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1The Salvadoran Town Where Migrants Are Hotly Debated Folk HeroesSalvador: Iadian-kevitra Hatrany ny hoe Iza ao an-Tanàna no Mpifindra Monina Voalohany
2A passport that belonged to Sigfredo Chávez.Pasipaoron'i Sigfredo Chávez.
3Intipucá celebrates him as its first migrant to take off for the US.Mankalaza azy noho izy mpifindra-monina voalohany nankany Etazonia ny Intipucá .
4Credit: Ruxandra Guidi.Sary: Ruxandra Guidi.
5Published with PRI's permissionNahazoan-dalana avy amin'ny PRI
6Intipucá is a small town in southeastern El Salvador that lies close to a beach popular with surfers.Tanàna kely ao ao atsimo-atsinanan'i El Salvador i Intipucà, miorina akaiky ny tora-pasika malaza amin'ireo mpikorisa an-dranomasina (surfers).
7But the reason most outsiders know about this place has nothing to do with tourism.Saingy tsy misy idiran'ny fizahantany ny zavatra fantatry ny ankamaroan'ny avy any ivelan'ny tanàna momba ity toerana ity.
8Intipucá is famous for the people who have left.Malaza amin'ny olona nandao azy i Intipucà.
9An estimated 5,000 Intipucá locals now live in and around Washington, DC.Eo amin'ny 5.000 eo ankehitriny ireo avy eo Intipucá no monina ao sy manodidina an'i Washington, DC.
10The mayor, Enrique Méndez, gave me his version of why people started leaving the town en masse for the US.Nilaza tamiko ny fijeriny mikasika ny antony nandaozan'ny vahoaka ny toerana hamonjy an'i Etazonia ny ben'ny tanàna, Enrique Méndez.
11“It was because of the armed conflict here in El Salvador,” he says, “and the first to go was Sigfredo Chávez.”Izany dia noho ny ady mitam-piadiana teto El Salvador,” hoy izy, “ary i Sigfredo Chávez no voalohany lasa any.”
12The statue of Sigfredo Chávez in Intipucá's migrant's park Credit: Ruxandra Guidi.Tsangambaton'i Sigfredo Chávez ao amin'ny kianjan'ny mpifindra monina ao Intipucá. Sary: Ruxandra Guidi.
13Published with PRI's permissionNahazoan-dalana avy amin'ny PRI
14The mayor's story isn't quite right.Tsy dia marina loatra ny fitantaran'ny ben'ny tanàna.
15The migration began in the late 1960s, at least 15 years before El Salvador descended into civil war.Nanomboka tamin'ny faramparan'ny taona 1960 ny fifindra-monina, farafahakeliny 15 taona talohan'ny nidiran'i El Salvador tao anaty ady an-trano.
16And when he says Sigfredo Chávez was the town's first migrant, several people in his office start to disagree.Ary raha nilaza izy fa i Sigfredo Chávez no mpifindra monina voalohany tao an-tanàna, tsy niombo-kevitra taminy ny olona maromaro tao amin'ny biraony.
17It turns out that the story of Intipucá's first migrant is part reality, part gossip and part legend.Fantatra fa misy ilany anganongano sy honohono ary misy ilany marina araka ny zava-misy ny tantaran'ity mpifindra monina voalohany niala tao Intipucà ity.
18One person who claims to know the real story is Oscar Romero, Sigfredo Chávez's nephew.Oscar Romero, zana-drahalahin'i Sigfredo Chávez no olona iray milaza fa mahalala tsara ny tena tantara.
19Early on a weekday morning, before he heads out to work, Romero meets me in front of the monument erected in his uncle's honor in Intipucá's main plaza.Indray andro vao maraina, alohan'ny andehanany hiasa, mihaona amiko eo anoloan'ny tsangambato natsangana ho fanomezam-boninahitra ny dadatoany ao amin'ny kianja lehiben'i Intipucá i Romero.
20Looking up at the clay statue of man with a backpack slung over his shoulder, Romero is clearly filled with pride.Mitraka mjery ny sarivongana tanimangan'ilay lehilahy miaraka amin'ny kitapo babena eo an-tsorony, feno rehareha tanteraka i Romero.
21“It's the first monument to emigrants in the world!” he says.“Ity no tsangambato voalohany hoan'ireo mpifindra monina eto amin'izao tontolo izao!”, hoy izy.
22“Nowhere else did people have the idea to praise their first migrant.“Tsy misy toeran-kafa nisy olona nanan-kevitra hidera ny mpifindra moniny voalohany.
23So my uncle now is an international symbol!”Ka ny dadatoako izao no famantarana iraisam-pirenena.
24Chávez is definitely something of a folk hero in Intipucá.Chávez no azo antoka fa anisan'olona mahery fon'ny vahoaka tao Intipucá.
