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1 | Angola's Sophisticated Censorship | Miha-mananosarotra Ny Sivana Ao Angola |
2 | [All links lead to Portuguese language pages, except when otherwise noted.] | Ny Alahady 11 Novambra teo no nankalaza ny faha-37 taonan'ny nahazoany fahaleovantena [fiteny portioge] i Angola. |
3 | Angola celebrated the 37th anniversary of its independence on November 11, 2012. But, in reality, how independent is the country nowadays? | Saingy raha ny tena marina, mba hatraiza moa izay fahaleovantenan'ny firenena izay amin'izao anio izao? |
4 | In terms of media and social communication, for instance, the reality is disturbing and, according to specialists, the censorship in Angola is becoming more sophisticated. | Raha resaka fahalalahan'ny asa fanaovana gazety, ohatra, mampahatahotra ny zava-misy, ary araka ny ambaran'ireo manampahaizana manokana, lasa tena mananosarotra ny resaka sivana eto Angola. |
5 | One of the recent episodes of censorship occurred on October 27, 2012, when the newspaper Semanário Angolense was withdrawn from the printing press by the company Media Investe. | Ny andiany faran'izay akaiky tamin'ny sivana dia nitranga tamin'ny 27 oktobra 2012, rehefa nosintonin'ny Media Investe tsy ho azo atonta ny Semanário Angolense [pt]. |
6 | The reason was the publication of almost an entire speech by the president of the opposition party UNITA [en], Isaías Samakuva, in which he was being highly critical about the state of the nation. | Araka ny filazan'i Maka Angola [pt], ny antony dia ny famoahany saika amin'ny endriny manontolo ny kabary feno fanakianana nataon'ny filohan'ny UNITA, Isaías Samakuva, mikasika ny toerana misy ny firenena ankehitrio : |
7 | Maka Angola published it first: The company owner, controlled by high profile figures of Security and Information Services of the State (SINSE, in Portuguese), withdrew the printed copies of the newspaper to be burned. | Ny orinasa tompony, izay fehezin'ireo olona ambony avy amin'ny Sampan-draharaham-panjakana momba ny Filaminana sy ny Fampahalalam-baovao [Serviços de Segurança e Informação do Estado (SINSE)], dia nisintona ireo gazety vita printy ary nandoro azy ireny. |
8 | Maka Angola got a digital copy of the newspaper censored, whose pages 8, 9 and 10 reproduce, with graphic treatment, Samakuva's speech of October 23. | Maka Angola dia nahazo dika niomerika tamin'ilay gazety niharan'ny sivana, izay ny pejy faha-8, 9 sy 10 dia mamerina ny kabarin' Samakuva tamin'ny 23 oktobra. |
9 | Copy of the cover of the censored Semanário Angolense. | Dika mitovin'ny pejy voalohan'ilay gazety voasivana, Semanário Angolense. |
10 | The speech given by Samakuva on October 23 is reproduced on pages 8, 9 and 10. | Ilay kabary nataon'i Samakuva tamin'ny 23 oktobra dia naverina tao amin'ny pejy faha-8, 9 sy 10. |
11 | The speech of the leader of Angola's largest opposition party- the full version was made available online by Maka Angola [pdf]- criticised the fact that the Angolan President, José Eduardo dos Santos, has not made the speech on the state of the nation at the opening of third Legislature, as laid down in the Constitution. | Ny kabarin'ilay filohan'ny antoko angole mpanohitra lehibe indrindra - izay navoakan'i Maka Angola ety anaty aterineto ny dikany manontolo [pdf pt] - dia nanakiana ny tsy fisian'ny adihevitra momba ny toerana misy ny firenena nataon'i José Eduardo dos Santos, filohan'i Angola, nandritra ny fanokafana ny fotoam-pitsarana fahatelo, araka izay nofaritan'ny lalam-panorenana. |
