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1 | Senegal: Reasons Behind the Pre-Election Turbulence | Sénégal : Ireo antom-pahatezerana |
2 | [All links are in French unless stated otherwise] Given the turbulent pre-election period currently being experienced in Senegal, many observers are worried that the Senegalese are contributing to a progressive undermining of democracy, only weeks ahead of the presidential elections. | Miaraka amin'ny vanim-potoana mafampàna mialoha ny fifidianana izay iainan'i Sénégal, dia atrehan-dry zareo Senegale koa izao ny fanaovana tsinontsinona ny demaokrasia ka mampanahy ny maro amin'ireo mpanaramaso herinandro vitsivitsy aty alohan'ny fifidianana. |
3 | Current President Abdoulaye Wade was first elected head of state in 2000 and has decided to stand for a third term even though it should not be allowed under the constitution. | Ndeha hampahatsiahivintsika fa i Abdoulaye Wade dia lany ho filohan'ny firenena tamin'ny 2000 ary nanapa-kevitra izy fa mbola hirotsaka indray ho aminà fotoam-pitondràna fanintelony na dia voararan'ny lalam-panorenana aza izany. |
4 | Many Senegalese are protesting the decision to allow him to stand, and several factors worry Senegal's voters. | Marobe ireo Senegale nanohitra ny fanapahan-kevitra mamela azy ho afaka mirotsaka indray. Betsaka ireo singa mampanahy ireo mpifidy ao Sénégal. |
5 | President Abdoulaye Wade. Image via Wikipedia (CC-license-2. | Abdoulaye Wade (sary tao amin'ny wikipédia CC-license-2. |
6 | 0. Fatou Diop highlights the fact that Wade is the world's oldest candidate: | 0) Fatou Diop dia mametraka ho eny aloha ny amin'ny hoe i Wade no mpirotsaka be taona indrindra eran'izao tontolo izao : |
7 | This fact is without doubt unique in the annals of world history: Mr Abdoulaye Wade is standing in the 2012 presidential elections, for election to a 7 year term at the age of…86. | Ny zavatra tsy azo lavina dia tsy manam-paharoa ao anatin'ny raki-tahirin'ny tantaran'izao tontolo izao izany : Me Abdoulaye Wade eo amin'ny faha….86 taonany, dia mpilatsaka hofidiana amin'ny fifidianana izay ho filoham-pirenena hatao ny 2012 ho aminà fotoam-pitondrana haharitra 7 taona . |
8 | Implicit in the current political debate is the question of succession as many suspect him of seeking a third term in order to transfer power to his son. | Eny antsisin'ireo adihevitra politika amin'izao fotoana dia mipetraka ny fanontaniana momba izay handimby azy, maro no miahiahy ny fikatsahany fotoam-pitondràna fanintelony mba hamindràna ny fitondrana ho any amin'ny zanany lahy. |
9 | Since his rise to power in 2000, Abdoulaye Wade has manoeuvered to maintain power. | Abdoulaye Wade, hatramin'ny nahatongavany teo amin'ny fitondrana tamin'ny 2000 dia miasa mba hitànana ny fahefana. |
10 | Langangui returns to the fact that Wade embraced change when he was elected. | Langangui dia miverina amin'ny resaka hoe i Wade no ilay olon'ny fanovàna fony izy voafidy. |
11 | But his promises were empty and the time for change seems to have long since passed: | Saingy tsy nisy voatàna ireo fanomezan-tokiny ary dia tahaka ny efa tsy tazana intsony izay fotoam-panovàna : |
12 | In 2000, having just been elected and apparently filled with good intentions, he modifies the Constitution. | Vantany vao lany izy tamin'ny 2000, natosiky ny, izany no noeritreretina, faniriana tsara mba hanova ny lalampanorenana izy. |
13 | A new text is adopted imposing a five year term instead of the original seven year term and stipulating that a president may serve “two terms of office”. | Andininy iray mametraka ny fe-potoam-piasàna ho dimy taona hisolo ilay fito taona tany aloha, milaza fa ny fotoam-piasan'ny filoha « dia indray mandeha ihany no azo havaozina» no lany. |
14 | Although he had been elected a year before the changes to the Constitution, everyone understood that Wade would be impacted by them. | Dia nihevitra ny tsirairay fa na i Wade koa aza dia tafiditra ao anatin'io fepetra io na dia efa herintaona tany alohan'ny nitondrana fanovàna ilay andininy tao amin'ny lalam-panorenana aza izy no voafidy. |
15 | Moreover, after his 2007 re-election, he publicly announced his intention not to stand again. | Tsy izany ihany fa tamin'ny 2007, taorian'ny fahalaniany, dia nanambara ampahibemaso izy fa tsy hirotsaka hofidiana intsony. |
