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1Causes and Consequences of the Coup in MadagascarIreo antony sy ny vokatry ny fanonganam-panjakana taty Madagasikara
2After the power transfer that took place on March 17th in Madagascar, unrest is still growing strong in the island nation.Taorian'ny famindram-pahefana natao ny 17 martsa taty Madagasikara dia nihamafy hatrany ny korontana tao amin'ity nosy ity.
315,000 protested against the coup Saturday for the sixth consecutive day and have been tear-gassed by armed forces for three days straight.15 000 no isan'ny olona tsy nanaiky iny fanonganam-panjakana iny no nanamarika efa ho enina andro izao ary notifirin'ny miaramila tamin'ny baomba mandatsa-dranomaso efa ho 3 andro tsy an-kiato izao.
4Sunday, On March 28th, civil protesters were shot at and wounded by police forces, resulting in 34 wounded and a few unaccounted for.Ny 28 martsa dia mpanao fihetsiketsehana tsy nanaiky ny fanonganana no voatifitry ny mpitandro ny filaminana ka naratra, 34 no isany ary vitsivitsy tsy tena fantatra isa no manampy azy ireo.
5Stephen Ellis, co-author (with Solofo Randrianja) of Madagascar: A Short History, and professor at the Free Unversity of Amsterdam, explains the roots of the turmoil in Madagascar:Stephen Ellis, mpiara-manoratra amin'i Solofo Randrianja ao amin'ny Madagascar: A short Story (Madagasikara: Tantara fohy), sady mpampianatra ao amin'ny anjerimanontolo tsy miankina iray any Amsterdam, no manazava ny anton'ny korontana aty Madagisakara:
6Madagascar's instability derives in large part from the combination of extreme poverty (the fate of some 70% of its people) and the fact that the island has one of the world's highest birthrates (the population has increased from less than 3 million around 1900 to 6 million in 1960, to 20 million today).Ny antony nahatonga ny tsy filaminana dia vokatry ny fahantrana be loatra etsy an-daniny (70% ny mponina no mahantra) sy ny fiterahana be loatra etsy an-kilany. Io nosy io mantsy no anisan'ny manana taham-pahaterahana be indrindra manerana ny tany (nitombo be ny isan'ny mponina: 3 tapitrisa ny taona 1900, 6 tapitrisa ny 1960 ary 20 tapitrisa izy ankehitriny).
7The arrival of large numbers of young people every year looking to join the job market has created a volatile atmosphere in Antananarivo[..]Ny fitomboan'isan'ny tanora isan-taona mitady asa no namorona rivotra iainana tsy tena madio loatra tao Antananarivo… Voafidy fanindroany indray Ravalomanana ny taona 2006.
8Ravalomanana was elected to a second term in 2006. But even as president he continued to pursue his interests as one of the country's leading businessmen, and there is no doubt that this contributed greatly to his downfall [..]Kanefa na dia filoham-pirenena aza izy dia mbola nanohy nitady harena sy tombontsoa manokana ho azy ihany ary naneho tamin'ny fitantananay ny maha mpanao afera azy, ary tsy mahagaga raha nitarika ny fianjerany izany.
9He also made a grave error in negotiating with a South Korean company that wanted to lease an enormous agro-business concession to grow food for export.Nanao fahotana mahafaty koa izy tamin'ny nifanarahany tamin'ny Koreana Tatsimo izay nitady hanao fitadiavam-bola amin'ny tany hambolena sakafo haondrana.
10This raised fears over land tenure in a country where people are intensely attached to their ancestral landNitarika fahatahorana teo amin'ny olona izany, olona izay fantatra fa mifikitra mafy amin'ny tanin'ny razany.
11Ethan Zuckerman explains the relationship between the failed land deal with the South-Korean company Daewoo Logistics and the current unrest:Manazava ny fifandraisana nisy teo amin'ny fampanofana tany ny Daewoo, orinasa Koreana Tatsimo, sy ny korontana misy ankehitriny i Ethan Zuckerman:
12The Korean corporation recently signed an unprecedented agreement to lease 3.2 million acres of arable land from Madagascar at $12 an acre [..] Daewoo plans to put most of the land under corn for export to Korea and the remainder under oil palms, hoping to export the oil on the bio-fuels market.Vao tsy ela akory izay dia nanao sonia fifanarahana fampanofana tany mandritra ny fotoana tsy voafetra, tany mirefy 3.2 tapitrisa metatra tora-droa ny Koreana ary hofana $12 ny metatra tora-droa amin'izany tany izany… Noeritreretin'ny Koreana hambolena katsaka haondrana any aminy ny ankamaroan'io tany io ary ny ambiny kosa hanaovana menaka palma haondrana amin'ny tsenan'ny bio-fuel (enerjia avy amin'ny zava-maniry).
