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1Brazil: Rio de Janeiro Demands Better SanitationBrezila : Mangataka Fivoaran'ny Fanadiovana Ny Mponina Ao Rio
2[All links lead to sites in Portuguese unless otherwise stated.][Mitondra mankany amin'ny teny tranonkala miteny portioge ny rohy rehetra raha tsy misy fanamarihana mifanohitra]
3Sanitation is one of the central issues that will be addressed in the regional hackathon [en] Developing Latin America [en] on December 1 and 2, 2012.Iray amin'ireo olana fototra izay horesahana mandritra ny hackathon-m-paritra Fampandrosoana an'i Amerika Latina ny 1 sy 2 Desambra 2012 ny fanadiovana. Misy tetikasa iray any Brezila izay azo hakàna aingam-panahy ho fampandrosoana sehatra vaovao.
4The work of one particular project in Brazil could serve as inspiration for the development of new platforms. The initiative Sanitation is Basic! is part of the nonprofit organisation Meu Rio (My Rio) dedicated to civic participation through technology.Ny Tetikasa Saneamentro é Básico [Filàna fototra ny Fahadiovana] dia ao anatin'ny asan'ny Fikambanana tsy mikatsaka tombontsoa “Meu Rio” (Rio-ko), natokana indrindra ho fandraisana anjaran'ireo olom-pirenena amin'ny resaka fahaiza-miaina ampiasàna ny Haitao avo lenta.
5According to the organisation, “half the population in Rio de Janeiro is still without mains water and sewerage”. This accounts for nearly 3 million citizens who are “[obliged] to drink dirty water or throw sewage directly into the rivers, lakes and beaches of this wonderful city”.Araky ny voalazan'io fikambanana io : “Ny antsasaky ny mponina ao Rio de Janiero hatramin'izao dia tsy mbola manana rano sy famoahan-drano maloto”, izay mitontaly eo ho olom-pirenena 3 tapitrasa eo ho eo, izay voatery hisotro rano maloto na hanary ny rano nampiasaina avy hatrany eny amin'ny renirano, na manipy mivantana ny rano maloto eny anaty farihy na eny amin'ireo renirano sy torapasik'ity Tanàna Mahafinaritra ity”.
6Meu Rio has launched an online petition accompanied by the video “Eu quero 100% de #saneamentoparaorio” (I want 100% sanitation for Rio), which presents the problems of everyday life that the people of Rio have to put up with:Meu Rio dia nandefa fannangonan-tsonia an-tserasera, miaraka amin'ny laharatsary anankiray “Eu quero 100% de #saneamentoparaorio” [Mila fanadiovana 100% ho an'i Rio aho], izay maneho ny olana andavanandro tsy maintsy atrehan'ireo vahoaka ao Rio.
7http://vimeo.com/47526252Vokatry ny “kôkôty minitra”
8Pressure Cooker One of the platforms of Meu Rio, the Pressure Cooker, has made it possible for any citizen or social movement to create their own popular pressure campaigns, as the website explains:Iray amin'ireo vovonan'i Meu Rio, ny Panela de Pressão (Vilany kôkôty minitra) no manome fahafahana hanangana izay fanentanana fanerem-bahoaka ho azy avy ho an'ny olom-pirenena rehetra na ireo hetsim-piaraha-monina maro isan-karazany, toy ny hazavain'ny habaka aterineto eto :
9The recipe is simple: you point out a problem, then call on other people who want the same change to directly put pressure on politicians, businessmen and public officials, by email, Twitter or Facebook.Tsotra ny fanaovana azy: Asongadino ny olana, asao ireo karazan'olona mitovy tanjona aminao mba hanerena avy hatrany ireo mpanao politika, ireo mpitantana orinasa, ireo mpiasam-panjakana, amin'ny alalan'ny mailaka, Twitter na Facebook.
10Campaigns related to sanitation problems in Rio de Janeiro have been no exception.Tsy mivaona amin'izany ireo fanentanana mikasika ny olana momba ny fahadiovana any Rio de Janeiro.
11One exposes the problem of sewage spill on São Conrado Beach.Ny iray amin'ireny dia manindrahindra ny olana momba ny fihoaran'ireo zohindriaka eny amin'ny torapasiky São Conrado.