16 | The following video was uploaded to YouTube by user dameptm on April 6, 2011, detailing President Wade's intention not to stand as a presidential candidate in 2012: | |
17 | However, Wade has gone back on his word and will stand for re-election: | Kanefa, niverina tamin'ny teniny i Wade ary nilaza fa hirotsaka hofidiana hisolo ny tenany ihany amin'ny 2012. |
18 | The guy was completely misjudged. | Tsy fahafantarana tsara an'ilay zalahy io izany. |
19 | In 2008, during the intervening period, he saw to it that the Constitution was modified once again to reinstate the seven year term, which a an incumbent could be re-elected to only once (are you following ?), before, last year, failing in another effort to modify the Constitution by bringing in a one-round presidential election, under an American style “presidential ticket ” (each candidate taking on a Vice-president, Wade standing with his son Karim, for example). | Teny anelanelany teny, tamin'ny 2008, dia nampanova ny lalam-panorenana indray izy mba hamerenana ilay izy ho fito taona azo havaozina indray mandeha (arakareo tsara an ?), talohan'ny tsy nahombiazany tamin'ny taona lasa tamin'ny andrana iray hafa hampanova ny lalam-panorenana, izay nikendrena ny hikarakarana fifidianana ny ho filoha aminà fihodinana tokana monja, anatinà rafitra ” ticket présidentiel ” manaraka ny fomba Amerikana (dia hanolotra sarintsarinà filoha lefitra daholo ny mpirotsaka tsirairay, ka i Wade dia hirotsaka miaraka amin'ny zanany lahy Karim, ohatra). |
20 | Therefore, he has two terms, one of seven and one of five years, under his belt, but he wants to carry on for an umpteenth seven year term. | Fotoam-pitondràna roa araka izany, ny iray fito taona ary iray hafa dimy taona izay efa hifaràna, nefa tiany hitarina indray ho fito taona vaovao hafa. |
21 | When the “Old Man” was reminded of his promise not to stand again he replied « Ma Waxoon ? | Rehefa ampahatsiahivina an-« drazokiny be » ny fanomezan-toky nataony fa hoe tsy hirotsaka intsony, dia hoy ny avaliny « Ma Waxoon ? |
22 | Waxeet » (“I said it, I'm unsaying it”) in Wolof, the country's most widely spoken language. | Waxeet » (« niteny an'izay aho, sintoniko izany ») » amin'ny teny wolof, ilay teny be mpampiasa indrindra ao amin'io firenena io. |
23 | Babacar NDiaye highlights Wade's flagrant nepotism in manoeuvring his son Karim into several key government posts: | Babacar NDiaye no manipika ny lova tsy mifindra mivandravandra ataon'i Wade mametraka ny zanany lahy Karim amina toerana maro manan-danja ao amin'ny governemanta . |
24 | The most marked feature of Wade's “reign” is certainly his son's stranglehold over the State . | Ny zavatra tena nanamarika ny « fotoana nitondran'i » Wade dia ny vahoho nataon'ny zanany lahy tamin'ny fanjakana. |
25 | This same son, who has never answered for his management of the OIC National Agency and who, following an unforgettable defeat in the 2009 local elections [in his own polling station] , was named Minister of State with a portfolio encroaching on those of other minsters. | Mbola io zanany lahy io ihany izay tsy nanao tatitra mihitsy mikasika ny fitantanany ny ANOCI, ary taorian'ny fahareseny sarotra adinoina nandritra ny fifidianana tany an-toerana tamin'ny 2009 [tao amin'ny biraom-pifidianana nisy azy indrindra anefa] , notendrena ho eo amin'ny toeran'ny Minisi-panjakana izay mijabaka amin'ny asan'ireo ministera hafa rehetra. |
26 | As well as being Minister for International Cooperation, which was nothing more than a carve up of the Foreign Affairs Ministry, he was also named minister for energy, airways and infrastructure. | Fanampin'ny nanendrena azy ho minisitry ny fiaraha-miasa iraisam-pirenena izay tsy hafa fa fanaparitahana ihany ny ministeran'ny Raharaham-Bahiny, dia mbola izy no minisitry ny angovo, ny fitaterana an-habakabaka sy ny fotodrafitrasa. |
27 | Thus is he the head of a “mini-government” within the government. | Dia izy noho izany no eo amin'ny lohan'ny « governemanta amin'ny endriny bitika» ao anaty governemanta foibe. |
