# | eng | mlg |
---|
1 | Who Do We Lose With Internet Censorship and Control? | Very An'Iza Isika Amin'ny Fanivànana Sy Fifehezana Ny Aterineto? |
2 | Tehran sunset. | Fiposahan'ny masoandro tao Tehran. |
3 | Photo by Hamed Saber via Flickr (CC BY 2.0) | Sary avy amin'i Hamed Saber tao amin'ny Flickr (CC BY 2.0) |
4 | In 2011 I asked an Iranian human rights activist in Tehran to search some simple terms, part of a test for Internet filtering. | Tamin'ny 2011, nangataka Iraniana iray mpikatroka sy mpiaro zon'olombelona tao Tehran aho mba hitady fomba fiteny tsotra vitsivitsy, ampahany amin'ny andrana hitsapàna ny sivana atao amin'ny aterineto. |
5 | I forget it now, but the term was something like “American football”. | Adinoko izy io izao, saingy raha tsy diso aho dia tahakahàka izao ilay teny: “American football”. |
6 | He replied that he was scared. | Novaliany fa natahotra izy. |
7 | He couldn't do it. | Tsy vitany ny hanao izany. |
8 | But aren't you curious?, I asked. | Fa tsy tia mikarokaroka izany ianao?, hoy aho nanontany. |
9 | No. Not any more. | Tsia. Tsy tia intsony. |
10 | I'm not curious at all. | Tena tsy tia mikarokaroka intsony mihitsy aho. |
11 | I don't ask questions. | Tsy mametraka fanontaniana. |
12 | I don't even ask questions about things I want to know. | Na dia ny hanontany izay zavatra tiako ho fantatra aza tsy ataoko. |
13 | It doesn't matter. | Tsy maninona izany. |
14 | That time is past. | Efa zavatra taloha izany. |
15 | And he disconnected. | Ary dia notapahany ny fifandraisana. |
16 | We never spoke again. | Tsy niteny intsony mihitsy izy avy eo. |
17 | I began studying Internet censorship in 2009. | Nanomboka nandalina ny resaka sivana anaty aterineto aho tamin'ny 2009. |
18 | Since that time much has been made of the lost revolutionary stifled by online censorship or the opportunities for political and social change that are lost when the Internet is controlled. | Nanomboka tamin'izany fotoana izany dia noresahana betsaka ny amin'ireo revolisiona nokendain'ny sivana an-tserasera na ireo fotoana fanararaotra hitondràna fiovàna ara-politika sy sôsialy very rehefa nofehipehezina ny aterineto. |
19 | This idea drives millions of dollars in funding, documentary films, and countless articles in global media each year, all of which envision the Internet as a vehicle for freedom of expression, an opportunity to express ourselves and know others and in doing so to create meaningful political change. | Isan-taona dia vola dolara an-tapitrisa no mirotsaka ho fanampiana an'io hevitra io, hamokarana horonantsary fanadihadiana, ary lahatsoratra tsy tambo ho isaina erak'ireo media erantany, izay aminavinan'ny tsirairay ny aterineto ho toy ny fantsona iray ho an'ny fahalalahana maneho hevitra, fahafahan'ny tena miteny ary mahafantatra ny hafa, ka amin'ny fanaovana izany dia mahaforona fiovàna ara-politika manana ny lanjany. |
20 | But my friend's last words show there is someone missing in this story, and it's not the political activist or democratic idealist. | Fa ny teny farany avy amin'ilay namako dia mampiseho hoe misy olona iray banga ao anatin'io tantara io, ary tsy ilay mpikatroka ara-politika na ilay idealista demaokraty. |
21 | The person missing has little to do with politics. | Olona tsy misy idirany loatra amin'ny politika. |
22 | His last words forced me to ask myself: Who do we lose with Internet censorship? | Nanery ahy hanontany tena ilay teniny farany : Very an'iza isika amin'ny fanivànana ny aterineto? |
23 | In 2006, the personal search histories of more than 600,000 AOL users were leaked. | Tamin'ny 2006, tafaporitsaka ireo tantaram-pikarohana manokana nataon'ny olona maherin'ny 600.000 nampiasa AOL. |
