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1Zambia's Crippling Energy Crisis Is Changing Life for Everyone.Manova Ny Fiainan'ny Tsirairay Ny Olan'ny Tsy Fahampian'ny Angovo any Zambia.
2And Not for the Better.Ary Tsy Amin'ny Tsaratsara Kokoa.
3The Kariba Dam.Ny tohodrano Kariba.
4Photo by Adam Ojdahl, March 9, 2015.Sary avy tamin'i Adam Ojdahl 9 Martsa 2015.
5CC 2.0.CC 2.0.
6A near-nationwide power outage hit Zambia earlier this year, knocking out electricity in both the capital in Lusaka and the Copperbelt mining region in the north.Namely an'i Zambia ny fahatapahan'ny herinaratra nanerana ny firenena tamin'ny voalohan'ity taona ity, nahafaty ny herinaratra tao Losaka renivohitra sy Copperbelt, faritra misy fitrandrahana harena ambanin'ny tany any avaratra.
7A few months later, the power utility company Zambia Electricity Supply Corporation, better known by the acronym ZESCO, introduced “load-shedding” throughout most of the country to ration the power supply.Volana vitsivitsy taorian'izay, nampiditra ny “fahatapahan-jiro mifandimby” tamin'ny faritra maro tao amin'ny firenena, mba hizarazaràna ny famatsiana herinaratra, ny orinasanà herinaratra “Zambia Electricity Supply Corporation” (Orinasa Mpamatsy Herinaratra an'i Zambia), fantatra kokoa amin'ny fanafohezana hoe ZESCO.
8The rationing of power has not only affected ordinary consumers, whose new struggles range from watching television to keeping groceries from spoiling, but is also hurting commercial enterprises that rely on electricity to operate.Tsy hoe namely ireo mpanjifa tsotra fotsiny ilay fizarazaràna herinaratra, izy ireo izay lasa miady amin'ny fitsinjaràna ny fijerena fahitalavitra sy ny fitazonana ireo entam-barotra tsy ho simba, fa ihany koa manimba ireo orinasa mpivarotra izay miankina amin'ny herinaratra ny fihodinan'ny asany.
9Some mining companies are even threatening to lay off workers, after ZESCO announced further reductions to the electricity it can supply to Zambia's mines.Mandrahona ny hampiato mpiasa amin'ny asany mihitsy ireo orinasa sasany mpitrandraka harena ambanin'ny tany, taorian'ny nanambaràn'ny ZESCO ny famerana vaovao ny herinaratra afaka vatsiany amin'ireo mpitrandraka any Zambia.
10Most of the country's electricity is generated at the Kariba Dam, on the Zambezi River bordering Zimbabwe, and at Kafue Gorge on the Kafue River, not far from Lusaka.Azo avy amin'ny Fefilohan'i Kariba ny ankamaroan'ireo herinaratry ny firenena, ao amin'ny Reniranon'i Zambezi manamorona an'i Zimbaboe, sy ao Kafue Gorge amin'ny Reniranon'i Kafue, tsy lavitra an'i Losaka.
11Some groups have expressed suspicions about the official reason offered for the energy cutbacks: low water levels at Lake Kariba and Lake Itezhi Tezhi, upstream of Kafue Gorge.Misy ireo vondrona sasany maneho ahiahy amin'ny antony ofisialy nolazaina momba ny fahatapahan'ny herinaratra: tena kely ny haavon'ny rano ao amin'ny Farihy Kariba sy Itezhi Tezhi, any ambonin'i Kafue Gorge.
12Edith Nawakwi, the leader of the Opposition Forum for Democracy and Development (and a former minister of energy in the 1990s), dismissed low water in the reservoirs as the reason for load-shedding, saying:Mandà ny filazàna ny haavon'ny rano ao amin'ny tobin-drano ho anton'ny fahatapahan-jiro i Edith Nawakwi, mpitarika ny Sehatra Firesahan'ny Mpanohitra ho an'ny Demokrasia sy ny Fampandrosoana (ary minisitry fahiny nisahana ny angovo tamin'ny taona 1990), milaza izao izy:
13By the way this story that there is no what in the Kariba is just a story because I was Minister of Energy and I must remind people that in 1994 we had no rains for two consecutive years and we didn't have this nonsense.Tantara fotsiny ny resaka hoe tsy misy rano ao amin'ny Kariba, satria efa Minisitry ny Angovo aho ary tsy maintsy mampahatsiahy ireo vahoaka fa tamin'ny taona 1994 isika tsy nisy orana nandritra ny roa taona nifanesy, ary tsy nisy izany zavatra tsy misy fotony izany teto.