13This is a very odd deal, given that Madagascar is a nation that faces food insecurity and has a population that, for the most part, is composed of subsistence farmers[..] Given the ecological sensitivity of the island, it seems like untouched land might be a resource the nation would want to conserve in the long term.Fanomezana hafahafa izy ity satria mantsy i Madagasikara dia firenena mbola tsy mahavita tena ara-tsakafo, ary ambonin'izany rehetra izany dia fantatra fa tantsaha ny ankamaroan'ny mponina… Manoloana ny lafiny ekolojika ao amin'ny Nosy dia tahaka ny hoe ny tany tsy voakitika dia harena ho an'ny firenena mansritra ny fotoana ela.
14On March 17th, deposed president Marc Ravalomanana handed over power to a military committee so that a referendum on the state of the nation could be organized.Ny 17 martsa dia namindra ny fahefana tamin'ny miaramila ny filoha Ravalomanana ary ity fitondrana miaramila ity no hikarakara ny fitsapankevi-bahoaka.
15The then-opposition rejected that arrangement and power was transferred to the opposition leader Rajoelina.Tsy nanaiky izany fandaminana izany anefa ny mpanohitra ka nanome ny fahefana ho an'ny mpitarika azy ireo Rajoelina.
16Citing this rapid transfer of power, the new government argues they did not stage a coup, an opinion the international community does not share.Manoloana ity famindrana fahefana ity dia manambara ny governemanta fa tsy fanonganam-panjakana mihitsy no nataony, izay tsy hiombonan'ny fikambanam-be iraisam-pirenena hevitra aminy.
17U.S. Ambassador Niels Marquardt declared to Midi Madagasikara newspaper that he witnessed first-hand the use of military force and threats during the takeover (fr):Nanambara tao ami'ny gazety Midi Madagasikara ny masoivohon'i Etazonia miasa eto Madagasikara fa vavomombelona nanatri-maso ny fampiasana hery nataon'ny miaramila sy ny fandrahonana natao izy nandritra ny fanonganam-panjakana:
18I could see with my own eyes to what point coercion was used during the coup.Hitan'ny masoko hoe hatraiza ny fampiasana hery nataon'ny miaramila nandritra iny fanonganam-panjakana iny.
19I, myself, was threatened verbally at gunpoint. it is not normal that the military of a government threaten accredited diplomats in the country.Ary na dia izaho aza dia niharan'ny fandrahonana am-bava sy nambanana basy. Tsy azo ekena hoe miaramila an'ny governemanta iray no mandrahona ny masoivoho miasa eo amin'ny firenena.
20Here is a video of the events narrated by the US Amabassador:Indro ny sary maneho ny zavatra notantarain'ny masoivohon'i Etazonia teo:
21A few days later, several countries froze aid to Madagascar.Andro vitsivitsy taty aoriana dia firenena maro no nampiato ny fanampiany an'i Madagasikara.
22The pinch from this suspension of funds was felt almost immediately by many by entrepreneurs in Madagascar.Tonga dia nisy fiantraikany teo amin'ny mpandraharaha malagasy ity fanapahan-kevitra hampijanona ny famatsiam-bola ity.
23Andriatefihasina Hary wrote on the Facebook bulletin board entitled:” What do you fear about the suspension of international aid?Nanoratra tao amin'ny Facebook i Andriatefihasina Hary ary nomeny lohateny hoe: “Inona no hatahoranao manoloana ny fampihatoana ny fanampiana iraisam-pirenena?”
24(fr):(fr):
25Personally, I find the suspension of international aid worrisome.Ho ahy manokana dia olana goavana ny fampihatoana ny fanampiana avy any ivelany.
26For instance, we are currently working on a construction site financed by the World Bank.Ohatra fotsiny izao ny hoe manana asa vatsian'ny banque mondiale vola izahay.
27If they really are pulling out, we will have to fire everyone. Hary's example is only one of many.Ary raha mitombina ny hoe handeha ry zareo dia voatery tsy maintsy horoahina ny mpiasa rehetra.
28Eric Koller, head of Madagascar's hotel and restaurant federation explains to the BBC :Ohatra iray amin'ireo marobe iny an'i Hary iny.
