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1Protesting Students and Teachers in Myanmar Reject Law They Claim Will Strengthen Junta-Era Schooling SystemMyanmar : Toherin'ny Mpianatra Sy Ny Mpampianatra Ny Lalàna, Lazainy Fa Fanamafisana Ny Rafi-Pampianarana Tamin'ny Andron'ny Jadona Miaramila
2Students protesting outside the Dagon University in Yangon.Ireo mpianatra manao hetsi-panoherana ivelan'ny Oniversiten'i Dagon any Yangon.
3Photo from Facebook page of Confederation of University Student Unions.Sary avy amin'ny pejy Facebook-n'ny Fiombonamben'ny Fikambanan'ny Mpianatry ny Oniversite (Confederation of University Student Unions).
4The new National Education Bill of Myanmar, which was passed in late July this year and is currently awaiting the president's approval, is considered by some students, teachers and civil society organizations as a violation of human rights standards.Noheverin'ireo mpianatra, mpampianatra ary ny fiarahamonim-pirenena sasany ho fanitsakitsahana ny fenitry ny zon'olombelona ilay volavolan-dalàna vaovao momba ny fanabeazam-pirenena any Myanmar, vao nolaniana tamin'ny volana Jolay tamin'ity taona ity ary mbola miandry ny fankatoavan'ny filoha.
5The elements of the legislation that are deemed controversial include restriction on the forming of student societies, centralization of the education system and emphasis on government control, marginalization of ethnic education and their languages, and the lack of transparency in the process.Ireo singa ao anatin'ilay lalàna izay heverina fa naha-be adihevitra dia nahitàna ny fameperana ny famoronana fikambanan'ny mpianatra, ny fampivondronana ny rafi-panabeazana ary ny fanizingizinana ny fifehezan'ny fitondrana, ny fanaovana ankilabao ny fanabeazan'ireo foko hafa sy ny fiteniny ary ny tsy fisian'ny fangaraharana teo ami'ny fizotry ny fandaniana ilay lalàna.
6In early September, protests and demonstrations against the bill were organized in front of universities by students in Mandalay, Sagaing and Yangon, among others.Ny fiandohan'ny volana Septambra teo. nisy hetsi-panoherana sy fanehoan-kery nataon'ny mpianatra nanoloana ny Oniversiten'i Mandalay, Sagaing ary Yangon, sy ny hafa.
7The opposition was later joined by several civil societies organization.Natevenin'ireo fiarahamonim-pirenena maro io hetsika io tato aoriana.
8Aung Myo Min, the director of the Equality Myanmar, thinks that the bill does not meet the human rights standards and failed to incorporate the suggestions of community-based organizations.I Aung Myo Min, talen'ny Fitovian'i Myanmar, dia mihevitra fa tsy mifanojo amin'ny fenitry ny zon'olombelona io lalàna io ary tsy nahavita nampiditra ny hevitr'ireo vondrona ifotony.
9He said:Izao no nolazainy :
10Analyzing the bill, we have noticed that the National Education Bill has included [policies] that are not in keeping with the will of community-based organization.Eo am-pandalinana ilay volavolan-dalàna, dia hitanay fa misy [politika] tsy mifanaraka amin'ny zavatra takian'ny vondrom-piarahamonina ifotony ilay volavolan-dalàna momba ny fanabeazam-pirenena.
11As a human rights activist, [I have] found that it's a little bit slack on human rights standards, so we've taken a stand in favor of changes.Amin'ny maha-mpikatroka mpiaro ny Zon'Olombelona ahy, dia hitako fa marefo ho an'ny fenitry ny zon'olombelona izany, noho izany dia nanapa-kevitra hijoro ho amin'ny fanovàna izahay.
12The latest support for the campaign came from the Myanmar Teachers' Federation which plans to join the protests if the bill is not going to be revised in Parliament.Avy tamin'ny Federasion'ny Mpampianatra any Myanmar ny fanohanana farany ny hetsika, mihevitra ny hanatevin-daharana ilay hetsi-panoherana izy ireo raha toa ka tsy averin'ny parlemanta dinihana io volavolan-dalàna io.
