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1Italy Condemned for Violations of African Refugee RightsVoaheloka Ho Nanitsakitsaka Ny Zon'olombelona Nanoloana Ireo Mpitsoa-ponenana Afrikana i Italia
2This post is part of our special coverage on Refugees. On February 23, 2012, the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg has come to a historic judgment, that Italy violated the European Convention on Human Rights by intercepting and sending back Eritrean and Somali migrants to Libya.Ny 23 febroary, didim-pitsarana manan-tantara no navoakan'ny mpikambana ao amin'ny fitsarana eraopeana momba ny zon'olombelona manana ny foibeny ao tamin'ny nanamelohany an'i Italia tsy nisy nandà noho ny fisamborana sy famerenana ireo mpitsoa-ponenana avy any atsimon'i Sahara, izay manitsakitsaka tanteraka ireo fifanekena sy fifanarahana iraisam-pirenena izay nosoniavin'i Italie.
3African Refugees by Vito Manzari on Flickr (CC BY 2.0).Mpitsoa-ponenana avy any Afrika, sary avy amin'i Vito Manzari tao amin'i Flickr, mampiasa ny license CC-By
4Unione Diritti Umani Blog explains [it] the events:Ny bilaogy Unione di Ritti Umani manazava ny zava-misy [it] :
5The Hirsi case and others versus Italy pertains to the first push back operation carried out on May 6, 2009, in international waters, 35 miles south of Lampedusa.Ny raharaha Hirsi sy ireo hafa mamely an'i Italie dia mikasika ny ezaka voalohany fampodiana natao tamin'ny 6 May 2009, 35 miles tany atsimon'i Lampedusa, tany amin'ny fari-dranomasina iraisam-pirenena.
6Italian authorities intercepted a boat carrying some 200 Somalis and Eritreans, including children and pregnant women.Nosakanan'ny manampahefana Italiana ny sambo iray nitatitra somaliana sy eritreana 200 teoho eo, nahitàna ankizy sy vehivavy bevohoka.
7The migrants were then taken on board an Italian ship, sent back to Tripoli, and handed over against their will to Libyan authorities.Nafindra taminà sambo italiana iray ireo mpitsoa-mponenana ire, naverina tany Tripoli ary natolotra ny manampahefana libiana, tsy araka ny sitra-pony.
8They were not identified, no one listened to them or informed beforehand of their actual destination.Tsy nisy akory famantampantarana azy na fihainoana mialoha, na fampahafantarana azy ireo ny toerana tena hitodiany.
9In fact, the migrants were convinced that were heading toward the Italian coast.Ireo mpitsoa-ponenana ireo, raha ny marina, dia resy lahatra fa hoe mizotra ho any amin'ny morontsiraka italiana ny dian-dry zareo.
10After this operation, 11 Somali citizens and 13 Eritrean citizens, who were found and helped in Libya by the Italian Council for Refugees, brought action against Italy before the European Court of Justice. Assistance was provided by Anton Giulio Lana and Andrea Saccucci, from the Union of Lawyers for Protection of Human Rights.Taorian'io hetsika io, teratany somaliana 11 sy eritreana 13, hita tany Libia sy nampian'ny Filankevitra Italiana misahana ireo Mpitsoa-ponenana no nihetsika nitory an'i Italie teo anoloan'ny Fitsarana Eraopeana, niaraka tamin'ny fanohanan'ireo mpisolovava Anton Giulio Lana sy Andrea Saccucci, avy amin'ny Sendikan'ireo mpisolovava miaro ny zon'olombelona.
11GiulioL [it] described the operation upon their arrival in Tripoli [it] on the blog ilmalpaese:GiulioL tao amin'ny bilaogy ilmalpaese.wordpress.com dia namariparitra ny fizotr'ilay hetsika tamin'ny fotoana nahatongavan-dry zareo tao Tripoli [it] :
12The Libyan police were awaiting them on the dock with container trucks ready to pick them up, like livestock onto cattle cars, and then send them to various prisons around the country.Tany Tripoli, efa niandry azy ireo teo an-tseranana ny polisy libiana, niarka tamin'ireo fiarabe fitondrana “conteneurs” efa vonona ny hitondra azy ireo, sahala amin'ireny fiarandalamby fitondràna biby fiompy ireny, avy eo dia nandefa azy ireny tany amin'ny fonja samihafa tao amin'ny firenena.