12 | Instead, the Angolan Head of State asked that copies of his inauguration speech be distributed to the members of parliament on September 26. | Raha tokony ho izany no izy, ny filoham-panjakana Angole dia nibaiko mba hitsinjarana amin'ireo solombavambahoaka ny dika mitovin'ny kabariny tamin'ny fotoam-panokanana azy ny 26 septambra lasa teo. |
13 | The move was widely criticised by the opposition and by various sectors of society. | Nokianin'ny mpanohitra mafy tokoa , ary ireo sehatra maro tamin'ny fiarahamonina, io fihetsiny io. |
14 | In an interview with DW, the Angolan human rights activist and founder of Maka Angola, Rafael Marques, says that this is “another way to control the information that circulates” in the country: | Tao anaty tafatafa nivoaka teo amin'ny tranonkalan'ny radio alemana Deutsche Welle [pt], ilay angole mpiaro ny zon'olombelona, Rafael Marques, mpanorina ny Maka Angola, dia niteny fa “endrika iray fanampiny amin'ny fanaraha-maso ny vaovao mivezivezy eto amin'ny firenena io” : |
15 | The president of UNITA made a very harsh speech which was widely accepted in society (…). | Kabary tena mafonja be no nataon'ny filohan'ny UNITA, izay nahazo fankasitrahana goavana avy amin'ny mpiray tanindrazana(…). |
16 | Hence the need to have to ensure that the discourse of Isaías Samakuva does not have wide circulation. | Izay no antony nanaovana izay hahazoana antoka ny tsy hielezan'ilay kabarin'i Isaías Samakuva bebe kokoa. |
17 | It is only on the internet and, as is generally known, Luanda and the rest of the country are suffering a severe crisis of electricity supply. | Izy ity dia ety anaty aterineto ihany no mivezivezy, ary, araka ny efa ahalalàna azy tsara rahateo, Loandà sy ny ambiny eto amin'ny firenena dia mizaka olana henjana amin'ny resaka famatsiana herinaratra. |
18 | Therefore very few people have access to the internet and the newspapers are the most read, because a newspaper can be read by many people. | Vokatr'izay, vitsy ny olona afaka mikirakira aterineto ka ny gazety no vakiana betsaka kokoa, satria ny gazety iray dia azon'olona maro vakiana mifandimby. |
19 | Now even private newspapers are controlled by security apparatus; in this case the censors failed, but they still went on time to go get the newspapers from the printing press to burn them immediately. | Ankehitriny koa ireo gazetin'olon-tsotra dia arahan'ireo sampana mpiadidy ny resa-piarovana maso akaiky ary amin'izay fotoana izay, misy ny tsy fahalavorariana avy amin'ireo mpanivana, kanefa na eo aza izany, manana fotoana ry zareo handehanana mijery ifotony ireo gazety any amin'ny trano printy mba handoroana azy ireny. |
20 | On its website, the Union of Angolan Journalists (SJA) regrets that “incidents” like this are no news in the panorama of “press freedom” in Angola: | Ao amin'ny tranonkalany, ny Sendikan'ireo Angole Mpanao Gazety [Sindicato dos Jornalistas Angolanos (SJA)] [pt] dia mitaraina fa tsy zava-baovao ireo “tranga” toy iny nisy iny raha eo amin'ny tontolon'ny “fahalalahana manao gazety” ao Angola : |
21 | This type of attack began to occur more than two years ago, when some weeklies from Luanda started to be bought by faceless companies who had changed owners like the Semanário Angolense, A Capital and O Novo Jornal. | Io karazana fanohintohinana io dia nanomboka nitranga tamin'io fotoana io, roa taona mahery lasa izay, rehefa nanomboka novidianà orinasa tsy mitonona anarana ireo gazety mpiseho isan-kerinandro ao Loanda. “Semanário Angolense”, “A Capital” ary “Novo Jornal” dia samy niova tompo tao anatin'io vanim-potoana io. |