28 | In classic Wadien style, it was about mocking the Senegalese who had slowed the rapid rise of the “Prince” in his quest for legitimacy and popularity. | Amin'ny fomba «Wade manokana», inona moa fa tsy fanaovana ho « pied de nez » an'ireo Senegale izay nanao izay hampihisatra ny fisidinan'ilay « Printsy » miezaka ny ho fantatra sy ho tiam-bahoaka. |
29 | Wade's reasoning for bestowing such a “super ministry” on his son is that he has “a special and unique education”. | Ny antony naroson'i Wade momba ny nanomezana « ministera goavana » toy izany ho an'ny zanany lahy dia hoe izy nahavita « fiofanana manokana sy tsy dia misy mpanao ». |
30 | He has a degree in auditing and management from the Sorbonne (..) | Nahazo diplaoma tany Sorbone izy, mikasika ny resaka fitantanana sy fitsirihana (..) |
31 | It is this nepotism that is being denounced in the streets and which pushed the singer Youssou NDour to submit his candidacy for the 2012 presidential elections, an acti which he sees as his duty to the people . | Io fanaovana lova tsy mifindra io izay efa nokianin'ny mpanohitra sy ny teny an-dalambe no nanosika ihany koa an'ilay mpihira Youssou NDour hametraka ny firotsahany hofidiana amin'ny fifidianana ho filoham-pirenena ny 2012. Fihetsika izay rasiny ho toy ny adidy manoloana ireo mpiray tanindrazana aminy. |
32 | Fatou Diop continues: | Manohy i Fatou Diop : |
33 | In June he tried another piece of slight of hand: a modification which would have allowed for the simultaneous election of a president and a vice-president with a minimum of 25% of the first round votes. | Tamin'ny Jona, dia niezaka indray izy ny hipasopasoka ny raharaha tao : fanovàna iray izay afaka ny hahalàny avy hatrany ny filoha sy ny filoha-lefitra iray aminà isam-bato faran'ny ambany 25% amin'ny vato manan-kery amin'ny fihodinana voalohany. |
34 | It was a manipulation too far. | Fanodinkodinana izay pitik'afo nandrehitra ny vanja. |
35 | Violent rioting broke out in Dakar [see link] and Wade ended up withdrawing the proposed draft. | Nipoaka ny korontana mahery setra tao Dakar ary nihemotra tamin'ny fikasany i Wade nony farany. |
36 | Langangui explains that Wade has mobilised a lot of resources to get his candidacy approved: | Azavain'i Langangui fa hoe i Wade dia nampiasa fitaovana maro mba hampanekena ny fahafahany mirotsaka : |
37 | In reaction to the constitutional ban on his standing for a third term, he went to great expense to summon constitutional experts from abroad. | Mikasika ny fanakanana avy amin'ny lalam-panorenana tsy hirotsaka aminà fotoam-pitondrana fanintelony, dia nanakarama volabe mpahay lalam-panorenena avy any ivelany izy. |
38 | To the question of whether Mr Wades first election, in 2000, came under the auspices of the constitutional reforms adopted in 2001, thereby limiting his number of terms of office to two, the response of these foreign experts was, of course, no. Nonetheless, five Senegalese constitutional experts - including one member of the Committee for drafting and the Constitution - all considered that the clause should apply to the incumbent president seeking re-election. | Tamin'ny fanontaniana hahalalàna na tafiditra tao anatin'ny valan'ny fanovàna ny lalampanorenana na tsia ny fahalaniana voalohan'i Wade tamin'ny fifidianana tamin'ny 2000, fanovàna izay lany ny 2001 ary mametra ho roa ihany ny isan'ny fotoam-pitondrana mifanesy, dia mazava ho azy fa tsia no navalin'ireto farany. Kanefa Senegale dimy mpahay lalam-panorenana - izay mpikambana tao amin'ny komity mpamolavola sy ny lalam-panorenana ny iray - no samy nihevitra fa io fepetra io dia tokony koa hihatra amin'ny filoha mpirotsaka hofidiana. |
39 | “The spirit of the letter of the Constitution bans Wade from standing for a third term. | « Ny fanahy sy ny voasoratry ny Lalam-panorenana dia mandràra ny firotsahana fanintelon'i Wade. |
40 | It is for this reason that we must refuse his application for candidacy”, stated Mounirou Sy, Professor of Law a the University of Dakar… The debate has been resolved by “five experts from the Constitutional Council”, all appointed by Wade. | Izany no antony tsy maintsy hanakànanay ny fametrahany ny firotsahany hofidiana», hoy ny nambaran'i Mounirou Sy, mpampianatra lalàna ao amin'ny Anjerimanontolon'i Dakar… Io adihevitra io dia vao avy notapahan'ireo « olon-kendry dimy avy amin'ny Filan-kevitry ny Lalam-panorenana», izay samy i Wade avokoa no nanendry azy ireo. |