13A photojournalist, Enrico Dagnino, who was on board the patrol boat, described in detail the violence in this operation.Tao anatin'ny mpisafo dia nisy mpaka sary fanao an-gazety, Enrico Dagnino, izay nitantara ny herisetra tao anatin'ity hetsika ity.
14After that, the proceedings were censored.Tonga avy eo ny sivana.
15This action led to the non-implementation of the principles governing the treatment of people fleeing from danger, Henry Oliver explains on the UK Human Rights blog:Ity hetsika ity no nitondra tamin'ny tsy fampiharana ireo foto-kevitra mifehy ny fitantanana ireo olona mandositra loza iray izay hazavain' i Henry Oliver ao amin'ny bilaogy ukhumanrightsblog [en] :
16The return involved a violation of Article 3 (anti-torture and inhumane treatment), Article 4 of Protocol 4 (collective expulsion of aliens), and Article 13 (right to an effective remedy).Io fanosehana hiverina io dia fanitsakitsahana ny toko faha-3 (manohitra ny fampijaliana sy ny fomba fitondra tsy manaja ny maha-olona), ny toko faha-4 amin'ny Fifanarahana faha-4 (fandroahana faobe ireo vahiny) sy ny toko faha-13 (zo hanana fiarovana).
17The patrols that returned migrants to Libya were in breach of the non-refoulement principle.Ireo mpisafo izay namerina ireto mpitsoa-ponenana ireto nankany Libia dia nanatanteraka izany tao anatin'ny fanitsakitsahana ny foto-kevitry ny tsy fanosehana hiverina.
18An immigrant's t-shirt saying "I am an immigrant using soap and water" to avoid abuse. By Cristiano Corsini on Flickr (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0).T-shirt nanaovan'ny mpitsoa-ponenana iray mivaky hoe "Mpitsoa-ponenana aho "mampiasa ny rano sy savony" mba handosirana ny herisetra, An'i Christiano Corsini tao amin'ny Flickr, ampiasàna ny license CC-by
19The old Italian government, formed by Silvio Berlusconi's party, Popolo della libertà (People of Freedom), and Umberto Bossi's extreme right party, the Northern League, created a legal arsenal and took steps against immigration in Italy, which have been denounced on several occasions by civil society and the Catholic Church.Ny governemanta italiana taloha narafitry ny antokon'i Silvio Berlusconi, Popolo della libertà (Vahoakan'ny Fahafahana ) sy ny antokon'ny farany havanana, an'i Umberto Bossi, ny Ligin'ny Avaratra, dia nametraka andian-dàlana sy hetsika manohitra ny fifindra-monina mankany Italia, izay efa im-betsaka no nokianin'ny fiarahamonina sivily sy ny eglizy katolika.
20Italy has also been condemned on various instances for its anti-immigration [it] policy, which is inconsistent with European treaties.Im-betsaka ihany koa i Italie no voaheloka noho ny politikany manohitra ny fifindra-monina tsy mifanaraka amin'ny fifanekena erappeana.
21Gabriele Del Grande's blog fortresseurope.blogspot.com [it] publishes information about Fortess Europe's activities for the defense of immigrant rights. The association has produced a great number of reports, first hand accounts and films on refugee treatment in Italy as well as in other European countries.Ny bilaogin'i Gabriele Del Grande fortresseurope.blogspot.com, namoaka vaovao momba ny hetsiky ny fikambanan'ireo mpitolona ho an'ny zon'ireo mpitsoa-ponenana, izay namokatra tatitra maro, fijoroana vavolombelona sy horonantsary mikasika ny fomba fitondra ireo mpitsoa-ponenana any Italia sy firenena hafa ao Eraopa, dia manoritsoritra ny fiainana any am-ponja [it] tao Libia nandritra ny fitondràna teo aloha :
22Here he describes prison life [it] in Libya during the rule of the old regime:
23We are in Misratah, 210 km east of Tripoli, in Libya.Aty Misratah izao izahay, 210 km atsinanan'i Tripoli, aty Libia.
