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1 | Fresh Air for Guinea-Bissau: A Country in Search of Prosperity | Rivotra Madio Ho an'i Ginea-Bisao: Firenena Iray Miandrandra Fiadanana |
2 | This article, written by Silvia Arjona Martín, was originally published on the AECOS website with the title “Fresh Air for Guinea-Bissau” [es] on 26 August 2013. | Ity lahatsoratra ity, izay nosoratan'i Silvia Arjona Martín, dia navoaka voalohany indrindra tao amin'ny vohikalan'ny AECOS teo ambanin'ny lohateny “Fresh Air for Guinea-Bissau” [es] (Rivotra Madio Ho an'i Ginea-Bisao) ny 26 Aogositra 2013. |
3 | The limited ability of Guinea-Bissau to provide for its inhabitants as the country undergoes a political transition following the latest coup d'etat on 12 April 2012 is making daily life uncomfortable and difficult for the vast majority of its 1.6 million people. | Ny fahafahana voafetra ananan'i Ginea-Bisao hanome ho an'ny vahoakany, noho ny fizoran'ny firenena anatinà tetezamita ara-politika taorian'ilay fanonganam-panjakana farany niseho ny 12 Aprily 2012, dia mahatonga ny andavanandrom-piainana ho mahasorena sy sarotra ho an'ny ankamaroan'ny vahoakany izay miisa 1.6 tapitrisa. |
4 | Cadija Mané, a sociologist specialising in human rights, tears up and her voice trembles as she explains the situation that the people of Guinea-Bissau are experiencing: | Maratra anaty i Cadija Mané, mpandinika ny fiaraha-monina mifototra amin'ny zon'olombelona, ary nangovitra ny feony raha nanazava ny toe-javatra iainan'ny vahoakan'i Ginea-Bisao: |
5 | It's disgraceful, miserable and pathetic that we're going to celebrate 40 years of independence and we live in a country where we cannot dream! | Tsy mahafinaritra, mahonena sady mahaontsa ny fahitana fa hankalaza ny faha-40 taonan'ny fahaleovantena isika nefa miaina anatinà firenena iray tsy ahafahantsika manonofy akory! |
6 | Living in a country where primary basic services, such as electricity and drinking water, are constantly lacking in people's homes is not easy. | Tsy moramora ny miaina anatinà firenena izay tsy ampy lalandava ireo tolotra fototra ilaina tahàka ny jiro sy ny rano fisotro any an-tranon'ny vahoaka. |
7 | It can be seen everywhere: hospitals without the necessary technical material and staffing, schools without well-trained teachers, food shortages in more rural areas, violations of women's rights, intimidation and a lack of freedom of expression, corruption, drug trafficking, no communications system, etc. | Hita taratra eny rehetra eny izany: trano fitsaboana tsy misy mpiasa sy fitaovana ara-teknika ilaina, toeram-pianarana tsy manana mpanabe voaofana tsara, tsy fahampian'ny sakafo any amin'ireo faritra ambanivolo kokoa, fanitsakitsahana ny zon'ny vehivavy, fampitahorana sy tsy fahampian'ny fahalalahana miteny, kolikoly, fanodinkodinana zava-mahadomelina, tsy fisian'ny foto-drafitrasa fifandraisana, sns. |
8 | The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) places Guinea-Bissau, a small country located between Senegal and Guinea Conakry, in the 176th position out of 186 countries. | Mametraka an'i Ginea-Bisao, firenena kely eo anelanelan'i Senegaly sy Ginea Conakry, ho eo amin'ny laharana 176 amin'ireo firenena 186 ny Fandaharan'asa Fampivoaran'ny Firenena Mikambana (PNUD). |
9 | If we add to this the fact that life expectancy at birth is 48 years old, the gross national product is 1,042 dollars per capita (constant 2005 international dollars), and the primary school dropout rate stands at 88 percent, amongst other statistics, we are able to get a vague idea of the living conditions offered by the country. | Raha ampiantsika anatin'izany fa ny tombatombam-pahavelomana dia 48 taona, ny harinkarena faobe eo amin'ny firenena dia 1.042 dolara isaky ny olona (dolara iraisam-pirenena tsy miova hatramin'ny 2005 ), ary 88 isanjato ny fanajanonana ny fianarana any amin'ny garabola, anivon'ireo salanisa hafa, dia afaka mandray an-tsaina kely ny fepetram-pahavelomana omen'ny firenena isika. |
10 | In the capital Bissau, these conditions are less visible, with the exception of the potholed, dirt streets, rubbish littering every corner - including around the Presidential Palace itself - and the absolute darkness which covers the city as soon as the sun sets. | Any Bisao renivohitra, tsy dia hita faritra loatra ireo fepetra ireo, raha tsy mijery ny kiloadoaka amin'ny làlana, ny arabe maloto, ny fako mivangongo isaky ny fiolanana - tafiditra amin'izany ny manodidina ny Lapam-panjakana - sy ny haizina mandrakotra tanteraka ny tanàna vantany vao mody ny masoandro. |
11 | It is more evident in rural areas, where the shortages are more pronounced and where financial difficulties in purchasing food are beginning to increase in significance, above all following this year's fall in prices for the production of cashew nuts, the most important source of income in the country. | Hita kokoa izany any amin'ireo faritra ambanivohitra, izay mafy kokoa ny tsy fahampiana sy ny fitomboan'ny fahasahiranana ara-bola eo amin'ny fividianan-tsakafo, ambonin'izany rehetra izany ny fitotonganan'ny sandan'ny famokarana voanà mahabibo, izay loharanom-bola lehibe indrindra ao amin'ny firenena. |