41 | On Friday 27th January these experts announced that the outgoing President could stand for election, alongside thirteen other candidates, on 26th February. At the same time they also invalidated the candidacy of Youssou Ndour (The reason the Constitutional Council gave for refusing to validate Youssou Ndour's candidacy was that he ” produced a list of 12,936 voters who supported his candidacy, but of them only 8,911 could be identified and their signatures verified “, while a minimum of 10,000 is need). | Ireto farany no nanambara ny Zoma 27 janoary fa ny filoha avy nahavita ny fotoam-pitondrany dia afaka mirotsaka, miaraka aminà mpirotsaka telo ambinifolo hafa, amin'ny fifidianana izay ho filoham-pirenena amin'ny 26 Febroary ho avy izao, izay manafoana ho azy ny firotsahan'ilay mpihitra Youssou Ndour (Ny Filan-kevitry ny Lalam-panorenana dia nilaza ny antony fandavany tsy hankato ny firotsahan'i Youssou Ndour ho noho ny nahitàna fa izy ” dia nanolotra lisitra misy mpifidy 12.936 manohana ny firotsahan-kofidiany, izay 8.911 monja no azo nohamarinina hatramin'ny soniany”, raha toa ka 10.000 no isa farany ambany tsy maintsy ilaina). |
42 | This news came as a nasty shock to the young people of Dakar. | Henjana be ny fiantraikan'ilay vaovao, indrindra fa tany amin'ireo tanora tao Dakar. |
43 | According to one human rights activist “If Wade stands for election there will be no elections. | « Raha toa i Wade mandray anjara amin'ny fifidianana, dia tsy hisy fifidianana izany eo. |
44 | If members of the Constitutional Council approve his candidacy they will be responsible for the consequences in Senegal” . On its Facebook page the Mouvement du 23 Juin (23rd June Movement) explains the reasons behind the anger: | Raha toa ny mpikambana ao amin'ny Filan-kevitry ny Lalam-panorenena mankatoa ny firotsahany, dia izy ireo no ho tompon'andraikitra amin'izay hitranga eto Sénégal» hoy ny fampitandreman'ny mafàna fo iray mpiaro ny zon'olombelona. |
45 | We are not rich, we don't have oil, or gold, or diamonds… but we have always had peace and our honour, today Senegal is ashamed… all for what… because Wade must see Karim become President… he will never be allowed to do this. | Ao amin'ny pejiny Facebook ny Hetsiky ny 23 Jona dia manazava ny anton'ny mahatezitra : Tsy mpanankarena izahay, tsy manana solika, na volamena, na diamondra….fa kosa nanana foana ny fandriampahalemana, ny voninahitray, ankehitriny dia menatra i Sénégal…inona no anton'izay rehetra izay… satria ho an'i Wade, tsy maintsy i Karim Wade no filoham-pirenena… tsy misy hanaiky an'izay velively eo. |
46 | Subsequent protests against Wade's candidacy have resulted in eight deaths, including a police officer and a young girl, and another young girl has been blinded in one eye. | Hatramin'izay, ireo hetsi-panoherana manohitra ny firotsahan'i Wade dia niteraka fatiolona 8 izay polisy ny iray ary ankizivavy kely iray, ary ankizivavy kely iray hafa no poaka maso an'ila. |
47 | As Vincent Hugueux indicates in his blog, Abdoulaye Wade is playing down the protests, describing them as “displays of petulance”. | Abdoulaye Wade dia manamaivana ireo hetsi-panoherana izay tondroiny ho “rivotra malefaka mitsoka” araka izay lazain'i Vincent Hugueux ao amin'ny bilaoginy. |
48 | The 23rd June Movement held meetings on 11 and 12 February and decided that from Tuesday 14 Februrary onwards, protesters would occupy Obelisk Square and would not leave until Wade withdraws his candidacy. | Ny Hetsika 23 Jona, na Mouvement du 23 Juin izay nanao famorian'olona ny 11 sy 12 Febroary dia nanapa-kevitra fa manomboka ny Talata 14 Febroary dia hobodoin'ireo mpanao hetsi-panoherana ny kianja Obélisque , ary tsy hiala eo mandra-pisinton'i Wade ny firotsahany hofidiana. |
49 | The first round of voting is set for 26 February. All but one of the opposition candidates have decided to suspend campaigning until 16 February and will be in talks with President Wade's PDS party. | Heverina hatao ny 26 Febroary izao ny fihodinana voalohany amin'ny fifidianana, ireo mpirotsaka avy amin'ny mpanohitra, afa-tsy iray monja, dia samy nanapa-kevitra ny hampiato ny fampielezan-kevitr'izy ireo hatramin'ny 16 Febroary ary mety hifandinika amin'ny antoko PDS (antokon'ny filoha Wade) |