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1 | Thank the Ottoman Empire for That Taco You're Eating | Misaora Ny Fanjakana Ottoman Amin'io Taco Izay Haninao io |
2 | Tacos al pastor from Carmela's Mexican Restaurant in Beaumont, Texas. | Tacos al pastor ao amin'ny Toeram-pisakafoana Meksikana Carmela ao Beaumont, any Texas. |
3 | Credit: Randy Edwards/CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 | Sary : Randy Edwards/CC BY-NC-ND 2.0 |
4 | This article and radio report by Deena Prichep and Daniel Estrin for The World originally appeared on PRI.org on May 7, 2015, and is republished here as part of a content-sharing agreement. | Ity lahatsoratra sy tatitry ny fampielezampeo ity izay nataon'i Deena Prichep sy Daniel Estrin ho an'ny Le Monde tamin'ny niandohany dia nivoaka tao amin'ny PRI.org ny 7 May 2015, ary averina havoaka eto ho toy ny ampahany amin'ny fifanarahana fizarana votoaty. |
5 | At the Supermercado Mexico in Portland, Oregon, you'll find a turning spit of pork, basted with chili and onions, dripping fat and flavor. | Ao amin'ny Supermercado ao Meksika any Portland, Oregon, no ahitanao kisoa hatsatsika, asiana sakay sy tongolo, hosorana menaka sy zavamanitra. |
6 | Shave some off into a tortilla and you've got a taco al pastor, the classic Mexican street food. | Andidio kely izany ka ataovy ao anaty tortilla dia hahazo taco al pastor ianao, sakafo nentin-paharazana Meksikana eny an'arabe. |
7 | It's a similar scene halfway across the world in Jerusalem. | Seho mitovitovy amin'izay ihany manerana izao tontolo izao ny any Jerosalema. |
8 | At the hole-in-the-wall Al Waary restaurant, there's a vertical rotisserie of beef spinning next to the flames, flavored by tangy vinegar. | Ao amin'ny toeram-pisakafoana “voalavaka amin'ny rindrina” Al Waary , misy fitonòna hena omby mijidina mihodina eo akaikin'ny lelafo, asiana vinaingitra somary marikivy. |
9 | Shave some off into a pita, and you've got shawarma - the quintessential Middle Eastern street meat. | Anasilao kely izany dia ataovy ao anaty pita, dia hahazo shawarma ianao - hena nentin-paharazana eny an'arabe any amin'ny Faritra Afovoany Atsinanana. |
10 | If you're thinking these beloved dishes might be linked, you're right. | Raha mieritreritra ianao fa mety misy hifandraisany ireo sakafo tsara ireo, marina ny anao. |
11 | So we hit the street food trail to find out, starting in Jerusalem. | Noho izany pehantsika hotetezina ireo sakafo an'arabe mba hamaliana izany, manomboka any Jerosalema. |
12 | “Shawarma is very, very interesting,” says Ali Qleibo, a Palestinian anthropologist, sitting at the Al Waary shawarma joint. | “Mahaliana dia mahaliana tokoa ny shawarma,” hoy Ali Qleibo, palestiniana manampahaizana momba ny olombelona, eo am-pipetrahana akaikin'ny tono hena shawarma ao Al Waary. |
13 | The origin of the word shawarma comes from the Turkish word çevirme, which means “turning.” | Ny niandohan'ny teny shawarma dia avy amin'ny teny tiorka çevirme, izay midika hoe “mihodina”. |
14 | Ali Qleibo, a Palestinian anthropologist, in front of Al Waary shawarma stand in Jerusalem. | Ali Qleibo, Palestiniana manampahaizana momba ny olombelona, eo anoloan'ny fivarotana shawarma ao Al Waary ao Jerosalema. |
15 | Credit: Daniel Estrin. | Sary : Daniel Estrin. |
16 | Published with PRI's permission | Navoaka miaraka amin'ny fanomezan-dàlan'ny PRI |
17 | You can find some version of shawarma everywhere in the Middle East where the Ottoman Empire once reigned. | Mazava loatra fa mety hahita karazany maro amin'ny shawarma ianao any amin'ny toerana rehetra any amin'ny Faritra Afovoany Atsinanana izay nanjakan'ny Ottoman fahiny. “ |
18 | “Turks call it döner kebab; Greeks call it gyro; Iraqis call it kas,” Qleibo says. | ” Kebab döner no iantsoan'ny Tiorka azy ; gyro no iantsoan'ny Grika azy ; kas no iantsoan'ny Irakiana azy”, hoy Qleibo. |
19 | “This shows you the all-pervasive influence of the Ottoman Empire, because all the subjects of the Ottoman Empire eat shawarma even though they call it by different names.” | “Izany dia mampiseho aminao ny dindo mieli-patrana napetraky ny Fanjakana Ottoman, satria mihinana shawarma daholo ny olon'ny Fanjakana Ottoman na dia samihafa aza ny anarana iantsoany azy. |
20 | Of course, the people of the Ottoman Empire didn't all stay there. | Mazava ho azy fa tsy nijanona tany daholo ny vahoakan'ny Fanjakana Ottoman. |
21 | About 36,000 people under Ottoman rule left for Mexico between the late 19th and early 20th century. | Manakaiky ny 36.000 ny olona lasa nankany Meksika teo anelanelan'ny faran'ny taonjato faha 19 sy ny fiandohan'ny taonjato faha 20 nandritry ny fanjakana Ottoman. |
22 | “People came from as far as Egypt. | “Tonga avy any Egypta lavitra any ny olona. |
