pulitzer Center sy ny Global Voices Online ity lahatsoratra vakianao etoana ity hiresahana amin'ny alalan'ny haino aman-jery isan-karazany (multimedia) ny famakafakana ataon'ny Pulitzer Gateway to Food Insecurity (Vavahadin-tserasera momba ny tsy fahampian-tsakafo)sy ny adihevitry ny mpamaham-bolongana maneratany momba azy ity. |
3 | Share your own story on food insecurity here. | Zarao ato ihany koa ny tantaranao momba ny tsy fahampian-tsakafo. |
4 | As the BP oil spill in the U.S. Gulf of Mexico and its aftermath continue to make headlines, the catastrophe has also brought a little global media attention to the oil-related woes in another country-Nigeria. | Raha mbola mihanaka ao amin'ny helodranon'i Meksika sy miseho ho lohateny lehibe amin'ny gazety hatrany ny soliky ny BP Amerikana (Etazonia), dia nisy loza nanintona kely ny fampahalalam-baovao manerantany ihany koa any amin'ny firenena iray hafa-Nizeria. |
5 | Africa's most populous country, Nigeria is among the 10 biggest exporters of oil globally and the largest oil producer in Africa. | Firenena Afrikana be mponina indrindra ary iray ao anatin'ny 10 mpanondrana solika be indrindra manerantany i Nizeria ary izy ihany koa no mpitrandraka voalohany ity solika ity eto Afrika. |
6 | Since oil was discovered off Nigeria's coast in the 1970s, it has become a major source of wealth. | Lasa loharanon-karena goavana ho azy ny solika hatramin'ny nahitana azy tamin'ny moron-dranomasin'i Nizeria nandritra ny taompolo 1970. |
7 | Oil accounts for 90 percent of Nigeria's exports and over 80 percent of government revenue. | Mameno 90 isanjaton'ny fanondranan'entan'i Nizeria sy mahasahana ny mihoatra ny 80 isanjaton'ny fidiram-bolan'ny governemanta nizeriana io solika io. |
8 | Niger Delta Oil Disaster, Photo by Socialist Youth League of Norway on Flickr (CC-BY-ND) | Voina nateraky ny fianahan'ny solika eo amin'ny vinanin'i Niger, Saripikan'ny Ligin'ny tanora sosialista ao Norvezy ao amin'ny Flickr (CC-BY-ND) |
9 | But these oil riches have not been accompanied by economic prosperity nor food security for the majority of the country's population. | Saingy tsy niaraka tamin'izany loharanon-karena avy amin'ny solika izany ny firoboroboan'ny toekarena na ny fahatomombanana ara-tsakafo ho an'ny ankabeazan'ny mponina ao an-toerana. |
10 | Earlier this year, preparations took place in northern Nigeria for anticipated food shortages, due to severe water shortages, plummeting livestock prices and rising grain costs. | Vao tsy ela akory izay tamin'ity taona ity dia niomana amin'ny mety tsy hisian'ny sakafo ny any amin'ny faritra avaratr'i Nizeria, noho ny tsy fisian-drano namely dia namely tokoa, ka nampihena vetivety ny isan'ny biby fiompy sy nampiakatra avo dia avo ny vidin'ny voamaina. |
11 | On his blog, Nigerian Joachim Ibeziako Ezeji, a sustainable development professional, elaborates on those impacted by these types of shortages. | Ao amin'ny bolongany ilay Nizeriana Joachim Ibeziako Ezeji, manampahaizana manokana momba ny fampandrosoana maharitra, no mamehy ny fiantraikan'ny itony karazana tsy fahampiana itony. |
12 | “Nigeria, a former agrarian nation, abandoned agriculture in the early 1980s when the government refocused the economy on oil exploration… Sadly, the bulk of this revenue is stolen by politicians and their cronies. | Nandao ny sehatry ny fambolena ny firenena Nizeriana, izay firenena niompana tamin'ny fambolena taloha, nandritra ny taompolo 1980 ka nampifantoka ny toekareny tamin'ny fitrandrahana solika…Indrisy moa fa nangalarin'ny mpanao politika sy ny mpiray tsikombakomba aminy ny ankamaroan'izany fidiram-bola izany. |