24All the prisoners here are Eritrean asylum seekers, arrested offshore of Lampedusa or in immigrant neighborhoods in Tripoli.Ary ireo voafonja dia eritreana mpangataka fialokalofana daholo, voasambotra tany amin'ny fari-dranomasin'i Lampedusa na tany amin'ny faritra misy ireo mpitsoa-ponenana ao Tripoli.
25Collateral victims of Italy's and Libya's cooperation against immigration.Mizaka tsy satry ny vokatry ny fifanarahana misy eo amin'i Libia sy Italia anoherana ny fitsoaham-ponenana.
26More than 600 people, of whom 58 are women, there are also several children and babies in the group.Olona maherin'ny 600, ka vehivavy ny 58, ary marobe ny ankizy sy zaza menavava.
27They have been in prison for over two years, but none of them has been tried.Mifonja efa ho roa taona mahery ry zareo ireo, saingy na iray aza tsy mbola nisy notsaraina.
28Up to 20 people sleep laid out on mats or foam mattresses in windowless rooms measuring 4 meters by 5. During the day, they are placed under the police's vigilant eye into a courtyard, measuring 20 meters by 20, onto which the rooms open.Anaty efitrano mirefy 4 metatra ny sakany, 5 metra ny halavany, tsy misy varavarankely ry zareo no matory, hatramin'ny olona efa ho 20, malao ladina an-tany ambony bodofotsy sy kidoro spaonjy. Rehefa amin'ny antoandro dia mivangongo anaty tokontany iray mirefy 20 metatra amin'ny 20 metatra izay any daholo no mitodika ny varavaran'efitra rehetra, eo ambany fanaraha-mason'ny polisy.
29They are all between 20 and 30 years old.Tanora eo anelanelan'ny 20 sy 30 taona ireo.
30And what did they do wrong?Ny hadisoan-dry zareo ve?
31Attempt to reach Europe in search of asylum.Nanandrana hihazo an'i Eraopa mba hangataka fialokalofana.
32The blog observatoirecitoyen.over-blog.org discloses [fr] that:Ny bilaogy observatoirecitoyen.over-blog.org mamosaka fa :
33The principle of non-refoulement, enshrined in the 1951 in the United Nations Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, prohibits sending a person back to a country where his life or freedom may be threatened. …Ny foto-kevitry ny tsy fanosehana hiverina, voasoratra ao anatin'ny Fifanarahan'ny Firenena Mikambana tamin'ny 1951 mikasika ny satan'ireo mpitsoa-ponenana, dia mandrara ny famerenana olona iray hiverina any amin'ny firenena iray izay loza mitatao ho an'ny fiainany sy ny fahalalahany. …
34From May to July 2009, some 602 migrants were intercepted at sea and immediately turned away. They were chiefly sent back to Libya, a country where “every person arrested risks being subjected to serious mistreatment,” or of being sent back to a country where such risks do exist, the CPT remarked (Committee for the Prevention of Torture).Mpitsoa-ponenana eo amin'ny 602 no voapaingotra teny an-dranomasina ary naverina avy hatrany teo anelanelan'ny May sy Jolay 2009, nalefa tany Libia indrindra indrindra, firenena iray izay “na iza na iza olona voafonja any dia mety hizaka fomba fitondra faran'izay ratsy tokoa” na mety halefa any aminà firenena iray misy karazana loza mitatao tahaka izany, hoy ny fanamarihan'ny CPT (Comité de prévention de la torture).
35Of course, the CPT admits, “States have the sovereign right to protect their borders and control immigration,” but Italy should review its procedures to ensure that all intercepted migrants first receive care and can apply for asylum.Ekena, hoy izy miaiky, “manan-jo tanteraka hiaro ny sisintaniny sy handrindra ny fifindra-monina ireo firenena ireo”, saingy mila miverina mandinika ny fepetrany i Italia mba hiantohana fa ireo mpitsoa-ponenana rehetra tratrany dia, voalohany indrindra, hahazo fikarakaràna sy ho afaka maetraka fangatahana fialokalofana.
36Unfortunately in Europe, Italy is not the only country to carry out forced mass repatriations.Indrisy anefa fa any Eraopa, tsy irery akory i Italia amin'ny fampiharana fampidiana tamba-be atao an-terisetra.