25“He's fit and athletic,” Romero says, pointing to the statue.“Salama ara-batana sy mpanao fanatanjahantena izy,” hoy i Romero nanondro ny sarivongana.
26“You see his character traits on his face: Confident, driven.“Hitanao ny toetoeny eo amin'ny tarehiny: Matoky, vonona.
27He's headed north, in the direction of the airport.”Mitodika any avaratra izy, any amin'ny misy ny seranam-piaramanidina. “
28Chávez came from a landowning family that hit some hard times after El Salvador's agrarian reform.Avy amin'ny fianakaviana tompon-tany i Chávez izay niatrika fotoan-tsarotra taorian'ny fanavaozana ny fizakan-tany tao El Salvador.
29According to the story, his mother, an ambitious woman, pushed him to go the US to improve the family's fortunes.Araka ny tantara, nanosika azy hoany Etazonia ny reniny, vehivavy tia mivoatra mba hanatsaràna ny harenan'ny fianakaviana.
30Romero says his uncle left town in 1968 with a tourist visa; the first migrant from Intipucá didn't cross the US-Mexico border illegally on foot, like so many others after him.Nilaza i Romero fa nandao ny tanàna niaraka tamin'ny visa ho an'ny mpizaha-tany ny dadatoany tamin'ny 1968, tsy niampita ny sisintany Etazonia-Meksika tamin'ny fomba tsy ara-dalàna na nandeha an-tongotra tahaka ny maro taoriany ny mpifindra monina voalohany avy ao Intipucá.
31He went to Washington, DC, and his stories started filtering back a few months later.Nankany Washington, DC izy, ary nanomboka re ny tantarany volana vitsivitsy tatỳ aoriana.
32You could make a good living doing dishes and cleaning homes, he said.Afaka manana fiainana tsara amin'ny fanasana lovia sy fanadiovana trano ianao, hoy izy.
33A poster in Intipucá's cultural center celebrates the 45th anniversary since the first migrant left town for the US Credit: Ruxandra Guidi.Afisy ao amin'ny foibe ara-kolontsain'i Intipucá mankalaza ny tsingerintaona faha-45 nandaozan'ny mpifindra monina voalohany ny tanàna hamonjy an'i Etazonia. Sary: Ruxandra Guidi.
34Published with PRI's permissionNahazoan-dalana avy amin'ny PRI
35Many locals started to follow, and within a few years, Washington became the top destination for Intipucá natives.Maro ireo mponina tao an-toerana nanomboka nanara-dia azy, ka tao anatin'ny taona vitsivitsy monja, nanjary toerana fitobian'ireo teratany Intipucà i Washington.
36Some people in the town say about 300 people were leaving for the US every day, though that's clearly an exaggeration.Nilaza ny olona sasany tao an-tanàna fa olona teo amin'ny 300 isan'andro teo no namonjy an'i Etazonia, na dia tafahoatra aza izany isa izany.
37No matter the numbers, remittances from Washington began to flow back to Intipucá.Tsy olana izay isa, nanomboka nitobaka tao Intipucà ny fandefasam-bola avy ao Washington.
38They eventually paid for a school, a stadium and a cultural center, so having a connection to the first migrant means bragging rights here.Natao hanamboarana sekoly, kianja sy foibe ara-kolontsaina izany, ka midika fireharehana mivantana eto ny fisian'ny fifandraisana amin'ny mpifindra-monina voalohany.
39“It's like an award.“Tahaka ny mari-pankasitrahana izany.
40It's like saying I win the prize because my family was the first to migrate,” says Jaqueline Portillo, director of Intipucá's cultural center and the guardian of many of the local families' artifacts, documents and photos.Toy ny milaza hoe: mahazo loka aho satria ny fianakaviako no voalohany nifindra monina, “hoy i Jaqueline Portillo, talen'ny foibe ara-kolontsain'i Intipucá sady mpitahiry ny ankamaroan'ireo asakanto, tahirin-kevitra sy sary an'ireo fianakaviana ao an-toerana.
41Inside her locked desk drawer are Chávez's old passports, his divorce papers and family photos.Ao anatin'ny vata mihidy ao aminy no misy ny pasipaoron'i Chávez taloha, taratasy momba ny fisaraham-panambadiany sy ny sarim-pianakaviana.
42So it's no wonder Chávez's family isn't the only one to claim the number-one spot.Noho izany tsy mahagaga raha tsy ny fianakavian'i Chávez irery ihany no milaza fa voalohan-daharana.
43Alfredito Arias insists he was the first to leave, in 1967, but he won't consent to an interview.Manizingizina i Alfredito Arias fa izy no voalohany nandao ny tanàna tamin'ny taona 1967, saingy tsy manaiky anaovana antsafa izy.