23 | I found some people [who] came from Iraq,” says Theresa Alfaro-Velcamp, a history professor at Sonoma State University who has tracked the migration of Middle Easterners to Mexico. | Nahita olona sasany avy any Iraka aho, hoy i Theresa Alfaro-Velcamp, mpampianatra tantara ao amin'ny Oniversitem-panjakana Sonoma izay manaraka akaiky ny fifindramonina avy any amin'ny Faritra Afovoany Atsinanana mankany Meksika. |
24 | “The majority came from the Levant, as it was called during that time, which is now modern-day Lebanon and Syria.” | “Avy any Atsinanana ny ankamaroany, araky ny fiantsoana azy tamin'izany fotoana izany, izay i Libanona sy i Syria amin'izao fotoana izao.” |
25 | The migrants left for the usual reasons: looking for economic opportunity, dodging army conscription and escaping sectarian violence. | Nandeha nohon'ny antony mahazatra ny mpifindra monina : nitady hirika ara-toekarena, niala amin'ny raharaha miaramila ary nandositra ny herisetra ara-pivavahana. |
26 | And when they arrived, they brought their food with them. | Ary rehefa tonga izy ireo, nentiny niaraka taminy ny sakafony. |
27 | “By the 1930s, there were restaurants that served shawarma,” says Jeffrey Pilcher, a historian and author of the book “Planet Taco.” | “Tany amin'ny taona 1930, nisy toeram-pisakafoana izay nandroso shawarma,” hoy Jeffrey Pilcher, mpahay tantara ary nanoratra ny boky “Planet Taco.” |
28 | A shawarma sandwich in Jerusalem. | “Sandwich” shawarma ao Jerosalema. |
29 | Swap in pork for lamb, and a tortilla for a pita, and you've got the Mexican classic, Taco al Pastor. | Soloy hena ondry ny hena kisoa, ary soloy pita ny tortilla, dia ahazo sakafo nentim-paharazana meksikana ianao, ny Taco al Pastor. |
30 | Credit: Daniel Estrin. | Sary : Daniel Estrin. |
31 | Published with PRI's permission | Navoaka miaraka amin'ny fahazahoan-dalana nomen'ny PRI |
32 | Then the cuisine morphed: “During the 1960s, the Mexican-born children of these Lebanese migrants … start opening up their own restaurants, and they start to create a kind of a hybrid cuisine,” Pilcher says. | Dia niova ny fomba fahandroan-tsakafo : “Nandritry ny taona 1960, ny ankizy Meksikana teraka avy amin'ireo mpifindra monina libane ireo … dia nanomboka nanokatra ny toeram-pisakafoana azy manokana, ary nanomboka namorona karazan-tsakafo nampivadiana,” hoy Pilcher. |
33 | “They take the technology that they grew up with in these Lebanese restaurants, the vertical rotisserie - but instead of using lamb, they use pork,” Pilcher says. | “Nahazo ny haitao avy amin'ireo toeram-pisakafoanana libane niainany mandra-pahalehibe izy ireo, ny fitonòna hena mijidina - nefa ny hena kisoa no ampiasainy ho solon'ny hena ondry,” hoy Pilcher. |
34 | “They marinate it in a red chili sauce, which gives it that distinctive color, and they cook these up and serve them and call them tacos al pastor.” | “Alonany ao anaty saosy misy sakay mena, izay manome azy ny loko miavaka, ahandroiny ary arosony ka antsoiny hoe taco al pastor.” |
35 | Even the term “al pastor,” which means “in the style of the shepherd,” is a nod to the original Middle Eastern lamb version of the dish. | Na ny teny “al pastor” izay midika hoe “amin'ny fomban'ny mpiandry ondry” aza dia fiaikena ny karazana niandohan'ny sakafo avy amin'ny hena ondry ao amin'ny Faritra Afovoany Atsinanana. |
36 | When Mexico's economy boomed after World War II, tacos al pastor moved from small towns to bigger cities and eventually into the US. | Rehefa niroborobo ny toekarena tao Meksika taorian'ny Ady Lehibe Faharoa, nifindra avy amin'ny tanàna kely nankany amin'ny tanàn-dehibe ny taco al pastor ary tonga tany Etazonia no niafaràny. |
37 | The fact that this classic dish was a relatively recent import from the Middle East doesn't necessarily make it any less Mexican, adds Pilcher, the taco historian. | Nanampy i Pilcher, mpanoratra tantara momba ny taco, fa na dia nafarana vao haingana avy any amin'ny Faritra Afovoany Atsinanana aza io sakafo io, tsy midika izany fa tsy meksikana io sakafo io. |
38 | “Authenticity isn't always something that dates back to the ancient Aztecs and Mayas,” he says. | “Tsy zavatra nitranga tamin'ny fotoanan'ny Azteka sy Maya fahiny daholo akory ny kalitao niandohana,” hoy izy. |
39 | “That meaning of Mexico is continually being recreated in every generation.” | “Averina foronina foana isaky ny andian-taranaka mifandimby izany dikany izany ao Meksika.” |
40 | But whether it's lamb or pork, tortilla or pita, Jerusalem or Portland, the essentials have remained the same: Fat and fire, a handful of spices, a quick meal - and a taste of tradition. | Na izany aza, na hena ondry na hena kisoa, na tortilla na pita, Jerosalema na Potland, mitovy ihany ny fototra niandohany : Menaka sy afo, hanitra eran'ny tànana, sakafo vita haingana - ary tsiro netim-paharazana. |