12 | One of the streets in the centre of the capital, Bissau. | Iray amin'ireo arabe ao afovoan'ny renivohitra, Bisao. |
13 | Photo by Silvia Arjona | Sary an'i Silvia Arjona |
14 | According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations (FAO), Guinea-Bissau is currently experiencing a significant food shortage, which could be affecting some 260,000 people in the interior of the country, as a result of poor agricultural production and the political instability which the country is undergoing. | Araka ny Fikambanan'ny Firenena Mikambana Misahana Ny Sakafo sy ny Fambolena (FAO), misedra tsy fahampian-tsakafo goavana i Ginea-Bisao amin'izao fotoana, izay mety hiantraika aminà vahoaka miisa 260.000 ao anatin'ny firenena, vokatry ny famokarana marefon'ny fambolena sy ny tsy fahamarinan-toeran'ny politika misy ao amin'ny firenena. |
15 | It is perhaps for this reason that Fernando Delfín da Silva, Minister of Foreign Business, Cooperation and Communities of the current transition government, considers the guaranteeing of food security to be a political priority. | Mety ho izany no antony mahatonga an'i Fernando Delfín da Silva, Minisitry ny Raharaham-bahiny, ny Fifanarahana ary ireo Vondrom-piarahamonina ao anatin'ny governemanta tetezamita misy amin'izao fotoana, hihevitra ny fiantohana ny fiarovana ara-tsakafo ho laharam-pahamehana politika. |
16 | From his large office in the Palace of the Government of Bissau, Da Silva worriedly explains the situation, calling in some way upon the international community: | Avy any amin'ny birao lehibeny any amin'ny Lapan'ny Governemantan'i Bisao, nanazava tamin'ahiahy ny zava-mitranga i Da Silva, izay miantso amin'ny fomba tsy mivantana ny fianakaviambe iraisam-pirenena: |
17 | Since we began the cycle of cashew nuts, many years ago, people exchanged cashew nuts for rice. | Hatramin'ny nanombohantsika namokatra voanà mahabibo, taona maro lasa izay, nanakalo voanà mahabibo ho vary ny vahoaka. |
18 | In this way, a kilo of rice was equal to a kilo of cashew nuts. | Tamin'izany fomba izany, mitovy amin'ny vary iray kilao ny voanà mahabibo iray kilao. |
19 | Today, on the contrary, with a kilo of rice you can buy three kilos of cashew nuts, which means that there has been a decrease in the exchange rate, a serious problem which we need help with. | Ankehitriny, anefa, raha manana vary iray kilao ianao dia afaka mividy voanà mahabibo telo kilao, izay midika fa nisy fihenany ny taham-pifanakalozana, olana iray goavana ilàntsika fanampiana. |
20 | The lack of companies processing not only cashews, of which more than 200,000 tons are exported each year, as well as others which the country produces, is one of the key causes of Guinea-Bissau's limited development. | Iray amin'ireo antony lehibe indrindra mahatonga ny fivoarana voafetran'i Ginea-Bisao ny tsy fahampian'ireo orinasa manodina, tsy ny voanà mahabibo ihany, izay maherin'ny 200.000 taonina no ahondrana isan-taona, fa ireo hafa vokarin'ny firenena ihany koa. |
21 | Da Silva emphasises that the key is in processing: | Manipika i Da Silva fa mivoatra io antony io: |
22 | We must process our agricultural products. | Tsy maintsy manodina ireo vokatra ara-pambolentsika isika. |
23 | Without this, we will not have good roads, good schools, good hospitals or good public institutions. | Raha tsy izany, tsy hanana arabe tsara, sekoly tsara, toeram-pitsaboana tsara na koa fotodrafitrasa tsara. |
24 | The economic model must be urgently changed and transformed, as the one which we have now creates poverty instead of fighting it. | Tsy maintsy ovaina haingana sy amboarina ny lamina ara-toekarena, satria ilay ananantsika amin'izao fotoana tsy miady amin'ny fahantrana fa mamorona aza. |
25 | And it is not very difficult. | Ary tsy dia sarotra loatra izany. |
26 | By changing this, in four or five years Guinea-Bissau could significantly reduce its poverty levels and create almost 20,000 jobs. | Raha manova izany isika, hanena be ny fahantrany i Ginea-Bisao ao anatin'ny efatra na dimy taona ary hamorona eo amin'ny asa 20.000 eo ho eo. |
27 | And all of this without using sophisticated or complicated technology! | Ary dia tsy ampiasàna teknolojia lavorary na sarotra ampiasaina izany rehetra izany! |
28 | He is convinced that this is the change which the country must pursue in order to reach a level of human, economic and social development which will provide a better quality of life for its inhabitants. | Resy lahatra izy fa io no fiovàna tsy maintsy hizoran'ny firenena raha te-hahatratra fivoarana eo amin'y maha-olona, ara-toekarena ary sosialy avo kokoa, izay hanome hatsaram-piainana tsara kokoa ho an'ny mponiny. |
29 | In the second part of the article, we will learn about the vision of the young people's collective Movement for Citizen Action, which was created in the last year to provide a response to popular indignation. | Anatin'ny tapany faharoa amin'ity lahatsoratra ity, hahafantatra momba ny fijerin'ny fikambanan'ny tanora “Hetsika Iraisan'ny vahoaka” isika, izay noforonina tamin'ny herintaona mba hanomezana vahaolana manoloana ny hatezeram-bahoaka. |