13In their official Facebook page, Myanmar Teachers' Federation declared:Nanao fanambarana tao amin'ny pejy Facebook ofisialiny ny Federasion'ny Mpampianatra any Myanmar :
14We have learned that student associations around the country are determined to accelerate the peaceful protests if the authorities (will force the passage) of the bill, neglecting the wishes of the students, teachers and parents and deviating from the standards of Democracy; we fully support this determination.Fantatray fa feno fahavononana ny hanafaingana ny hetsi-panoherana am-pilaminana ireo fikambanan'ny mpianatra manerana ny firenena raha toa ka (hoteren'ny mpitondra holaniana) ilay volavolan-dalàna, nefa ataony tsinontsinona ireo fanirian'ny mpianatra, ny mpampianatra ary ny ray aman-dreny sady manalavitra ny fenitry ny Demokrasia ; tohananay tanteraka izany fahavononana izany.
15Nandar Phone Myint from Irrawaddy Magazine wrote an article, explaining the controversial aspects of the bill and why it revived the centralized control of the education system by the state:Nanoratra lahatsoratra iray i Nandar Phone Myint mpiasa ao amin'ny gazety boky Irrawaddy, hanazavàny ny endrika miteraka resabe ananan'ilay volavolan-dalàna sy ny antony ameloman'io indray ny fifehezana mivangongo ataon'ny fnajakana amin'ny rafi-panabeazana :
16The reason the National Education Bill cannot progress is that it was drafted mainly by the people who had a very influential and major role in the education system during the junta's rule and they have incorporated into the education bill their entrenched predisposition for centralized rule and imposition of restrictions.Ny antony tsy mampahomby ilay volavolan-dalàna momba ny Fanabeazam-Pirenena dia noho izy narafitr'ireo olona ambony sy nitàna andraikitra lehibe tamin'ny rafi-panabeazana nandritra ny fitondrana jadona miaramila ary mbola natsofony ao anatin'ilay volavolan-dalàna momba ny fanabeazana ny fahavononany hanamafy ny fitantanan'ny foibe sy ny fametrahana ny fameperana.
17The military took power in 1962 and it imposed absolute control in the country for the next three decades.Tamin'ny 1962, nandray ny fitondrana ny tafika ary nofeheziny tanteraka ny firenena nandritra ny taompolo telo nanaraka.
18A civilian election was held in 2010 but the government is still backed by the military.Nisy fifidianana nataon'ny olom-pirenena tsotra tamin'ny 2010 saingy mbola governemanta notohanan'ny tafika ihany.
19During the junta's era, universities were established outside the city to prevent students from gathering to protest.Nandritra ny vanim-potoanan'ny jadona miaramila, dia naorina tany ivelan'ny tanàna ny Oniversite mba hanakanana ny fivondronan'ireo mpianatra tsy hanao hatsi-panoherana.
20Meanwhile, the National Network for Education Reform (NNER), which was formed in 2012 as an independent and diverse network of university professors, lecturers, Buddhist monks, ethnic education groups, opposition groups, teachers and students, has held seminars across the country to discuss education reforms that the country should pursue. They noted in particular that the nature of the Education Bill is discriminatory against students with special needs:Nandritra izany fotoana izany, dia nanao semnera lehibe nanerana ny firenena mba hifanakalozana hevitra momba ny fanavaozana ny fanabeazana tokony arahan'ny firenena ny Tambajotram-pirenena ho an'ny Fanavaozana ny Fanabeazana (National Network for Education Reform - NNER), niforona tamin'ny 2012 ho toy ny tambajotra tsy miankina ary ireo tambajotra maro karazana nahitàna ireo mpampianatra eny amin'ny Oniversite, ny mpampianatra amin'ny ambaratonga ambony, ny mpitondra fivavahana Bodista, ireo vondrom-panabeazana eny amin'ny foko, ireo vondrona mpanohitra, ny mpampianatra sy ny mpianatra, izay.
