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1Abuse, Low Wages and Little Freedom: The Life of Hong Kong's Foreign MaidsFanararaotana, Karama Ambany Ary Fahalalahana Kiritika : Fiainan'ny Vahiny Mpiasa an-Trano Any Hong Kong
2A recent court case concerning the physical assault and torture of Indonesian maid Kartika Puspitasari by her employers has again unveiled the vulnerable condition of foreign maids in Hong Kong.Ny fitsaràna ny momba ilay herisetra ara-batana sy fampijalin'ireo mpampiasa an'i Kartika Puspitasari, mpiasa an-trano, no nanabaribary indray ny toe-piainana mampalahelon'ireo mpiasa an-trano vahiny any Hong Kong.
3Currently there are more than 310,000 foreign maids working in Hong Kong, and the number constitutes 3 percent of the international city's population.Mpiasa an-trano vahiny maherin'ny 310,000 no miasa any Hong Kong amin'izao fotoana izao, ary mandrakotra ny 3 isan-jaton'ny mponina any amin'ny tanàna iraisam-pirenena izany.
4But Hong Kong is rather notorious for its policy on foreign domestic workers (FDWs).Fantatra kosa amin'ny politikany momba ny mpiasa an-trano vahiny (FDWs) i Hong Kong.
5In addition to the immigration ordinance that excludes foreign domestic workers from applying for permanent residency in Hong Kong after working in the city for seven years, the “fortnight regulation” that requires FDWs to find a new employer within two weeks upon termination of contract makes it very difficult for the maids to change and choose their employers.Ankoatra ny lalàna momba ny fifindrà-monina, izay manakana ny fahazahoan'ireo mpiasa an-trano vahiny taratasy ahafahana mitoetra maharitra any Hong Kong aorian'ny fito taona niasàna, manahirana an'ireo mpiasa ihany koa ny hiova sy hifidy ny mpampiasa vaovao, araka ny “lalànan'ny dimy ambin'ny folo andro” izay manery ny FDWs hitady mpampiasa vaovao ao anatin'ny tapa-bolana taorian'ny nifaranan'ny fifanarahana.
6Furthermore, they are not protected by the city's minimum wage policy, and they are exploited by middle-agencies and forced to work long hours and live with their employers in extremely poor living conditions.Ankoatra izany dia tsy voaaron'ny fepetra mifehy ny karama farany ambany ao amin'io tanàna io ry zareo, no sady araraotin'ireo mpandraharaha mpanelanelana ka voatery hiasa ora maro ary hipetraka miaraka amin'ireo mpampiasa azy, anatin'ny fepetra tsy lavorary.
7Indonesian Maids Rally in Support of Abused Domestic Helper on September 15, 2013.Fitokonan'ireo mpiasa an-trano Indoneziana ho fanohanana ireo mpiasa an-trano iharan'ny fanararaotana tamin'ny 15 Septambra 2013.
8Photo by Tom Grundy.Sary avy amin'i Tom Grundy.
9When the story of Kartika was first revealed, many found it hard to believe because the labour market is supposed to be “free”.Betsaka no tsy nino rehefa nitranga ny tantaran'i Kartika satria noheverina fa “malalaka” ny tsenan'ny asa.
10Obviously such “common sense” is not applied to foreign maids who are less protected by law when compared to local citizens.Marina fa tsy mihatra amin'ireo mpiasa vahiny izay tsy dia voaaron'ny lalàna toa an-dry zareo tera-tany ny “tombon-tsoa iraisana”.
11Take a look at Hong Wrong blogger Tom Grundy's brief description of the case:‘Ndeha jerena ny fitantarana fohy nataon'i Tom Grundy, bilaogera ao amin'ny Hong Wrong momba io tranga io :
12Between October 2010 and October 2012, Kartika Puspitasari was allegedly beaten with a chain and a shoe, scalded with a hot iron, tied to a chair, had her hair chopped off and was forced to wear a diaper and children's clothes by her employers.Teo anelanelanelan'ny Oktobra 2010 sy ny Oktobra 2012 dia voalaza fa nokapohana taminà rojo sy kiraro, nodorana tamin'ny vy mahamay, nafatotra tamin'ny seza, notapaham-bolo ary noteren'ny mpampiasa azy hanao lamban-jaza sy akanjon'ankizy i Kartika Puspitasari.