44He says he's done trying to make his case to strangers.Nilaza izy fa manao izay ampahafantatra ny momba azy tamin'ireo vahiny.
45“The Chávez family kept better documentation than Alfredito Arias,” Portillo says, “so there's simply more weight to the story of Chávez being the first migrant.”“Nitahiry antontan-taratasy bebe kokoa noho i Alfredito Arias ny fianakaviana Chàvez,” hoy i Portillo, “ka mana-danja bebe kokoa ho mpifindra-monina voalohany ny tantaran'i Chávez.”
46Intipucá's town center.Foiben'ny tanànan'i Intipucá.
47Remittance money has flowed in, but the population has flowed out.Nitobaka tao ny fandefasana fanampiana ara-bola, saingy niala tao ny vahoaka.
48Credit: Ruxandra Guidi.Sary: Ruxandra Guidi.
49Published with PRI's permissionNahazoan-dalana avy amin'ny PRI
50This article and radio report by Ruxandra Guidi for The World originally appeared on PRI.org on May 4, 2015, and is republished here as part of a content-sharing agreement.Ity lahatsoratra sy tatitra amin'ny onjam-peo avy amin'i Ruxandra Guidi ho an'ny The World ity dia nivoaka voalohany tao amin'ny PRI.org tamin'ny 4 May 2015 ary navoaka teto indray noho ny fifanekena fifampizarana votoaty.
51Chávez died in 2006, so he can't tell his own story.Namoy ny ainy tamin'ny taona 2006 i Chávez, ka tsy afaka nilaza ny tantarany manokana.
52But his widow, Elba Salinas, is still alive in the US.Saingy mbola velona ao Etazonia ny vadiny mananon-tena, Elba Salinas.
53Her nephew, Hugo Salinas, says she should be credited as the first migrant - Chávez wouldn't have left for the US if it hadn't been for her.Nilaza ny zana-drahalahiny, Hugo Salinas fa izy no tokony heverina fa mpifindra-monina voalohany - tsy namonjy an'i Etazonia i Chávez raha tsy noho ny vadiny.
54“He left with Elba!” Salinas insists.“Nandao niaraka tamin'i Elba izy!” hoy i Salinas mamerimberina.
55“Elba told me so!”“Nilaza izany tamiko ihany koa i Elba!”
56Salinas is collecting the details of his aunt's story, and those of many other Intipucá migrants as well.Manangona ny antsipirahan'ny tantaran'ny nenitoany sy ireo mpifindra-monina hafa marobe i Salinas.
57He and Jaqueline Portillo are planning a big event for the 50th anniversary of migration in Intipucá, which is coming up in 2018.Mikasa hanao hetsika lehibe hoan'ny faha-50 taonan'ny fifindra-monina ao Intipucà, izay hoavy amin'ny taona 2018 izy sy Jaqueline Portillo.
58“I want to create a positive image of my town, because no one was collecting these personal stories,” Salinas says.“Te-hanangana endrika tsara hoan'ny tanànako aho, satria tsy nisy olona nanangona ireo tantara manokana,” hoy i Salinas.
59“Stories like the one of Mr. Martin Lazo, who would lend you a suit to get on a flight because you had to dress nicely back then.“Tantara tahaka ny an'Atoa Martin Lazo, izay te-hampindrana fitafiana ho anao ho entina mandeha fiaramanidina satria tsy maintsy miakanjo tsara ianao tamin'izany fotoana izany.
60Or the story of ‘Travel Today, Pay Later,' which would give you a loan so you could pay for your US visa.”Na koa ny tantaran'ny ‘Travel Today, Pay Later (Mandeha Anio, Aloavy Amin'ny Manaraka),' izay manome famindramam-bola ho anao ahafahanao mandoa visa Amerikana. “
61Salinas is worried these stories about immigration and Intipucá will be forgotten in the next few generations.Manahy i Salinas fa mety ho adinon'ny taranaka any aoriana ireo tantaran'ny fifindramonina sy i Intipucà.
62Today, an estimated half of the town's population is living in US.Ankehitriny, tombanana eo amin'ny antsasaky ny mponina tao an-tanàna no monina ao Etazonia.
63The streets are largely empty.Mila ho foana ny eny an-dalambe.
64Even Sigredo Chavez's home is abandoned, another monument to a town that celebrates its own exodus.Na ny tranon'i Sigredo Chavez aza tsy misy olona intsony, tsangambato iray hafa ao amin'ny tanàna izay mankalaza ny fifindramoniny manokana.
65Ruxandra's story was produced in association with Round Earth Media.Novokarina niaraka tamin'i Round Earth Media ny lahatsoratr'i Ruxandra