13 | The consequence is that today, according to the agriculture ministry, 91 million Nigerians representing 65 percent of the country's population are food insecure.” | Vokatr'izany, araka ny nambaran'ny minisiteran'ny fambolena, tsizarizary ny sakafon'ny Nizeriana 91 tapitrisa mandrafitra ny 65 isanjaton'ny mponina ao. |
14 | Nigeria had a strong agricultural base before the oil boom, but throughout the years its big farms and plantations have been neglected. | Natanjaka dia natanjaka ny fambolena nizeriana nialoha ny nampalaza ny solika, saingy nandritra ny taona maro izay dia noadinoina tanteraka ny toeram-pambolena goavana maro. |
15 | Journalist David Hecht, who wrote a series on the hunger crisis in Nigeria supported by the Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting, says that about 90 percent of Nigeria's agricultural output today comes from inefficient small farms. | Nosoratan'ilay mpanao gazety David Hecht izay manokana andian-dahatsoratra momba ny krizy ara-tsakafo ao Nizeria tohanan'ny Pulitzer Center on Crisis Reporting (Ivotoerana Pulitzer fitaterana momba ny krizy) fa ny 90 isanjaton'ny vokatry ny fambolena nizeriana ankehitriny dia avy amin'ny toeram-pambolena sy fiompiana kely tsy dia manao ahoana. |
16 | Most farmers have little or no access to modern technology like fertilizers and irrigation. | Tsy mahazo na mahazo fa bitika ihany amin'ny teknolojia maoderina tahaka ny zezika sy ny fitarihan-drano ny ankamaroan'ny tantsaha. |
17 | As a result, Nigeria has become one of the world's biggest importers of food staples, particularly rice and wheat. | Avy amin'izany no mahatonga an'i Nizeria ho iray amin'ny firenena mpanafatra sakafo be indrindra manerantany, indrindra fa ny vary sy ny varimbazaha. |
18 | Even with these imports though, more than a quarter of Nigerians younger than 5 suffer from malnutrition. | Na dia eo aza ireo entana nohafarana ireo, mihoatra ny ampahaefatry ny zaza Nizeriana latsaky ny 5 taona no tratran'ny tsy fahampiantsakafo. |
19 | The country's oil industry, which is primarily located in the Niger Delta, has also become a source of conflict, corruption and human rights abuses. | Lasa fototry ny fifandirana, kolikoly ary ny fanitsakitsahana ny zon'olombelona isan-karazany ny orinasam-pitrandrahana solika, indrindra fa ny eo amin'ny vinanin'i Niger. |
20 | An Amnesty International report released last year examined these consequences, as well as the environmental fallout from the industry. | Nanadihady ny fiantraikan'izany toe-javatra izany ny tatitry ny Amnesty International nivoaka tamin'ny herintaona, sy ny fanimbana ny tontolo iainana avy amin'ireo orinasa ireo. |
21 | The Deepwater Horizon explosion earlier this year has also drawn attention to the environmental damage caused by oil spills, including spills in the Niger Delta. Some media report that more oil is spilled in the Niger Delta every year than has been lost in the Gulf of Mexico. | Nahasarika ny maro hijery ny fahapotehana ateraky ny fianahan'ny solika eo amin'ny tontolo iainana, tafiditra amin'izany ihany koa ny fianahan'ny solika misy any amin'ny Vinanin'i Niger, ny fipoahana nahazo ny Deepwater Horizonvao tsy ela akory izay. maromaro manko ny fampitam-baovao no mitatitra fa betsaka kokoa ny mianaka ao amin'ny Vinan'i Niger isan-taona noho izay very tao amin'ny helodranon'i Meksika. |
22 | These spills cause pollution that severely affects surrounding communities by decreasing fish stocks and contaminating water supplies and arable land. | Mahatonga fandotoana ny izay mamely mafy ny mponina manodidina izany amin'ny alalan'ny fihenan'ny tahirin-trondro sy ny fahalotoan'ny rano fisotro mbamin'ny fihenan'ny tany azo ambolena. |
23 | A post on the blog Niger Delta Unrest chronicles a protest last year against the lack of action by Shell and the Nigerian government following a large offshore spill. | Mitantara ny fihetsiketseham-panoherana tamin'ny herintaona noho ny tsy fandraisan'i Shell miaraka amin'ny fitondrana Nizeriana andraikitra ny bolongana Niger Delta Unrest. |
