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1Impunity Prevails over State of Law in GuineaNy Fandresen'ny Tsimatimanota Manoloana Ny Fanjakana Tan-dalàna Ao Ginea
2Guinea was the first French colony in Sub-Saharan Africa to achieve independence in 1958.Ginea no firenena zanatany frantsay voalohany teo amin'i Afrika mainty nahazo ny fahaleovan-tenany tamin'ny taona 1958.
3From September 1958 until April 1984, a power that is described as revolutionary transformed the country into a huge open-air prison, arresting, torturing, imprisoning and killing innocent people.Ny volana Septambra 1958 ka hatramin'ny volana Aprily 1984, nisy fitondrana iray nanora-tena ho mpitondra fanavaozana namadika ny firenena ho toy ny fonja iray midadasika, nisambotra, nampijaly, nampiditra am-ponja sy namono ireo vahoaka maro tsy manan-tsiny.
4In 2010, Alpha Condé, a law professor, came to power following elections that were marred by violence from security forces and ethnic clashes.Tamin'ny taona 2010, niakatra teo amin'ny fitondrana i M. Alpha Condé, mpampianatra lalàna taorian'ny fifidianana nanjakan'ny herisetran'ireo mpitandro ny filaminana sy ny fifandonan'ny foko.
5A History of ImpunityTantara iray efa nanjakan'ny tsimatimanota
6Prof. Tierno Siradiou Bah, Guinean historian and executive director of the Camp Boiro Internet Memorial, wrote on his blog:Ilay gineana mpahay tantara, Tierno Siradiou Bah, Tale mpanatanteraka ao amin'ny Mémorial virtuel Camp Boiro, dia nanoratra tao amin'ny bilaogy iray (anglisy) :
7Arbitrary arrests, detention, torture, fake trials, and executions became a routine.Lasa fahita mahazatra ny fisamborana sy fitazomana tsy ara-dalàna, fampijaliana, fitsarana tsy mandeha amin'ny fahamarinana ary ny fanamelohana ho faty.
8Military barracks turned into detention centers and killing grounds.Lasa toerana fitazonana sy famonoana olona ho faty ireo toby miaramila.
9Thousands of political prisoners disappeared there.Olona voafonja politika an'arivony maro no nanjavona tany.
10The country itself became a global prison.Ny firenena mihitsy no toa lasa fonja faobe.
11Everyone was a potential target of the ‘revolutionary' secret police, including children and the elderly.Lasibatry ny mpitandro miafina «revolisionera» ny olon-drehetra, eny fa na ny ankizy sy ireo beantitra aza.
12The terror peaked in 1976.Tonga tamin'ny fara-tampony ny horooro tamin'ny taona 1976.
13Then, in a series of provocative and self-destructive speeches, Sekou Touré incited to ethnic warfare and genocide against the main ethnic group: the Fulɓe [fr].Avy eo, tao anatinà andian-dahateny maro mandrangitra sy manimba tena dia niantsy ady ara-poko sy fandripahana ireo foko antsoina hoe: Fulɓe i Sekou Touré.
14Located in the center of Conakry, the Camp Boiro National Guard Barracks was the epicenter of the Guinean Gulag.Ao afovoan'i Conakry, ny Toby Boiro, toby fonenan'ireo tafi-pirenena dia ivon'ny Goulag guineana(Goulag = toerana fanaovana asa an-terivozona).
15It is estimated that more than 50,000 political prisoners disappeared there.Araka ny tombatombana dia mihoatra ny 50.000 ireo gadra politika no nanjavona tao.
16The purges targeted the country's brightest minds but also the entrepreneurs, the unions leaders, women…Ny tena nokinendry tamin'izany dia ny fanahin'ireo nanam-pahaizana namirapiratra teo amin'ny firenena, ao koa ireo mpandraharaha, ireo mpitarika ny sendika ary ireo vehivavy …
17The army in Guinea via Abdoulaye Bah's article from October 2, 2011 (CC-license-NC-2.Ny miaramilan'i Guinée nindramina tamin'i Abdoulaye Bah tao anatin'ny lahatsoratra nivoaka ny 2 oktobra 2011
180) From Sékou Touré to TodayAry taorian'i Sékou Touré?
19Since his death, other dictators have ruled the country. They also subjected civilians to extrajudicial violence under different pretexts: union or student demonstrations, revolts by women against miserable conditions and living costs, etc.Taorian'ny nahafatesany, mpanao didy jadona maro hafa no nitondra ny firenena, izay nampihatra herisetra tsy ara-dalàna tamin'ny olon-tsotra nohon'ny antony maro samihafa ihany koa : hetsiky ny sendikaly na an'ny mpianatra, ny fitroaran'ny vehivavy manohitra ireo fepetra maro tsy mahafa-po sy ny halafon'ny vidim-piainana, sns.