24 | The search history of one of these users, number 711391, became the subject of a fascinating series of short films titled “I love Alaska.” | Ny tantaram-pikarohana nataon'ny iray tamin'ireny mpampiasa ireny, nitondra ny laharam-pamantarana 711391, no nanjary lasa matoan-dresak'ilay andianà sarimihetsika fohy mahavariana mitondra ny lohateny hoe “Tiako i Alaska.” |
25 | The search queries of a lonely, religious, married woman in the American south are the central narrative of the films. | Ny fikarohana nataonà vehivavy iray tokan-tena, mpino, manambady any Amerika Atsimo, ireo no ivon'ny fitantaràna ao anatin'ireo sarimihetsika. |
26 | She searches for personal meaning, desperately seeks intimacy in her marriage, and ventures into infidelity, with sojourns through regret, Internet addiction, and a longing to escape her life and move to Alaska. | Mikaroka ny antom-pisiany izy, very hevitra mikatsaka ny maha-izy azy manokana ao anatin'ny tokantranony, ary nanandrana nijabaka tamin'ny fanitsakitsahana tokantrano, niaraka tamin'ny fandalovana fotoana vitsy tao anatin'ny nenina, ny fiankinan-doha tamin'ny aterineto, ary ny faniriana fatratra handositra ny fiainany ka hifindra any Alaska. |
27 | The films pull the viewer away from the “big data” lens. | Misintona ireo mpijery handeha lavitra hiala amin'ny masoben'ny “big data” - angon-drakitra lehibe - ilay sarimihetsika. |
28 | Instead, we see a human being exploring parts of herself in one of the few intimate environments in which we can be utterly ourselves: the Internet. | Fa kosa, olona mamadibadika ny momba ny tenany manokana ao anaty tontolo iray tsy nataony ho an'ny daholobe no hitantsika, tontolo izay ahafahantsika miseho amin'ny tena maha-isika antsika manontolo: ny aterineto. |
29 | Removed from social pressure and the judgment of others, user #711391 reveals how the Internet allows us to engage in a mode of self-exploration and research, a way to wrestle with the parts of ourselves that we may be scared to explore with others - parts that we feel safer in exploring through an anonymous search engine. | Afaka amin'ny tsindry sôsialy sy ny fitsaratsaràn'ny hafa, ahariharin'i #711391 ny fomba amelàn'ny aterineto antsika ho afaka hirotsaka aminà endrika fandinihan-tena lalina sy fikarohana, làlana iray hitolomana amin'ireo kasinga hafa manome ny “isika” izay mety atahorantsika ny fiarahana mitrandraka azy amin'ny hafa - kasinga izay tsapantsika ho azo antoka kokoa amin'ny fikarohana atao amin'ny alàlan'ny milina iray tsy itononana anarana. |
30 | User #711391 had no sense that the Internet she knew was censored, monitored, or controlled. | Tsy tao an-tsain'i #711391 ny hoe voasivana sy voara-maso ary voafehy anie io aterineto fantany io. |
31 | She felt able to ask questions of an intensely personal nature in place where she would find no judgement. | Nahatsiaro tena ho afaka mametraka fanontaniana faran'izay mahakasika ny tenany manokana izy tao anaty toerana iray mety tsy nahitàny fitsaratsaràna. |
32 | Some of her searches: | Ireto ny sasantsasany tamin'ny fikarohana nataony : |
33 | 2006-05-09 i thought i could handle an affair but i couldnt 2006-05-09 god can heal affairs 2006-05-12 i feel so damaged inside from an affair i had 2006-05-15 how can you tell if your spouse put spyware on your computer 2006-05-16 how to get him back | 2006-05-09 noheveriko fa ho haiko ny hitantana fijangajangana saingy hay tsy vitako 2006-05-09 azon'Andriamanitra sitranina ny fijangajangàna 2006-05-12 mahatsiaro ho voa be any anatiko any aho noho ny fijangajangana vitako 2006-05-15 ahoana no ahafahanao miteny raha toa nasian'ny vadinao rindrambaiko fitsikilovana ao anaty solosaina 2006-05-16 ahoana no atao mba hiverenany indray |