12The campaign, launched by the movement Salvemos São Conrado (which also has a blog and its own Facebook page with over 2,500 followers), points to an analysis of the water quality of the beaches of Rio, made by INEA (the State Environmental Institute) and indicates: The Secretary of State for the Environment, Mr Carlos Minc, created the Law 2661/96 on December 27, 1996.Ilay fanentanana, nataon'ny mpanao fihetsiketsehana Salvemos São Conrado [Andao hovonjena St Conrad] izay manana ny bilaoginy manokana sy ny pejy Facebook misy mpanjohy maherin'ny 2.500, dia miantehitra amin'ny fanadihadihana mikasika ny kalitaon'ny rano eny amin'ireo torapasik'i Rio, nataon'i INEA (Instituto Estadual do Ambiente) [Ivon-toeram-paritra momba ny Tontolo Iainana].
13This law requires minimum levels of waste water treatment before it is released into bodies of water, so that there are no risks to human health or the environment, but it allows such defiance by these institutions and colludes with the neglect of the people of Rio and the environment.Fanadihadiana izay milaza hoe: Ny Sekreteram-panjakana misahana ny Tontolo Iainana, Carlos Minc no nipoiran'ilay Lalàna laharana 2661/96 tamin'ny 27 desambra 1996, izay manery ny hisian'ny fetra farafahakeliny amin'ny fikarakarana ny rano avy nampiasaina ao an-tokatrano alohan'ny hanariana azy, mba tsy hisy fiantraikany amin'ny fahasalamam-bahoaka sy ny tontolo iainana izany.
14In spite of the promise of the State Environmental Department to eliminate pollution from the beaches, Salvemos São Conrado describes the current situation in a worrying way:Ankilan'izay koa anefa, io lalàna io ihany dia manome alàlana ireo ivon-toerana hihoa-pefy, ka hitampi-maso amin'ny fanaovana zinona ireo mponina carioca sy ny tontolo iainana”.
15Na dia teo aza ny fampanantenana nataon'ny Sekreteram-panjakana misahana ny Tontolo Iainanan'i Rio de Janeiro hanafoana ny fandotoana moron-dranomasina, Salvemos São Conrado mamariparitra ny zava-misy amin'izao fotoana amin'ny fomna iray mampieritreritra :
16“Salvemos São Conrado” CampaignFanentanana “Salvemos São Conrado”
17We have several black tongues that invade our beaches during periods of rain, but what is more appalling is the deliberate discharge of all sewage produced in [the slum] Rocinha (…) since the time of the Garotinho government.Feno lelamainty manemitra ny tora-pasitsika mandritra ny fotoanan'ny orana, fa ny tena mahasosotra indrindra, dia ny fanariana ankitsirano be zao ny rano avy nampiasaina tao Favela ao Rocinha (…) hatramin'ny fony fitondran'ny Governora Garotinho.
18(…) At the same time a treatment plant that would treat the waste water before reaching the beach was created, but the “Rio Águas”, which is responsible for the station, does not do its work and dumps all the sewage “in natura” through this culvert.(…) Tamin'izany fotoana zany koa no nanamboarana ilay fotodrafitrasa hikarakarana ny rano avy nampiasaina alohan'ny hanariana azy any amin'ny moron-dranomasina, nefa Rio Aguas, tomponandraikitr'ilay toby, tsy manao ny asany ka mamarina ny rano avy nampiasaina eny rehetra eny.”