20In 2011, ACAT France [Christian Action for the Abolition of Torture] together with numerous militant Guinean human rights organisations carried out an investigation across the country and published a study on the torturer phenomenon in Guinea called “Torture: Force is Law”.Tamin'ny taona 2011, nanao fanadihadiana manerana ny firenena ny ACAT-France niaraka tamin'ny fikambanana gineana maro izay miady ho an'ny zon'ny mahaolona (Human Rights Watch) ka namoaka karoka iray izy ireo momba ny fampijaliana tao Guinée, ” Fampijaliana : izay manan-kery ihany no manao ny lalàna.”
21Following this inquiry, ACAT France launched an online petition, “Guinea: Stop the Torture” [fr], addressed to President Alpha Condé, which comes to an end on December 31.Taorian'io fanadihadiana io, dia nanao fanangonan-tsonia tety anaty aterineto ny ACAT-France, atao hoe “GUINÉE. Atsaharo ny fampijaliana” izay natolotra ho an'ny filoham-pirenena Alpha Condé ary nifarana ny 31 desambra izany.
22It reads [fr]:Izao no vakin'izany:
23[…] torture remains a common practice in the country, whether against common law prisoners, whilst controlling demonstrations or punishing soldiers suspected of sedition.Mijanona ho zava-panao andavanandro eto amin'ny firenena ny fampijaliana, na teo izany ho an'ireo voatàna noho ny ady madio (fitsarana eto no resaka), na tamin'ny famoretana an'ireohetsi-panoherana, na hanafaizana ireo miaramila voahendrikendrika ho mpamadika ny fitondrana.
24In a political situation which remains tense, will the authorities choose to restore the rule of law or will they allow impunity to prevail?Eo anaty sehatra politika izay mbola mijanona ho henjana, hisafidy ny hampanjaka ny lalàna ve ny manam-pahefana sa hampanjaka ny tsimatimanota ?
25The most notorious example of this violence, which has attracted international attention, are the massacres that took place on September 28, 2009, and the following days.Ny ohatra tena mampahonena amin'ireo herisetra ireo izay nahasarika ny sain'ny fianaakaviambe iraisam-pirenena dia ny vono olona tamin'ny 28 septambra 2009 sy ny andro taorian'izay.
26Amnesty International details the facts [fr] on its website:Mampahatsiahy izany ao amin'ny tranonkalany ny Fikambanana Amnesty International :
27On September 28, 2009, the Guinean security forces had killed more than 150 unarmed protesters during an opposition rally.Tamin'ny 28 septambra 2009, namono mpandray anjara nitondra tanam-polo, mihoatra ny 150, tamin'ny famoriam-bahoaka nokarakarain'ny mpanohitra ny mpitandro ny filaminana gineana, izay teo amin'io kianja io ihany.
28More than 40 woman were raped in public, at least 1,500 people were injured, and many others disappeared.Vehivavy mihoatra ny 40 no naolana teo imasom-bahoaka, olona miisa 1.500 farafahakeliny no naratra ary maro hafa no nanjavona.
29Nathalie Zajde, a lecturer at the Université de Paris VIII and responsible for the psycho-social unit in the Mother and Baby Centre in Conakry, wrote [fr] on lemonde.fr, a French daily newspaper's website, on the second anniversary of the September 28 massacres:Nathalie Zajde, mpampianatra mpampanao kaonferansa, any amin'ny Anjerimanontolon'i Paris VIII, tompon'andraikitra ny sampana mandalina ny psikolojia sosialy ao amin'ny Ivontoeran'ny Reny sy Zaza ao Conakry, dia nanoratra tao amin'ny vohikalan'ny gazety frantsay mpiseho isanandro lemonde.fr tamin'ny fahatsiarovana ny tsingerintaona faharoa nisian'ny vono olona tamin'ny 28 septambra 2009 :
30I do not know if Ms. Nafissatou Diallo [fr] was a victim of sexual violence in the hotel Sofitel New York [fr] in May.Tsy fantatro na isan'ireo voaolana na tsia tao amin'ny hotely Sofitel de New York tamin'ny volana mey i Ramatoa Nafissatou Diallo.