34 | For my friend in Tehran, Internet control paralyzed any sense of self-exploration - he wouldn't ask any more questions about anything that could get him in trouble. | Ho an'ilay namako ao Teheran, manangoly izay rehetra fahafahanao mitrandraka ny aminao manokana ny fifehezana ny aterineto - mety tsy hametraka fanontanina mikasika na inona na inona intsony izy, izay mety hampidi-kizo azy. |
35 | A deep and unknown part of his self would lay hidden. | Araka izany dia mety hijanona mandrakizay tsy ho voatrandraka ny ampahany lalina sy tsy mbola fantatra momba azy. |
36 | How much of a young man in his twenties still remains undiscovered and unknown to himself? | Firifiry amin'ireo tanora ao anatin'ny faharoapolo taona misy azy no mijanona ho tsy hitany sy tsy fantany akory? |
37 | While certainly there are other means to explore ourselves, not all questions can be explored openly, especially those with strong social or cultural taboos. | Na dia azo antoka aza fa misy fitaovana hafa afaka hitrandrahantsika ny momba ny tenantsika manokana, tsy ny fanontaniana rehetra no ho azo trandrahana imasom-bahoaka, indrindra fa ireo miresaka fadifady henjana ara-piarahamonina sy kolontsaina. |
38 | Perhaps some of these questions are familiar: Am I homosexual? | Efa mahazatra angamba ny sasany amin'ireny fanontaniana ireny: mpitia mitovy taovam-pananahana amiko ve aho? |
39 | Does God exist? | Misy ve Andriamanitra? |
40 | Am I a bad person? | Olona ratsy ve aho? |
41 | Is there anyone else like me? | Misy olona tahaka ahy ve any ho any? |
42 | Is it okay to be myself? | Tsara ve ny mitoetra ho amin'izay efa maha-izaho ahy? |
43 | Why does my partner hit me? | Fa maninona ny olona miaraka amiko no midaroka ahy ? |
44 | There are those of us who ask these questions through the Internet, using search engines to ask the same questions we may have once privately asked of a god. | Misy amintsika mametraka ireny fanontaniana ireny ety anaty aterineto, amin'ny fampiasàna ny milina fikarohana mba hametrahana fanontaniana mitovy amin'izany, izay tokony ho Andriamanitra no nanontaniantsika azy tany amin'ny takontakona. |
45 | But we ask these questions of ourselves, to seek out connection and understanding of who we are and to understand our place on earth, especially when such understanding is absent in our daily lives or societies. | Saingy mametraka ireny fanontaniana mikasika ny tenantsika manokana ireny ihany isika, mba hikatsahana finamànana sy fahatakàrana ny hoe iza isika ary hahafantarana ny toerantsika eto amin'ity tontolo ity, indrindra rehefa tsy misy izay fahatakàrana izay eo amin'ny fiainantsika andavanandro na ny fiarahamonina misy antsika. |
46 | For a brief moment, finding some small element of self-acceptance or understanding online can be the difference between a life of vitality and spirit and a life of bare existence. | Mandritry ny fotoana fohy, ny fahitàna singa bitika ety anaty serasera amin'ny fanekena na fahatakarana ny tena ety nanaty serasera dia afaka ho ilay elanelana misy eo amin'ny fiainana entanin'ny fahavitrihana sy ny fanahy, ary ny fiainana amin'ny maha-olo-miaina fotsiny izao. |
47 | And a life of spirit is nourished through regularly knowing one is accepted and loved precisely for who they are. | Ary ny fiainana ara-panahy dia mivelona amin'ny alàlan'ny fahafantaran'ny olona iray fa ekena sy tiana tokoa amin'ny maha-izy azy izy. |
48 | Through Internet censorship and control we lose an ability to be our own secret human - the one we are when nobody is around, sometimes late at night before we go to bed - and the type of human we are entitled to be by simple virtue of our birth. | Very amin'io sivana sy fanarahamaso atao amin'ny aterineto io ny fahafahantsika ny ho tena ilay isika miafina ao anaty ao - ilay iray izay isika rehefa tsy misy na iza na iza intsony eo amin'ny manodidina, indraindray amin'ny alimbe alohan'ny hiakarana ao am-pandriana - ary ilay karazan'olona teo am-pahaterahana voatendry ho isika fotsiny izao. |