13The employers were eventually sentenced to three years and three months and five and a half years respectively on September 18, 2013.Voaheloka telo taona sy telo volana ary dimy taona sy tapany ireo mpampiasa roa tamin'ny 18 Septambra 2013.
14The judge's decision was based on the hard evidence, in particular the 45 wounds found on the maid's body, but believed some of the testimonies were exaggerated and could not figure out why Kartika did not go to the police.Nohamarinin'ny mpitsara tamin'ny alàlan'ny porofo, singanina amin'izany ireo ratra 45 tamin'ny vatan'ilay mpiasa ny fanapahan-keviny, nefa nihevitra izy fa diso tafahoatra ireo fijoroana vavolombelona sasany ary tsy azony ny antony tsy nankanesan'i Kartika tany amin'ny mpitandro filaminana.
15Rosa from left21 who followed the court case in detail explained why the story sounded so “incredible” to local people by examining the unequal power relation between employers and maids in Hong Kong:Nohazavain'i Rosa avy amin'ny left21, izay nanaraka amin'ny antsipiriany ny fitsarana, ny antony “tsy mampino” ny mponina ao an-toerana ilay tantara, amin'ny fandinihany ny fifandraisan'ireo hery tsy mitovy eo amin'ny mpiasa sy ny mpampiasa any Hong Kong :
16The employer and employee are unequal within the legal process.Tsy mitovy lanja ny mpiasa sy ny mpampiasa amin'ny lafiny lalàna.
17The judge from the Labour Tribunal openly said that “If you are to stay, you have to pay” - according to the law, the maids cannot work during the legal process and the government will not pay for their living expenses and visa fees.Nambaran'ny mpitsara avy ao amin'ny Fitsarana momba ny Asa fa “Raha te-hijanona ianao, tsy maintsy mandoa ny vidiny”- araka ny lalàna dia tsy mahazo miasa ny mpiasa mandritra ny fotoana fanaovana ny fombafomba rehetra ara-pitsaràna ary tsy alohan'ny governemanta ny fahazoan-dàlana hijanona ao an-toerana sy ny sakafony.
18They have to pay (or seek help from charity organizations) in order to pay for the legal fees and seek justice.Tsy maintsy alohany (na angatahiny fanampiana amin'ireo vondrona mpanao asa soa) ny saram-pitsaràna sy mba hahazahoana ny fahamarinana.
19Confronted with the language barrier and the pressure of being unemployed, the legal system “if you are to stay, you have to pay” silences maids, and they choose to suffer in silence rather that confronting their employers in court.Noho ny tsy fahaizany ny tenim-pirenena ary teren'ny tsy fananana asa, dia ampanginin'ilay lalàna hoe : “raha te-hijanona ianao, tsy maintsy mandoa vola” ireo mpiasa an-trano, hany ka aleony miaritra mangina toy izay miatrika ireo mpampiasa azy ireo any amin'ny fitsaràna.
20Two of the allegations were ruled as invalid because the judge found the testimony unreliable.Fanambaràna roa no tsy noraisina satria hitan'ny mpitsara fa tsy azo antoka ny vavolombelona.
21He believed that it was impossible for the employers to tie the maid up for five days while they were traveling.Ninoany fa tsy azon'ny mpampiasa atao ny mamatotra ny mpiasa an-trano mandritra ny dimy andro nefa an-dàlam-pifindra-toerana izy ireo.
22He also found it impossible that the employer forced the maid to dress in undersized clothes or a transparent plastic bag and clean in front of the male employer.Hitany ihany koa fa tsy marina ny hoe noteren'ny mpampiasa hiakanjo tery na hanao akanjo plastika tsy miloko, teo am-panadiovana ny manoloana ny mpampiasa lahy.
23He could not believe that the maid did not have a chance to escape and believed that she chose not to do so.Tsy mino ihany koa izy fa tsy afaka nandositra ilay mpiasa, fa kosa nifidy ny tsy handositra.