19Through Pressure Cooker, 415 direct messages have already been sent demanding “access to the complete technical project planned for the elimination of pollution on São Conrado beach, and [a guarantee] that the work will begin immediately” to the respective people in charge: the president of the Companhia Estadual de Águas e Esgotos (State Company of Water and Sewerage, CEDAE), Wagner Victer, the municipal secretary for the Environment, Carlos Alberto Muniz, the Secretary of State for the Environment, Carlos Minc, and the Foundation Institute of the Waters of the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Rio Águas.Noho i Panela de Pressão, dia hafatra mivantana 141 no efa lasa, izay nanery “ny fahafahana hanangana vinavinana atrikasa teknika feno anankiray ho fanadiovana ny moron-dranomasin'i São Conrado, ary [hiantohana ny hoe] hanomboka izao dia izao ny asa”. Izany hafatra izany dia nalefa any amin'ireto tompon'andraikitra ireto: Wagner Victer, Filohan'ny CEDAE (Companhia Estadual de Águas e Esgotos) [Kompaniam-panjakanan'i Rio de Janeiro momba ny rano sy ny rano matolo], Carlos Alberto Muniz, Lefitra Monisipaly mikarakara ny tontolo iainana, i Carlos Minc, Sekreteram-panjakana misahana ny Tontolo Iainana ao Rio de Janeiro, ary i Rio Aguas, Fundação Instituto das Águas do Município do Rio de Janeiro [“Fondation” Ivon-toerana momba ny ranon'ny tananan'i Rio de Janeiro].
20Another connected case reported on the site by journalist Guilherme Ramalho is that of the pollution in Guanabara Bay:Ilay Mpanao gazety Guilherme Ramalho dia mitatitra amintsika toe-java-mitranga iray sahala amin'izany ihany koa mikasika ny loton'ny Hoalan'i Guanabara.
21“Put an End to Pollution in Guanabara Bay!” in the Pressure CookerFanentanana “Loton'ny Hoalan'i Guanabar, tsy hisy intsony!” ao amin'ny tranonkalan'i Panela de Pressão
22The Programme for the Elimination of Pollution in Guanabara Bay (PDBG) was announced in Eco+92.Ny Fandaharan'Asa Fanadiovana ny Hoalan'i Guanabara (PDBG) dia nosokafana nandritra ny Eco+92.
23It commenced in 1994, but was never completed.Nanomboka ny taona 1994 ny asa, nefa tsy nety vita hatramin'ny farany ilay tetikasa.
24In two decades, the cleaning of Guanabara Bay has seen six different governments and cost R$1. 5 billion [£460 million, USD $733 million] in resources.Tanatin'ny 20 taona, dia efa nifindrafindra tam-pelatanananà governera 6 ny fanadiovana ny Hoalan'i Guanabara ary nandaniana hatramin'ny 1,5 lavitrisa Reais.
25The sewage is still thrown in the bay with virtually no treatment.Mitohy hatrany ny famarinana ireo rano maloto ao amin'ny Hoala izay tsy misy fikarakarana mihitsy.
26Now the PSAM (Environmental Sanitation Programme of Municipalities Surrounding Guanabara Bay) predicts costs of R$1. 13 billion [£347 million, USD $550 million] for sewerage and sanitation projects in the 15 municipalities surrounding the bay.Amin'izao fotoana izao ilay tetikasa vaovao PSAM, Fandaharan'asa Fanadiovana ny tontolo iainan' ireo tanana manamorona ny Hoalan'i Guanabara (Programa de Saneamento Ambiental dos Municípios do Entorno da Baía de Guanabara) dia maminavina teti-bola eo amin'ny 1,13 lavitrisa Reais ho fanatanterahana ireo atrikasa fikarakarana ny rano avy nampiasana tao an-tokatrano ary ho amin'ny tetikasa fanadiovana an'ireo tanàna miisa 15 manamorona ny Hoala.
27Looking for ways to ensure that the goal now set up for a “clean-up that has lasted over 20 years” is fulfilled by 2016 (the year the Olympic Games will take place in Rio), the campaign is putting pressure on the Secretary of State for the Environment, Carlos Minc, who up to now has received 115 replicas of the following message in his inbox:Mitady indrindra izay hiantohana ny fametrahana ireny vahaolana napetraka ireny hitondra “fanadiovana haharitra mihaotra ny 20 taona”, ary ho tontosa any amin'ny taona 2016, taonan'ireo Lalao Olampika any Rio, ilay fanentanana dia manery an'i Carlos Minc, Sekreteram-panjakana misahana ny Tontolo Iainan'i Rio de Janeiro, izay naharay dika 99 amin'ity hafatra manaraka ity tao amin'ny baotiny:
28We want the Secretary of State for the Environment to give us a timeline with annual targets for the PSAM so that the people, the universities and the media are able to monitor and ensure the success of the depollution.Mirary indrindra izahay fa hamoaka ny tetiandro hanaovana ny asa sy ireo enti-manana ilain'ny Fandaharan'Asa PSAM mandritry ny taona ny Sekreteram-panjakana misahana ny Tontolo Iainana, mba hahafahan'ny mponina, ny Anjerimanontolo ary ny Tontolon'ny fanaovan-gazety manara-maso sy miantoka ny fahombiazan'ity fanadiovana ity.