49 | We can be within our existence and within our world most fully when we are most ourselves. | Afaka miaina finaritra amin'ny fomba feno sy tanteraka ny fisiantsika eto anivon'ny tontolo isika rehefa mijanona amin'ny maha-tena isika antsika. |
50 | In an ideal scenario, this should carry no limits. | Tsy tokony hisy fetra io raha anatinà fanatontosana an-tsehatra iray. |
51 | One might be interested in learning more about a prohibited religion, their eternal questions unsatisfied by what they have access to. | Ny olona iray mety ho liana aminà fandalinana mikasika ny finoana iray voaràra, ireo fanontaniany hatrizay tsy nahazoany fahafahampo tamin'izay zavatra mba azony nidirana. |
52 | Perhaps another person sees something metaphysical rather than political in democracy, a form of self-liberation rather than political liberation, but will never know it because the word “democracy” is censored. | Angamba ny olona iray hafa mety mahita fomba fijery metafizika kokoa ao anatin'ny demaokrasia raha miohatra amin'ny politika , karazana fanafahan-tena fa tsy fanafahana ara-politika, nefa tsy hahalala velively azy io satria voasivana ny teny hoe “demaokrasia”. |
53 | It could be that an “indecent” photograph would be part of someone's journey to heal the wounds of domestic abuse, or that they could search about domestic abuse in the first place, but any avenue to explore and make peace in private is utterly shuttered, controlled, and monitored. | Mety koa io ho olona mpakasary “sahisahy” te-ho mpandray anjara ao anatin'ny làla-nodiavin'ny olona iray mba hitsaboany ny ratran'ny herisetra an-tokantrano, na mety ny herisetra an-tokantrano mihitsy no tena vaindohan-javatra katsahan'ilay olona voalohany indrindra, saingy mikatona daholo, voafehy sy voaara-maso izay rehetra mba làlana azo hitrandrahana sy hitadiavana fitoniana ho an'ny tena manokana. |
54 | I spoke with an Iranian activist refugee in Amsterdam later that year. | Niresaka taminà Iraniana iray , mpikatroka mitsoa-ponenana ao Amsterdam aho ny faramparan'io taona io. |
55 | I mentioned the fear of the Internet. | Navoitrako ny tahotra ny aterineto. |
56 | I didn't need to say more, as she understood immediately. | Tsy nila niteny betsaka aho, satria tonga dia fantany avy hatrany. |
57 | She said I couldn't understand it, but I was on to something. | Nolazainy fa tsy hainy mihitsy ny fandehany, nefa kosa nahakitika fery aho. |
58 | It was scary to wonder and ask. | Nampahatahotra ny hanontany tena sy ny hametraka fanontaniana. |
59 | Not worth it. | Tena tsy nilaina akory. |
60 | Even in Europe she had blocked off parts of herself which yearned to be known through Internet searches: uncertainty about her sexuality, her marriage at a young age to a man she barely cared for, and trying to reconcile her religion with human shortcomings. | Na ao Eoropa aza izy, dia misy singa ao anatiny momba azy manokana nobahanany mihitsy, izay nila fantatra tamin'ny alalan'ireo fikarohana atao amin'ny aterineto : fisalasalàna momba ny resa-pananahany, ny fanambadiany aloha loatra taminà lehilahy izay tsy dia ahoany akory, ary ny fiezahany hampifanaraka ny finoany amin'ireo tsy fahatomombanan'ny olombelona. |
61 | But after the 2009 protests and Internet clampdown she became scared of searching for an answer - she knew the government was monitoring the Internet. | Fa taorian'ireo hetsi-panoherana tamin'ny 2009 sy ny famoretana ny aterineto, dia lasa saro-tahotra amin'ny fikaroham-baliny izy - fantany fa nanara-maso ny aterneto ny governemanta. |
62 | Our last coffee together was heartbreaking: she was too far committed to the person she had invented as a means of survival to change. | Nahavaky fo ny kafe farany niarahanay nisotro : lasa mifamatotra tafahoatra tsy afa-miova amin'ilay olona noforoniny ho solon'ilay tena izy taminy ikala mba ho fomba hanohizany miaina. |