22 | From an editorial point of view, A Capital is, so far, the publication that has been the most violated/censored by their new owners, clearly for political reasons and reasons concerning the newspaper's disagreement with certain matters which are unfavourable to the interests of the current political power. | Eo amin'ny lafiny famoahan-dahatsoratra, “A Capital” no famoahana nizaka herisetra /sivana betsaka indrindra hatreto avy amin'ireo tompony vaovao, noho ny antony politika mazava loatra ary mifamatotra amin'ny fandraisany toerana amin'ny resaka sasantsasany manelingelina ny tombontsoan'ny mpitondra ankehitriny. |
23 | The case of the Semanário Angolense generated numerous comments on social networks. | Ny raharaha Semanário Angolense dia niteraka fanehoan-kevitra marobe tety anaty tambajotra sosialy. |
24 | On October 29, 2012, Joana Clementina commented on Facebook: | Ny 29 Oktobra 2012, Joana Clementina nanamarika tao amin'ny Facebook [pt] hoe: |
25 | Why so much noise? | Inona daholo no anton'izao tabataba be izao e ? |
26 | Semanário has an owner and it is up to him to decide what goes onto the street. | Manan-tompo io gazety mpiseho isan-kerinandro io ka azy ny fanapahan-kevitra mikasika izay hivoaka eny an-dalambe eny. |
27 | If the problem is the speech of the samas man [Isaias Samakuva], Rádio Despertar can play it whenever it wants, and the radio has a larger audience than the Semanário. | Raha ny kabarin'i man samas [Isaías Samakuva] no olana, mbola afaka mandefa izay tiany ny Rádio Despertar, ary dia holazaina fa ny Despertar no manana mpihaino be indrindra amin'ny vahoaka Angole. |
28 | No big deal. | Tsy misy resaka fifampiraharahàna avo lenta izany. |
29 | I'd be happy if you gave us solutions to the problems with electricity and water. | Ho faly tokoa aho raha mba hahitanareo vahaolana ny olan'ny jiro sy rano. |
30 | Semanário Angolense is not within the reach of ordinary citizens; a minority reads it. | Tsy ny olom-pirenena tsotra ihany koa no afaka hanao ny Semanário Angolense any am-paosiny (hividy azy). |
31 | Shortly after, Mingiedy Mia Loa responded directly to the comment: | Olona vitsy an'isa no mamaky azy io. |
32 | Joana Clementina: regardless of the owner, there is the National Council for Social Communication and it is up to this body to regulate and supervise the editorial line of the media, whether private or public, and on the other [hand] the Constitution of Angola doesn't provide censorship on news stories in its chapter of freedom of expression… | Fotoana fohy taorian'izay, Mingiedy Mia Loa dia namaly mivantana an'io fanamarihana io : Joana Clementina : tsy misy idiran'ny tompony, misy ny Filankevi-pirenena momba ny Fifandraisana Sosialy [Conselho Nacional de Comunicação Social] ary anjarany ny mandrindra sy manara-maso ny matoan-dahatsoratr'ireo sampana mpanao fifandraisana sosialy, na an'olon-tsotra izy na am-panjakana, ary amin'ny lafiny iray, ny Lalam-panorenan'i Angola tsy miresaka mihitsy ny sivana an-gazety ao amin'ny andinin-dalàna momba ny fahalalahana maneho hevitra |
33 | On October 31, Maurilio Luiele also wrote on Facebook: | Ny 31 Oktobra 2012, Maurilio Luiele dia nanoratra ihany koa tao amin'ny Facebook [pt] : |
34 | The fact is that the constitution consecrates press freedom and ipsis factus prohibits censorship. | Ny zava-misy dia hoe miaro ny fahalalahana manao gazety ny Lalam-panorenana ary amin'izany dia mandràra ny sivana. |
35 | If this is not censorship, then what is it? | Raha tsy izany ary no atao hoe sivana, dia inona no ilazana azy? |