29“We do not want increased water rates!” created by Nalva Pinheiro, resident of the neighbourhood ColégioFanentanana “Tsy ilainay ny fampiakarana ny vidin-drano!” nataon'i Nalva Pinheiro, mponina ao amin'ny faritr'i Colégio.
30A campaign that has already ended, and that despite not having achieved the outlined objective attracted a lot of media attention, denounced a series of problems in the services provided by CEDAE in a video, and demanded the cancellation of the increase in water rates of between 10 and 14%, “until the problems with the service are resolved”:Na dia tsy nahatratra ny tanjona voalohany nokendreny aza, dia nanintona ny tontolon'ny fanaovan-gazety ny fanentanana anankiray izay vao avy nifarana indrindra. Izy io dia miampanga ao anaty lahatsary anankiray andian'olana mikasika ireo asa ataon'ny CEDEA, ary mitaky ny hanafoanana ny fiakaram-bidin'ny rano ho 10 hatramin'ny 14%, “raha mbola tsy voavaha ny olana”:
31It is an abuse to have to pay a higher price from one day to the next, given that the service is terrible.Tena fanararaotana ny mandoa lafo isan'andro, nefa mihena hatrany ny kalitaon'ny tolotra.
32The accounts are wrong, they turn off our water without explanation, the water is often dirty, and it is very difficult to talk to them on the phone to fix the problems.Diso ny lazam-bidy, tapahan-dry zareo tsy misy fampilazana ny rano, matetika dia maloto ny rano, ary sarotra ny miresaka amin'izy ireo an-tariby amin'ny fitadiavam-bahaolana.
33We are treated badly every time we try, not to mention that many people receive water bills without having water at home, and they have to pay the bill so they don't get a bad name.Isaky ny manandrana izahay dia tsy mba voakarakara tsara akory. Tsy resahana intsony ireo olona zay nahazo lazam-bidy nefa ny rano aza tsy tonga akory ao antokatranony, nefa dia tsy maintsy aloha izany mba tsy ho tafiditra anisan'ireo ao anaty lisitra mainty”.
34Nearly 2,200 messages were sent to the Ombudsman to the President of CEDAE, but according to the text of the petition mentioned above, he replied that “the increase will not be reviewed because there exists a decree that was signed 12 years ago that says that CEDAE can increase the water rates without passing through the sieve of an agency that ensures the quality of service and the need to readjust the price”.Ny tena marina dia hafatra 2.200 no nalefa tany amin'i Ouvidoria sy ny Filohan'ny CEDAE, nefa, araka ny lahatsoratra fangatahana eo ambony io, dia namaly izy ireo fa “Tsy hiverina amin'ny resaka fisondrotam-bidy intsony izy satria efa nisy didim-panjakana anankiray voasonia 12 taona lasa izay ka nanome alalana ny CEDAE hanondrotra ny vidin-drano izay tsy mandalo fanaraha-mason'ireo masoivoho miantoka ny kalitaon'ny tolotra sy ny filàna manitsy ny vidy “.
35The petition launched by the Meu Rio cites the campaign of the citizens of Rio and addresses the Governor of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Sérgio Cabral, demanding the repeal of the decree 25.997/200 [pdf] which delegates power considered abusive by the organisation to the President of the CEDAE.Ny fangatahana nataon'i Meu Rio dia mitanisa ny fanentananà nataon'olom-pirenena carioca vavy anankiray. Io fanentanana io dia mitodika manokana amin'ny Governoram-panjakanan'i Rio de Janeiro, Sérgio Cabral, ary mitaky ny hanafoanana ny didim-panjakana 25.997/200 [pdf] izay nanolotra ny fahefana ho an'ny Filohan'ny CEDAE izay heverin'ny fikambanana ho feno fanararaotana.