29Eighty per cent of hotels are closing and the provinces have been especially hard hit.Manazava ao amin'ny BBC i Eric Koller mpitantana toeram-pisakafoanana sy fandraisam-bahiny:
30Most hotels have reduced staff by 50%, and some have laid off all staff without pay.80% ny trano fandraisam-bahiny no mikatona ary mitondra ny mafy amin'izany ny any amin'ny faritany.
31Even Madagascar's biodiversity is now facing urgent threats. Revkin on the New York Times Dot Earth blog explains that Marojejy National Park, famous for its endangered species, is now being invaded by loggers and its director threatened.Revkin, mpitoraka bilaogy ao amin'ny New York Times Dot Earth no manazava fa ny valan-javaboahary ao Marijejy, malaza amin'ny biby tsy fahita firy sady arovana, no rakotry ny trosa ankehitriny ary matahotra mafy ny mpitantana azy.
32March 28th may turn out to be another turning point in the enduring crisis in Madagascar.Ny 28 martsa no kihon-dalana vaovao lalovan'ny krizy eto Madagasikara.
33Videos taken during the demonstration against the coup show that police dispersed the crowd by firing on protestors and using tear gas (fr):Indro ny sary mampiseho ny fihetsiketsehana manohitra ny fanonganam-panjakana ary mampiseho ireo miaramila manaparitaka azy ireo amin'ny tifitra sady mampiasa baomba mandatsa-dranomaso(fr):
34A protester named Razily carrying a Malagasy flag has struck the imagination of the Malagasy blogosphere.Ilay mpanao fihetsiketsehana antsoina hoe Razily, milanja ny sainam-pirenena Malagasy, no nomarihan'ireo mpitoraka bilaogy manokana.
35He was filmed marching towards the armed forces alone, while bullets hit the ground around him until he was eventually pushed into a van by the police.Nalaina sary izy raha iny izy irery iny nanantona ireo miaramila, bala maro no nipoaka manodidina azy, mandrapanosiky ny miaramila azy tao anaty fiarabe.
36A video of Razily was also posted on the New York Post:Naseho tao amin'ny New York Post koa ity sarin-dRazily ity:
37Razily facing police March 28th (via topmada.com)Razily manoloana ireo pôlisy ny 28 martsa (via topmada.com)
38Many twitterers reacted to Razily's act of bravery.Maro tamin'ireo mpanoratra twitter no nilaza fa be herim-po Razily.
39Hery notes (fr):Hoy Hery(fr):
40A courageous protester is arrested by military in MadagascarMpanao fihetsiketsehana be herim-po nosamborin'ny miaramila
41TJ writes that the video has a familiar feel to it:Nanoratra i TJ ary nilaza fa ny sary mihetsika no mahazatra rehefa tahaka itony:
42video from #madagascar : man (alone) w/ a malagasy flag arrested by military force, scene reminiscent of tiananmen square.Sary mihetsika avy any Madagasikara: lehilahy anakiray milanja sainam-pirenena Malagasy nosamborin'ny miaramila, mampahatsiahy ny zava-nisy tany amin'ny kianja Tiananmen.
43Aliostsy adds:Manampy izany i Aliosty:
44This “Tiananmen” moment in #Madagascar could rally opposition to the new TGV regime. “Ity “Tiananmen” taty Madagasikara ity dia manamarika ny fanjakana vaovaon'i TGV. “
45Given the events of the past couple of days, it seems that tension has yet to ease in Madagascar.Manoloana ny zava-niseho nandritra ny 2 andro lasa izay dia tsapa fa mihamalefaka ny fifandirana aty Madagasikara.
46The Economist suggests that the new government is still on rather fragile ground.Milaza ny The economists fa miorina sady marefo ny governemanta vaovao.
47Finally, as we look back at the cause of this crisis, Alex Evans blogs at the Global Dashboard that South Korea still does not seem to understand what the fuss is all about: one of the largest national newspapers, Chosun Ilbo, publishes a rather controversial cartoon depicting a black-faced mob with sticks going after a Korean worker seeding the land.Hamaranana azy, raha hitodihantsika kely ny niatombohan'ny krizy dia milaza i Alex Evan ao amin'ny bilaoginy Global Dashboard fa mody tsy mahalala ny tantara ny Koreana Tatsimo: mampiseho sary sangisangy zary tenany ny gazety lehibe iray any an-toerana, ny Chosun Ilbo, sary maneho endrika mainty iray voadaroka amin'ny hazo tampoka manenjika Koreana miasa tany. Lova Rakotomalala