14The problem that we have now is that this government has made ZESCO a cash till were they walk in and collect money to pay government salaries and therefore when ZESCO needs cash to buy transformers and repairs have to be done they have no cash.Ny olantsika amin'izao dia nataon'ity governemanta ity fangalàna lelavola mivantana amin'izay alehany ny ZESCO, ary angalàny vola handoavana ny karaman'ny governemanta, ka ankehitriny rehefa mila lelavola ny ZESCO hividianana ireo fanodinana angovo sy misy zavatra tokony amboarina, tsy manam-bola intsony izy.
15The non-governmental website Zambian Watchdog offered an entirely different reason for the large scale load-shedding, blaming the generators that were installed at both Kariba and Kafue Gorge during recent renovations.Nanome antony tena hafa amin'io mihitsy momba ny resaka fahatapahan-jiro manerana ny firenena ilay vohikala tsy miankina amin'ny fanjakana Zambian Watchdog, amin'ny fanamelohana ireo milina mpamokatra angovo napetraka tao Kariba sy tao Kafue Gorge nandritra ireo fanavaozana vao haingana.
16Sino Hydro Power, the Chinese Company that the PF government engaged to upgrade and rehabilitate Kariba North Bank and Kafue Gorge power stations installed substandard, cheap equipment that have lower capacity than the original British made machines they found and replaced….Sino Hydro Power, ilay Orinasa Shinoa izay nataon'ny governemanta PF hanavao sy hikarakara ireo tobin'angovo Kariba North Bank sy Kafue Gorge, dia nametaka fitaovana ambany noho ny fenitra ilaina sy mora vidy, izay manana fahafaha-mamokatra ambany noho ireo milina teo aloha vita Britanika hitan'izy ireo tao sy nosoloiny….
17This is what is causing the load shedding, according to highly placed ZESCO and government officials.Izany no mahatonga ny fahatapahan-jiro, araka ny mpiasa ambony ao amin'ny ZESCO sy ireo tomponandraiki-panjakana.
18Zambian Watchdog also quotes sources stating that the money used for the rehabilitation of the two power stations came from the 2012 Eurobond:Mitanisa loharano ihany koa ny Zambian Watchdog, izay milaza fa avy tamin'ny Eurobond 2012 ny vola nampiasaina ho an'ny fanamboarana ireo tobin'angovo roa ireo:
19This company removed the British machines and components that were installed some years back.Nesorin'io orinasa io ireo milina vita Britanika sy ny kojakoja mifandray aminy, izay napetaka teo taona maromaro lasa izay.
20But instead of expanding the machine capacities, the specifications were changed due to corruption and Zambians were cheated that bigger machines were being installed yet they were of the lower capacity and substandard compared to the original machines.Fa raha toa ka tokony nampitomboiny ny tanjaka fahafahan'ny milina mamokatra, novaina ireo mombamomba azy noho ny kolikoly ary nofitahana ireo Zambiana hoe nisy milina lehibebe kokoa napetaka, kanefa izy ireo tena ambany fahafaha-mamatsy sy tsy manara-penitra raha oharina amin'ireo milina teo aloha.
21It's like putting small tyres on a bigger vehicle carrying same or more load.Sahala amin'ny hoe mametaka kodiarana kely aminà fiara lehibebe kokoa mitondra vesatra mitovy na mihoatra.
22The ongoing load-shedding has increased the prices of charcoal and bread, according to the Facebook-based news forum Zambian Day:Nampiakatra ny vidin'ny saribao sy ny mofo dipaina ny fahatapahan-jiro amin'izao, araka ny Facebook famoaham-baovao Zambian Day:
23The toll taken on Lusaka residents by the current power rationing by state power utility firm Zambia Electricity Supply Corporation (ZESCO) has not included vendors of Charcoal locally known as ‘Malasha'.Tsy idiran'ireo mpivarotra saribao antsoina eo an-toerana hoe “Malasha”, ny hetra alaina amin'ireo mponin'i Losaka, amin'ny fizarazaràna ny herinaratra ankehitriny ataon'ny orinasam-panjakana mpanome tolotra herinaratra Zambia Electricity Supply Corporation (ZESCO).
24The vendors have increased the prices due to high demand.
25A 25kg bag that usually costs K35 [US$4.Nampiakatra ny vidin'entany ireo mpivarotra noho ny fiakaran'ny tinady.
265] has been hiked to K40 [US$5. 1] while a 90kg bag that normally fetches K120 [US$15.Nampiakarina ho K40 [5,1 dolara Amerikana] ny goninà 25kg izay novidiana K35 [4,5 dolara Amerikana] hatrizay, raha toa ka alaina amin'ny vidiny K120 [15,3 dolara Amerikana] ny tokony ho izy ny gony 90kg, lasa niakatra ho K150 [19,2 doalara Amerikana] izy amin'izao.