24Curiously enough, the judge believed in the evidence that proved the employers' actions were cruel, inhumane and insulting, but still crafted his judgement according to the “common sense” of “normal” employment relations, and thus denied the victim's testimony.Ny mahavariana dia ninoan'ny mpitsara ny porofo fa mampijaly, tsy manaja ny maha-olona ary manala baraka ny zavatra nataon'ny mpampiasa, nefa dia navoakany ihany ny didim-pitsaràna araka ny “fepetra ankapobe”-n'ny amin'ny fifandraisana arak'asa “ara-dalàna”, ka nolaviny ny fijoroana vavolombelon'ny niharam-boina.
25The judge focused on the “hard evidence” while ignoring the invisible power created by threats, psychological stress, torture, hunger, seclusion, etc. Such invisible forces makes it difficult for the maid to runaway.Nirona bebe kokoa tany amin'ny “porofo mivaingana” ny mpitsara, ka tsy noraharahiany ny hery tsy hita maso ateraky ny fandrahonana, ny fikorontanan-tsaina, ny herisetra, ny hanoanana, ny fitokana-monina, sns… Ireo hery tsy hita maso ireo no mampananosarotra ny fandosiran'ny mpiasa.
26However, instead of changing the extremely unequal power relation between the employers and the maid, the Hong Kong immigration department is making it harder for the maid to change their employers, as reported by Tom Grundy in early September:Na izany aza, raha tokony hanova ny hery tsy mitovy mampifandray ny mpiasa sy ny mpampiasa ny sampan-draharahan'ny fifindrà-monina any Hong Kong, dia vao maika manasarotra ny fiovàn'ny mpiasa mpampiasa vaovao, araka ny nitateran'i Tom Grundy azy tamin'ny fiandohan'ny volana Septambra :
27In an attempt to combat the ‘non-problem' of ‘job shopping', the government has tightened rules to further entrap the city's long-suffering domestic helpers.Mba ho ezaka hiadiana amin'ny ‘tsy fisian'ny olana' amin'ny ‘tsenan'ny asa', dia nohamafisin'ny governemanta ny lalàna mba hamandrihana sahady ireo mpiasa an-trano nijaly efa ela tao an-tanàna.
28Last week, the Immigration Department responded to supposed ‘public concern‘,announcing that it will now make it harder for domestic workers to quit their contracts.Tamin'ny herinandro lasa teo izao dia novalian'ny sampan-draharaha miandraikitra ny fifindrà-monina ilay heverina hoe ‘olan'ny daholobe', tamin'ny fanambaràna fa ho sarotra ho an'ny mpiasa an-trano ny hanapaka ny fifanarahana nataony.
29Sheila explained how unfair the immigration department's two-week rule is to the FDWs is in Stories Beyond Borders, a crowd source advocacy video project:Nohazavain'i Sheila tao amin'ny Stories Beyond Borderst (Tantanra Any Am-pita ) fa tsy rariny ho an'ireo FDWs ny lalàna'ny tapa-bolana navoakan'ny sampan-draharahan'ny fifindrà-monina, tetikasan-dahatsary avy amin'ny vahoaka mavitrika:
30Many employers in Hong Kong do not understand that FDWs should have their own leisure time and private space.Maro amin'ireo mpampiasa any Hong Kong no tsy mahalala akory fa tokony hanana ny fialam-boliny sy ny fotoana malalaka ho azy ny FDWs.
31In an interview with citizen media platform inmediahk.net, Indonesian maid Ada talked about the difficulties confronted by her friends when they try to enroll in part-time study in Hong Kong:Notantarain'i Ada, mpiasa an-trano, tamin'ny resadresaka niarahana tamin'ny sehatra fampielezam-baovaon'olon-tsotra inmediahk.net ny zava-tsarotra sedrain'ireo namany rehefa mba manandrana ny misoratra anarana hianatra any Hong kong izy ireo :
32Hong Kong-based Irish photographer Gráinne Quinlan's photo project on “Why do you do what you do?”.Tetikasa an-tsary avy amin'i Gráinne Quinlan, mpaka sary Irlande monina any Hong Kong, momba ny hoe “Nahoana no manao io ataonao io ianao ?”.