21Despite the country's obligation to implement an inclusive education for disabled students in compliance to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UN-CRPD), the proposed legislation of the government states that a separate education will be given to disabled children with “special education programme”, which is a discrimination.Notsipihan'izy ireo manokana fa endrika fanavakavahana atao amin'ireo mpianatra manana filàna manokana ny antom-pisain'ilay volavolan-dalàna momba ny fanabeazana : Na dia eo aza ny faneren'ny firenena hametraka fanabeazana tsy manavakavaka ho an'ireo mpianatra sembana, araka ny Fanekena nataon'ny Firenena Mikambana momba ny Zon'ny Sembana (UN-CRPD), ilay lalàna natolotry ny fitondrana dia milaza fa homena “fandaharam-pianarana manokana” hanabeazana azy ny ankizy sembana, izay fanavakavahana.
22This must be amended.Tsy maintsy asiam-panitsiana izany.
23The network also drafted an educational policy and submitted it for parliamentary review.Nandrafitra politikam-panabeazana iray ihany koa ilay tambajotra ary nanolotra izany ho dinihan'ny parlemanta.
24In their statement they also want that three languages, namely, ethnic native, Myanmar and English languages, to be integrated in the school curriculum for ethnic children.Ao anatin'ny fanambaràn'izy ireo dia tian'izy ireo ihany koa hampidirina ao amin'ny fandaharam-pianarana ho an'ireo ankizy avy amin'ny vondrom-poko ireo karazam-pitenenana telo, tondroina amin'izany ny fitenim-poko niaviana, ny Myanmar sy ny teny Anglisy.
25Dr. Thein Lwin from NNER also said that students must be encouraged in the new education system to develop critical thinking skills:Nambaran'i Dr. Thein Lwin mpikambana ao amin'ny NNER ihany koa fa tsy maintsy amporisihina amin'io rafi-panabeazana vaovao io ny mpianatra mba hampiroboroboana ny saina tia mamadibadika :
26Students need to have the chance to share their life experiences in relation to the lessons they learn inside the classroom.Mila manana vintana ho afa-mizara ny zavatra iainanay mifandraika amin'ny lesona ianarany any an-tsekoly ny mpianatra.
27Currently, many teachers don't approve of students' answers if they are different from their teaching notes, which prevents students to develop critical thinking skills.Amin'izao fotoana izao, maro ny mpampianatra no tsy manaiky ny valintenin'ny mpianatra rehefa tsy mitovy amin'ny lesona nadikany izany, antony iray misakana ny fivelaran'ny saina tia mamadibadika ao amin'ny mpianatra.
28The current education system of Myanmar is long overdue for reform from the tightly controlled schooling system which marginalizes ethnic culture and language.Ny rafi-panabeazana any Myanmar amin'izao fotoana izao dia fanavaozana ny rafi-pampianarana voafehy fatratra izay manao ankilabao ny kolontsaina sy ny fitenim-poko.
29It is also highly criticized for suppressing creativity and critical thinking by emphasizing rote learning and memorization.Voakiana mafy ihany koa iazy io amin'ny fanafoanana ny asa famoronana sy ny saina mikarokaroka tamin'ny fanamafisana ny fanaovana tsianjery sy ny fitadidiana izany.
30The series of protests by students, teachers, academics and civil society groups shows the broad challenge raised against the decades-long authoritarian style education system implemented by the junta; and at the same time it reflects the government's failure to listen to the voices of the people.Mampiseho ny fanamby ajoron'ireo mpianatra, mpampianatra, ireo mpianatra amin'ny Oniversite sy ny vondron'ny fiarahamonim-pirenena hanoherana ny rafi-panabeazana jadona am-polo taona maro nandritra ny jadona miaramila ilay andiana hetsi-panoherana; no sady taratry ny tsy fahombiazan'ny mpitondra amin'ny fihainoana ny feon'ny vahoaka ihany koa.