24 | People from the affected community in Bodo spoke of their grievances: | Mitantara ny alahelony ny mponina tra-boina avy ao Bodo: |
25 | “They detailed how there was widespread hunger and thirst in the community: all the fish had been killed, the water contaminated, access to the creeks blocked and the ground-soil polluted and crops poisoned. | Notantarain-dry zareo tamin'ny antsipiriany fa nahery ny hanoanana sy ny hetaheta tao amin'ity fokonolona ity: maty avokoa ny trondro, voaloto ny rano, voasakana ny ranon'ny ony ary voapoizina ny rano ambanin'ny tany sy ny vokatra. |
26 | One woman presented a meager basket of cassava meant to feed her family for a week. | Nasehon'ny vehivavy iray ny haron-kely misy mangahazo ho entina mamelona ny fianakaviany mandritra ny herinandro. |
27 | It was only enough for one person. | Zara fa mahavoky olona iray izany. |
28 | Another woman pushed forward and said her eight year old son had died of hunger… A higher up in the Youth Council, the same one who had been interpreting, told of his frustrations and how he felt control slipping out of his hands. | Nandroso koa ny vehivavy iray ary nilaza fa matin'ny hanohanana ny zanany lahy vao taona… Mpitarika iray ao amin'ny vaomieran'ny tanora, ilay mandika teny izay lazain'ny olona ihany, no nilaza ny fangidiam-panahiny milaza fa tsy voafehiny intsony ny toe-draharaha. |
29 | He said it was getting impossible to calm the youth in the town and that he was sure some of them would slip into militancy and armed action. | Nolazainy fa tsy laitra tonena intsony ny tanora an-tanan-dehibe ka mikororosy mankany amin'ny fanaovana milisy ny hetsika mitam-piadiana. |
30 | ‘A hungry man is an angry man,' he said.” | ‘Lasa olo-tezitra ny olona noana' hoy ny filazany. |
31 | Randal Maurice Jelks, blogging on The Black Bottom Blog in the United States, says that people in Nigeria and the Gulf coast of Louisiana have more in common than many would think: | Randal Maurice Jelks, mamaham-bolongana ao amin'ny The Black Bottom Blog avy any Etazonia, no niteny fa tokony hieritreritra ny maro satria misy itovitovizany ny manjò ny mponina ao Nizeria sy ny tany amoron-dranomasin'ny helodranon'i Louisiana: |
32 | “For years, the state of Louisiana has permitted oil companies to have the loosest of regulation-a wink and a nod instead of enforced laws. | Efa an-taonany ny fanjakan'i Louisiana no manana lalàna mamela malalaka ny orinasan-tsolika (hanao izay tiany atao) - manao pi-maso sy miatokato-doha fa tsy mampihatra ny lalàna. |
33 | As result many African Americans, like the Ogoni people of Nigeria, who live in the Gulf region have been most affected by what is called Cancer Alley. | Vokatr'izany dia maro ny Afrikana Amerikana, tahaka ny Ogoni-an'i Nizeria, miaina manamorona iny helodrano iny no tratran'ny antsoina hoe Homamiadan'i Alley. |
34 | The pollutants from chemical and oil production have poisoned both their lands and bodies for years, like the Ogoni people these Black and poor people were ignored. | Manapoizina ny taniny sy ny tenany an-taonany maro ny fako shimika sy ny solika vokatra, tahaka ny Ogoni dia tsy noraharahiana koa ireo mainty hoditra mahantra ireo. |
35 | The Louisiana state government like the Nigerian government left the oil companies to their own devices-laissez faire.” | Avelan'ny fanjakan'i Louisiana, tahaka ny governemanta Nizeriana ihany koa, manao izay danin'ny kibony ny orinasan-tsolika. |