33The team asked several foreign domestic workers to write down why they left their home country to work in another city.Nanontany mpiasa an-trano vahiny maromaro ny ekipa mba hanoratana ny antony nandaozany ny fireneny mba hiasa any an-tany hafa.
34Photo via Tom Grundy.Sary avy amin'i Tom Grundy.
35“I am very lucky as my family supports my education”. The employers also give her some degree of freedom.“Tena nanam-bintana aho fa nampianarin'ny fianakaviako” Omen'ny mpampiaza azy fotoana malalaka koa izy.
36They allow her to study provided that it would not affect her work.Mahazo mianatra izy raha toa ka tsy misy fiantraikany amin'ny asany izany.
37That's why she could enroll in a part-time degree without burden.Izany no nisoratany anarana hianatra tapak'andro aminà sekoly.
38Her friends' experiences are very different.Tena samy hafa ny zavatra ananan'ny namany.
39Many employers are worried that once they start studying, they won't be able to take care of work.Maro ny mpampiasa no mihevitra fa rehefa mianatra ry zareo dia tsy afaka hiasa tsara intsony.
40Some of her friends employers openly opposed to their request for permission to study.Ny sasany tamin'ireo mpampiasa ny namany dia nandà tsotra izao ny fangatahan'izy ireo mba hianatra.
41Some of her friends are too afraid to ask and have to study in secret after their employers go to sleep.Ny sasany indray tsy sahy manontany ka mianatra an-tsokosoko rehefa matory ny mpampiasa azy.
42Some friends have to suspend their studies once every few months.Ny hafa kosa voatery nanajanona ny fianarany indray mandeha isaky ny volana maromaro.
43A number of non-government organizations in Hong Kong are working together to pressure the government to abolish the mandatory live-in rule passed in 2003.Maromaro ihany ireo vondrona tsy miankina any Hong Kong miara-miasa ka manery ny governemanta hanafoana ny lalàna momba ny fonenana izay natao tamin'ny 2003.
44Vera So, contributing reporter from inmediahk.net, reported the civil society press conference:Notaterin'i Vera So, mpitati-baovao ao amin'ny inmediahk.net, ny valan-dresaka nataon'ny vondron'olon-tsotra:
45Cynthia Ca Abdon-Tellez from Mission For Migrant Worker (MMW) said it is unacceptable that the freedom to live-out is being criminalized.Nolazain'i Cynthia Ca Abdon-Tellez avy ao amin'ny Mission For Migrant Worker (MMW) fa tsy azo ekena ny fampiasàna ny fahalalahana monina any an-kafà hanaovana heloka bevava.
46The mandatory live-in rule forces the maid to live in spaces like the kitchen, toilet and storeroom and increase the risk of domestic violence.Ny lalàna mametra ny fiarahana mipetraka dia manery ireo mpiasa an-trano hipetraka any an-dakozia, trano fidiovana na trano fitoeran-korontana, ka mampitombo ny herisetra atao amin'ny mpiasa an-trano.
47In a survey conducted by MMW, among the 3,004 foreign domestic workers who they had interviewed, around 30 percent do not have their own room and have to sleep in the corridors or living room.Tamin'ny fanadihadiana nataon'ny MMW, tamin'ireo mpiasa an-trano 3.004 nanontaniana dia ny 30 isan-jato no tsy manana ny efitranony fa matory eny an-dàlan-tsara na any amin'ny efitra fandraisam-bahiny.
4880 percent have experienced different degree of violence - 60 percent verbal violence, 18 percent physical violence and 6 percent sexual violence.80 isan-jato iharan'ny herisetra - 60 isan-jato herisetra am-bava, 18 isan-jato herisetra ara-batana ary ny 18 isan-jato fanolanana.
49The situation is very grave.Tena henjam-be io toe-draharaha io.
50Cynthia said the live-in rule has been implemented for ten years and it is time that it was reviewed.Nolazain'i Cynthia fa efa folo taona izay no nametrahana ny lalànan'ny fiaraha-mipetraka ka fotoana tokony hijerena azy indray angamba izao.