63 | She had become the undiscovered person through an internalized fear of self-exploration. | Ho an'ny tenany ihany dia lasa olona tsy fantatra izy, noho ny tahotra tsy ahasahiany mitady ilay tena “iziny” latsaka anaty ao aminy. |
64 | For some, Internet censorship and control is a political tragedy, one that represents the stifling of the democratic dream by building walls in the global flow of information. | Ho an'ny sasany dia tetikady politika ny fanivànana sy fanaraha-maso ny aterineto, iray mampiseho ny famotehana ireo nofinofy demaokratika amin'ny fananganana rindrina hibahanana ny fivezivezen'ny vaovao erantany. |
65 | But it also builds walls inside ourselves, against ourselves. | Nefa koa manangana rindrina ao anatintsika ihany izy io, manohitra ny tenantsika ihany. |
66 | For me, Internet censorship has brought an undue end to the time for self-wonder, replacing it with a new era in which we ask no more questions about ourselves because the risk is just too great. | Ho ahy, nandevina ny fotoana nampitolagaga antsika noho ny amin'ny tenantsika ihany ny fanivànana ny aterineto, nanolo azy io tamin'ny vanim-potoana iray vaovao izay tsy ametrahantsika fanontaniana intsony momba ny tenantsika manokana satria ambony loatra ny raho-mitatao aterany. |
67 | This is the great personal tragedy of Internet censorship and control: young men and women who believe the time for questions has passed. | Ity no tena zava-doza be mahazo ny tena manokana noho ny sivana sy fanaraha-maso ny aterineto : ireo tovolahy sy tovovavy izay mino fa efa zavatra taloha izany fotoana fametrahana fanontaniana izany. |
68 | How we learn to relate to and explore ourselves doesn't end when our geography or circumstances change. | Tsy hoe mifarana akory ny fomba nianarantsika hifandray sy hitrandraka ny maha-isika antsika rehefa injay miova ny jeografia sy ny toe-javatra. |
69 | It has been learned and adopted through being instilled with varying degrees of fear and terror, something which can take a lifetime to face. | Efa nianarana sy niraikitra tsikelikely nanaraka ny ambaratongan-tahotra sy horohoro samihafa io, zavatra izay mety ho atrehana mandritry ny andro iainana. |
70 | The last time we spoke, the young refugee in Amsterdam taught me how these learned behaviors follow us wherever we go. | Ny fotoana farany niresahanay, nampianarin'ilay tanora mpitsoa-ponenana tao Amsterdam ahy ny fomba anarahan'ireny fitondrantena azontsika ireny antsika any amin'izay toerana rehetra alehantsika. |
71 | She looked at me, speaking in a voice which sang beyond herself and her time and said: “I want to fly out of this life. | Nibanjina ahy izy, niteny tamin'ny feo nalefaka toy ny tsy avy aminy no sady tsy tamin'ny fotoanany: “te-hanidina hiala amin'ity fiainana ity aho. |
72 | Fly out of Amsterdam, out of everything. | Hanidina hiala an'i Amsterdam, hiala ny zavatra rehetra. |
73 | But I can't. | Saingy tsy afaka. |
74 | I wanted to learn this, but in some way I forgot how.” | Naniry hianatra an'io aho, nefa efa adinoko hoe amin'ny fomba ahoana.” |
75 | This essay won first prize in the #GV2015 Summit competition, “How Do Internet Policies Affect Your Community?” | Cameran Ashraf dia Iraniana-Amerikana mpikatroka amin'ny fiarovana zo, no sady mpandraharaha sosialy izay manomana PhD any UCLA amin'izao fotoana izao, momba ny toerana geopolitiques tànan'ny aterineto. |
76 | Cameran Ashraf is an Iranian-American digital rights activist and social entrepreneur who is currently completing his PhD at UCLA on the geopolitics of the Internet. | Nahazo ny loka voalohany tamin'ny fifaninanana #GV2015 Summit ity lahatsoratra andrana ity, “Ahoana no Fiantraikan'ny Aterineto Eo Amin'ny Vondrom-piarahamonina Misy Anao [Eng]?” |