36 | An analysis in the Nigerian newspaper Vanguard by Peter Osadalor says that the World Bank coined the term “Nigerian Paradox” specifically to describe the extreme underdevelopment and poverty in a country brimming with resources and potential. | Ao amin'ny lahatsoratra fanadihadiana navoakan'ny gazety nizeriana Vanguard nosoratan'i Peter Osadalor no nahitana fa namorona ny voambolana hoe “Fifanoheran-javatra Nizeriana” ny Banky Mondialy indrindra raha mahita ny fahatrarana aoriana sy ny fahantrana lalina mianjady amin'ny firenena manoloana ny harena voajanahary mitobaka ao amin'ny firenena. |
37 | Bloggers have proposed various solutions to this paradox, from stricter regulation of oil companies to better leadership to decreasing reliance on imported crops. | Nanolotra vahaolana maro dia maro ny mpamaham-bolongana, manomboka amin'ny fametrahana lalàna henjana kokoa momba ny orinasan-tsolika mandalo ny fanatsarana ny fampiofanana ny mpitarika ka hatramin'ny fampihenana ny fiankinan-doha amin'ny fanafarana entana. |
38 | Hecht, in his article series, says that even though Nigeria faces a serious food security threat, the country has enough fertile land to feed itself and much of the region if its oil wealth is invested more wisely. | Milaza kosa i Hecht, ao amin'ny lahatsorany fa na dia miatrika ny mety ho krizy ara-tsakafo goavana aza i Nizeria, dia manana tany lonaka ampy hamelomany tena ny firenena sy ny ankamaroan'ny faritra raha tsara zara ny vola azy avy amin'ny solika. |
39 | Afolabi Taiwo Okunola, in a post submitted for a youth essay competition on the Youngstars Foundation's blog, comes to a similar conclusion, saying that refocusing on agriculture is key: | Tahaka izany ihany koa tsy tsoa-kevitr'i Afolabi Taiwo Okunola, tao amin'ny lahatsoratra iray nampifaninanana ao amin'ny bolongan'ny Youngstars Foundation, milaza fa ny fiverenana indray amin'ny fambolena no fanalahidiny: |
40 | “If the Nigerian government can be dedicated and devoted to the course of agricultural, many problems like inadequate supply of food, high expenses of the food supply will become outdated. | Raha afaka mifofotra sy mampiasa vola ho amin'ny fambolena ny fitondrana nizeriana, dia ho lany daty avy hatrany ireny olana maro tahaka ireny tsy fahampiana sy ny fahalafosan'ny sakafo ireny. |
41 | The level of unemployment among Nigerian graduates will reduce because many graduates will be gainfully employed. | Hihena ny Nizeriana manana diplaoma tsy m anana asa ary maro amin'ireny nandrato fahalalana ireny no ho tsara karama. |
42 | In this vein, agricultural produce will increase because mechanized farming will be used and Nigerian exporting earnings will increase…The quest for power, gross looting of the national treasury by the greedy politicians will reduce to a certain extent because many people will realize that it is not only oil that can give a nation money but that agriculture too is important in that aspect. | Ao anatin'izay petrakevitra izay dia hitombo ny voka-mpambolena noho ny fampiasana ny mili-mpamokarana goavana ary hitombo tahaka izany ihany koa ny vola miditra avy amin'ny fambolena. Hihena ampahany ihany koa ny fitadiavam-pahefana (fitondrana), izay fototry ny fandrobana ny fananam-pirenena ataon'ireo mpanao politika tendan-kanina satria ho tsapan'ny olona fa tsy ny solika irery no loharanom-bola fa manana ny lanjany ihany koa ny vokatry ny fambolena. |
43 | Therefore, the wicked struggle, killing and wanton destruction of lives and property in order to get to the position of authority in Nigeria will reduce. | Avy amin'izany ihany koa no hihenan'ny famonoana olona sy ny fandravana fananana, ao anaty tolom-pitadiavam-pahefana any Nizeria. |
44 | In a very short time, Nigeria will become a citadel in which other countries will have to come and learn from.” | Afaka fotoana fohy monja dia ho lasa toerana ifamonjena hianaran'ny firenen-kafa i Nizeria. |
45 | Thanks to Eremipagamo Amabebe for help finding Nigerian blogs. | Ankasitrahana i Eremipagamo Amabebe tamin'ny fitadiavana bolongana Nizeriana. |