36 | The violation of the Constitution is at stake, and, even worse, the systematic and wanton way in which the law in Angola is ignored. | Ny fanitsakitsahana ny Lalam-panorenana izao no resaka, ary, ratsy kokoa aza, ny fanohintohinana ankitsirano sy tsy amin'antony ny lalàna aty Angola. |
37 | I always ask myself the following question: if the law is not the goal and free will prevails, where does the Democratic State of Rights stand? | Mandrakariva dia manontany ity manaraka ity foana aho hoe : raha tsy arofanina ny lalàna ary ny didiko fe-lehibe no manjaka, dia aiza no toeran'ny Fanjakana Demaokratika tàn-dalàna? |
38 | Where is the PGR [Attorney General of the Republic] to defend the legality? | Aiza ny PGR hiaro ny ara-dalàna ? |
39 | As SJA indicates, quoting the current legislation (Law no. 7/06 from May 15, 2006 [pdf, pt]), the attack on the freedom of press happens when: | Araka ny itateran'ny SJA, [sendikan'ireo Angole mpanao gazety], izay mitanisa ny lalàna manan-kery (7/06/15 tamin'ny May), ireo fanohintohinana ny fahalalahan'ny asa fanaovana gazety dia nivandravandra hatreo fa : |
40 | […] someone outside the cases provided by law blocks or disrupts the composition, printing, distribution and free circulation of periodicals; blocks or disrupts the broadcast of radio and television programmes; seizes or damages any materials necessary for the exercise of journalistic activity. | Ny olona izay, ivelan'ny tranga voafaritry ny lalàna, manakana na manelingelina ny fanoratana, ny fanontàna, ny fitsinjaràna ary ny fivezivezena malalak'ireo asa printy manara-potoana, manakana na manelingelina ny fandaharana amin'ny radio sy fahitalavitra, maka na manimba ireo fitaovana ilaina amin'ny fanatanterahana ny asa fanaovan-gazety. |
41 | “Should the freedom of each individual not be respected?” questions the researcher Eugenio Costa Almeida in an opinion piece on the subject, published in the Angolan weekly Novo Jornal, on November 2: | “Tsy tokony hohajaina ve ny fahalalahan'ny tsirairay ?” [pt] hoy ihany koa ilay mpanao gazety, Eugénio Costa Almeida, manontany ao anaty lahatsoratra iray fanehoam-pijery mikasika io lohahevitra io, nivoaka tao amin'ny gazety Angole mpiseho isan-kerinandro Novo Jornal, ny 2 novambra 2012 : |
42 | If this eventual attitude is true, they showed no respect for each individual's liberty. | Raha voamarina io fihetsika io, dia noporofoin-dry zareo fa tsy manaja ny fahalalahan'ny tsirairay izy ireo. |
43 | The freedom of the writer, the freedom of those who produced [the newspaper] and, even more serious because it conditions it, the freedom of choice of the reader. | Ny fahalalahan'ilay manoratra, ny fahalalahan'ilay namokatra ary, ny ratsy indrindra satria izy no miantoka iretsy teo alohany, ny fahalalahan'ny mpamaky hanan-tsafidy. |
44 | Because newspapers, the media, only exists because there are readers, listeners and viewers who read, hear, or watch the news and opinions transmitted so that, afterwards, they have the freedom to enjoy them, quote them or question and criticise them to learn the possible lessons. | Satria tsy misy tsotra izao ny gazety sy ny fampahalalam-baovao raha tsy misy ny mpamaky, ny mpihaino sy ireo mpijery fahitalavitra, mamaky na mihaino ireo vaovao sy fanehoana fomba fijery mba hankasitrahany azy aty aoriana, hitanisàny azy, hametrahany fanontaniana momba azy, hitsikerany azy ao anaty fahalalahana tanteraka, ary hisintonana izay mety ho tsoakevitra rehetra azo tsoahana avy amin'izany. |