273] has gone up to K150 [US$19. 2]. Caught out in the power cuts have also been bakeries whose production schedules have been disturbed with production dipping posing a possible bread shortage that may translate in increased prices.Voakendan'ny fahatapahan-jiro ihany koa ireo mpamokatra mofo dipaina, izay lasa nikorontana ny fandaharam-potoanany amin'ny famokarana, amin'ilay fanamboarana mbola mila apetraka kely, ka lasa mety hiteraka tsy fahampian'ny mofo, izay midika hoe fiakaran'ny vidiny.
28Those whose bakeries which lie in areas where load-shedding is at odd times have resorted to changing the working schedule of their workers to keep in business.Mba hahafahany mijanona ao anatin'ny fandraharahàny dia nanova ny fandaharam-potoanan'ny mpiasany mihitsy ireo mpamokatra mofo mipetraka any amin'ny faritra ahitana fahatapahan-jiro amin'ny fotoana tampotampoka.
29Lusaka has been experiencing straight 8 hour power-cuts a day in the ongoing ZESCO load management attributed to low water levels in the Kariba Dam a main source for power generation in Zambia.Efa niaina fahatapahan-jiro nandritra ny ora 8 ao anatin'ny andro iray i Losaka, tamin'ny fitantanana ny fanaparitahana ny vesatra tao amin'ny ZESCO, nolazaina ho noho ny fahakelezan-drano ao amin'ny Tohodrano Kariba, loharano fototra ho an'ny famokarana herinaratra any Zambia.
30One Facebook user, Gift Tako Linyada Mbewe, added a humorous twist to the load-shedding, making ZESCO into the butt of the joke.Mpampiasa Facebook iray, Gift Tako Linyada Mbewe, nanisy hanihany tamin'ny fahatapahan-jiro, mametraka ny ZESCO ho fototry ny hanihany.
31YOU ARE COMPLAINING ABOUT LOAD SHEDDING KANSI [when] IT IS WORSE WITH ZESCO ITSELF.MITARAINA NOHO NY FAHATAPAHAN-JIRO KANSI IANAREO [raha] VAO MAINKA RATSY LAVITRA NY MIARAKA AMIN'NY ZESCO.
32IF ZESCO HAD CONTINUED WITH 8 HOUR LOADING SHEDDING IT WAS NOT GOING TO PAY ITS WORKERS.RAHA MBOLA NOTOHIZAN'NY ZESCO IHANY NY FAHATAPAHAN-JIRO MANDRITRA NY ORA 8, TSY NAHALOA NY KARAMAN'IREO MPIASANY INTSONY IZY.
33PEOPLE HAD STOPPED BUYING UNITS.NIJANONA TSY NIVIDY HERINARATRA INTSONY IREO VAHOAKA.
34LOAD SHEDDING IS HAMMERING ZESCO ITSELF HARDER THAN THE CONSUMERS.MIKAPOKA NY ZESCO MAFY NOHO IREO MPANJIFANY NY FAHATAPAHAN-JIRO.
35THEY HAVE REDUCED HOURS JUST TO RAISE ENOUGH FOR SALARIES AND OPERATION COSTS.NAHENAN-DRY ZAREO NY ORA MBA HANANGONANY FOTSINY IREO KARAMA SY IREO VOLA MIVOAKA AMIN'NY FANODINANA.
36Zambia's power company has over time changed the way it sells electricity, especially to domestic consumers who now have to pre-pay for service.Tao anatin'izany, nanova ny fomba famarotany ny herinaratra ihany koa ilay orinasa mpamatsy angovon'i Zambia, indrindra ho an'ireo mpanjfa an-trano izay lasa mandoa mialoha ny tolotra.
37With load-shedding, many people have stopped buying electricity altogether, it seems.Miaraka amin'ny fahatapahan'ny herinaratra, toa hita ho maro ireo olona nanajanona ny fividianana herinaratra.
38Judging by what many are writing on social media today, significant numbers of Zambians have apparently resorted to gas for cooking and using generators for standby power.Raha jerena amin'ny voasoratry ny maro ao amin'ny media sosialy ankehitriny, maro ireo Zambiana lasa mampiasa entona fandrehatra amin'ny fahandroana sakafo ary mampiasa milina mpamokatra herinaratra ho an'ny vonjy taitra.
39Some groups have also renewed efforts to get the government to remove the import duty on solar power equipment.Misy ihany koa ireo vondrona sasany nanavao ny ezaka mba hanalàn'ny governemanta ny haba amin'ny fanafarana fitaovana mpamatsy herinaratra mandeha amin'ny masoandro.