37This association reports [it] that:Manaitra [it] ity fikambanana ity fa hoe :
38Since 1988, at least 18,058 [it] people have died along Europe's borders.Hatramin'ny 1988, 18 058 raha kely ireo olona namoy ny ainy tany amin'ny sisintanin'i Eraopa.
39Of this only 2,251 have died since the beginning of 2011.Izay ny 2251 dia hatramin'ny nanombohan'ny taona 2011 fotsiny.
40This data was updated on December 7, 2011, and was based on the census data from the international press archives over the past 23 years.Navaosina tamin'ny 7 desambra 2011 ireo angona tao ary mifototra amin'ireo angona avy amin'ny fanisàna tany anaty tahirinà gazety iraisam-pirenena nandritra ny 23 taona farany.
41The real figure could be much higher.Mety mbola ho ambony lavitra aza ny tena tarehimarika marina.
42No one knows how many ships have wrecked since we have never heard.Tsy misy mahalala hoe firy marina no mety ho faharendrehana nisy izay mety ho tsy rentsika velively.
43Only the families of the missing persons know. These families, from Morocco to Sri Lanka, have been questioning for years what has happened to their children who left one day for Europe and never came back.Fa ny fianakavian'ireo nanjavona irery ihany no mahalala, izay hatreo Maraoka ka hatrany Sri Lanka no manontany tena ny amin'izay niafaran-janany nandeha nihazo an'i Eraopa indray andro tany aloha tany, ary tsy niverina intsony.
44Paolo Lambruschi, for his part, wrote [it] on website of the Italian Episcopal Conference's newspaper:Paolo Lambruschi, etsy an-daniny, dia nanoratra [it] tao amin'ny tranonkalan'ny gazetin'ny Kaonferansa Episkopaly Italiana hoe :
45And, something which concerns all EU countries, the operations of Frontex patrols in the Mediterranean will be revised, because for the first time the pushing back of groups at borders and on the high seas is tantamount to mass deportations.Ary, zavatra mahazo ny firenena rehetra ao anaty Fiombonambe Eraopeana, naverina nodinihana ny hetsika Frontex ataon'ny mpisafo tao amin'ny ranomasimbe Méditerranée, satria sambany izao ny fanosehana hiverina ireo vondrona teny amin'ny sisintany sy tany an-dranomasina no noraisina ho toy ny fandroahana tamba-be.
46Italy will have to pay 15,000 euros plus legal costs to 22 of 24 plaintiffs, 11 Somalis and 13 Eritreans.Ho an'ireo mpitaraina 22 amin'ny 24, izay somaliana ny 11 ary eritreana ny 13, dia tsy maintsy mandoa onitra 15.000 Euros amboniny ho saran'ny fitsarana i Italia.
47The other two are dead.Ny roa hafa dia efa nindaosin'ny fahafatesana.
48Gabriele Del Grande's blog fortresseurope.blogspot.com concludes [it]:Ilay tatitra mampiseho ny antony sy ny valim-pitsarana avy amin'ny Fitsarana Eraopeana momba ny zon'Olombeolna dia azo tsidihana eto.
49One day, at Lampedusa and at Zouara, at Samos at Evros, at Las Palmas and at Motril, shrines will be erected with the victims' names from these years of repression of freedom of movement.Ny bilaogin'i Gabriele Del Grande fortresseurope.blogspot.com dia mamarana hoe : Indray andro any, ao Lampedusa sy ao Zouara, ao Samos ao Evros, ao Las Palmas sy any Motril dia hatsangana ny tsangambato hisy ny anaran'ireo rehetra niharan-doza nandritra ireny taona nanaovana herisetra tamin'ny fahalalahana hihetsika ireny.
50And we won't be able to tell our grandchildren that we didn't know.Ary ireo zafikelintsika tsy afaka ny hiteny akory fa hoe tsy nahalala na inona na inna isika.
51Here you can find a comprehensive presentation and updates of information, from 1988 until today.Ity misy fanehoana feno sy fanavaozam-baovao, nanomboka ny 1988 ka hatramin'izao.
52For an analysis of the statistics, border by border, read the map Fortezza Europa (Fortress Europe).Raha handalina antontan'isa, isaky ny sisintany tsirairay, vakio ny sarintany Fortezza Europa (Forteresse Europe).