45 | “Samakuva: Where's my speech?” | “Samakuva: aiza ny kabariko?” |
46 | Picture shared on the Facebook profile of Kissonde Project. | Sary an'ny Tetikasa Kissonde nozaraina tao amin'ny Facebook |
47 | Episodes like this are proof that the Angolan “lapis azul” (blue pencil- a symbol of censorship) is taking on new dimensions, with propaganda and censorship increasingly restricting press freedom. | Ireo andiany tahaka ity no porofo fa manomboka maka sehatra hafa mihitsy ny sivana eto Angola, miaraka amin'ny fampielezan-kevitra sy ny fanivànan-tena izay mametra misimisy kokoa isak'izay mandeha ny fahalalahan'ny asa fanaovana gazety. |
48 | The Angolan model of censorship is even “more sophisticated than the Chinese”, argues the Angolan analyst Nelson Pestana in an interview with DW: | Ny lasitra sivana Angole dia mbola mananosarotra kokoa noho ny an'ny Shinoa”, hoy ilay angole mpandalina, Nelson Pestana tao anaty tafatafa iray ho an'ny Deutsche Welle [pt]: |
49 | The Chinese model of censorship is assumed to be one of the mechanisms of the party. | Ny lasitra sivana Shinoa dia raisina/ekena ho toy ny iray amin'ireo rafitra ao anatin'ny antoko rahateo. |
50 | Not in Angola. | Tsy izany aty Angola. |
51 | The discourse of legalisation involves the idea of democracy, the idea of pluralism. | Ny kabary ho faneken'ny vahoaka dia mandalo amin'ny hevitra momba ny demaokrasia, amin'ny hamaroan'isa. |
52 | It's not a body that blocks the circulation of newspapers; it's the newspaper's owner who decides that this time it won't circulate. | Tsy rantsana ivelany izay manakana ny gazety tsy hivezivezy, Ny tompon'ny gazety manokana no manapa-kevitra hoe amin'ity indray mandeha ity dia tsy apartika aloha ity. |
53 | The problem is that the owner of the newspaper is part of the group's power and so it is clearly a mechanism of censorship and control of national public opinion. | Ny tompony dia ao anaty tariky ny fitondràna, ary noho io, dia isan'ny singa iray amin'ny rafitry ny fanivànana sy ny fanaraha-maso ny fomba fijerin'ny firenena iray manontolo. |
54 | “None of the countries of the PALOP [African Countries of Official Portuguese Language] has the means of pressure that Angola has”, criticised the Portuguese journalist Pedro Rosa Mendes in an interview in February this year, shortly after the radio programme he worked with (Este tempo, broadcast on the public radio Antena 1) had been suspended after the broadcast of an opinion piece [en] which criticised the Angolan government: | “Tsy misy na iray aza amin'ireo firenena afrikana mampiasa ny portioge ho teny ofisialy [PALOP-Países Africanos de Língua Oficial Portuguesa] no afaka hihambo ho manana ny hery hanaovana tsindry toa an'i Angola”, hoy sahady ny fanakianan'ilay portioge mpanao gazety, Pedro Rosa Mendes tao anaty tafatafa iray natao tamin'ny Febroary2012, fotoana fohy taorian'ny nampiatoana ilay fandaharana anaty fampielezampeo isan'ny novoiziny (“Este Tempo”, averina alefa ao amin'ny Antena 1) noho ny fandalinana iray nanakiana ny governemanta angole : |
55 | It is obvious, for everyone who does not want to be naive, that much of the pressure that Angola puts on already works by itself. It is a kind of parallel diplomacy and implied pressure. | Mivandravandra be izany, ho an'ireo tsy te-hametraka ny tenany ho nàndra velona, fa dia efa mihodina tsara ny ampahany goavana amin'ny tsindry azon'ny governemanta atao. |
56 | This post was proofread in English by Georgi McCarthy. | Karazana diplaomasia anjorony io, ary tsindry tsy ambara mivantana. |