31But I do know, and there are many of us who have proof, that more than 100 Guinean women, most of them Fulani, were, on September 28, 2009, and the following days, victims of rape and torture carried out by Guinean soldiers, policemen and politicians, some clearly identified, and that to this day, exactly two years after those awful events, not one person has been arrested or tried by judges.Nefa kosa, fantatro, ary maro isika no manana porofo, fa tamin'ny 28 septambra 2009 sy ny taorian'io dia mihoatra ny 100 ireo vehivavy teratany gineana, ary ny ankamaroany amin'izy ireo dia avy amin'ny foko Peules, voaolana tamin'ny fomba nahatsiravina no sady nampijalian'ireo miaramila, zandary sy tomonandraikitra politika gineana izay fantatra nazava tsara ny sasany tamin'ireo mpampijaly ireo, nefa hatramin'izao, roa taona aty aoriana taorian'ireo trangan-javatra nahatsiravina ireo, tsy nisy na ny iray aza tamin'izy ireo no voasambotra, na nampanantsoin'ny mpitsara.
32Impunity still Rampant TodayMiseho ankehitriny ny tsy matimanota
33The United Nations and the NGO Human Rights Watch (HRW) have each sent an inquiry mission to Guinea to evaluate the extent of the violence and draw up a list of those responsible.Samy nandefa iraka hanadihady any Guinée mikasika ny halehiben'ny herisetra sy hanangana ny lisitra ahitana ny anaran'ireo nahavanon-doza ny Firenena Mikambana sy ny Fikambanana mpanaramaso ny zon'olombelona Human Rights Watch.
34In 2011, HRW wrote:Na teo aza izany dia nanoratra i HRW tamin'ny taona 2011,:
35No one has been held to account two years after Guinean security forces gunned down unarmed protesters at an opposition rally in Conakry, the capital, Human Rights Watch said today. The Guinean government needs to do more to ensure justice for victims of the massacre on September 28, 2009.Roa taona aty aoriana izao, tsy mbola nisy mihitsy olona nanao tatitra taorian'ny namonoan'ny mpitandro filaminana gineana ireo mpandray anjara tamin'ny hetsika tsy mitàna fitaovam-piadiana nandritry ny famoriam-bahoaka nataon'ireo mpanohitra ny fitondrana tao Conakry, renivohitra, izay ampatsiahivin'ny Fikambanana mpanaramaso ny zon'olombelona (Human Rights Watch) …., tokony mbola handray andraikitra bebe kokoa ny fanjakana gineana mba hampanjakana ny fahamarinana ho an'ireo niharam-boina tamin'ny 28 septambra 2009.
36However, according to the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH) and the Guinean Organisation for the Defence of Human Rights (OGDH), the UN's inquiry commission submitted its report to the Security Council in July, 2012, recognising that this was a crime against humanity and calling for referral to the International Criminal Court.Kanefa, araky ny fomba fijerin'ny Federasiona iraisam-pirenena miaro ny zon'olombelona (FIDH) sy ny Fikambanana gineana miaro ny zon'olombelona (OGDH) dia nametraka ny tatitra nataony tany amin'ny Filan-kevi-Pilaminana ny Kaomisiona mpanadihady avy amin'ny ONU tamin'ny volana jolay 2012 izay manambara fa tena heloka bevava natao tamin'ny Zanak'olombelona tokoa no nisy ary mangataka ny hirotsahan'ny Fitsarana Heloka bevava iraisam-pirenena (CPI).
37None of the people who controlled the security forces during this violence has been questioned. The OGDH notes [fr]:Nefa, tsy nisy tamin'ireo olona teo toeran'ny mpanome baiko ny mpitandro ny filaminana tamin'ny fanatanterahana io herisetra io no voantso ho hadihadiana, ny mifanohitra tamin'izany aza no nitranga, manamarika ny Fikambanana gineana miaro ny zon'ny mahaolona (OGDH),
38We remain powerless to the promotion of certain alleged perpetrators of this barbarity in high civil and military positions.Manatri-maso nefa tsy afa-manoatra izahay mahita ireo noeritreretina ho tompon'antoka tamin'ny fanatanterahana io vono olona io nomena toerana ambony teo amin'ny asam-panjakana sy ny raharaha miaramila.
39Among the soldiers who were in positions of power and were promoted by President Alpha Condé, is Lieutenant Colonel Tiégboro Camara, charged [fr] by the Guinean courts last February and promoted to the post of Secretary General solely in charge of special services, the fight against drugs and organised crime, with the rank of minister.Anisan'ireo miaramila nitàna toerana mpanome baiko ary nasondrotry ny filoha Alpha Condé voninahitra ny “lieutenant-colonel” Tiégboro Camara, nomelohin'ny fitsarana gineana tamin'ny volana febroary lasa teo ary nitombo fahefana ka lasa sekretera jeneraly miandraikitra ireo Sampana manokana, ny Ady amin'ny fandraisana Zava-mahadomelina sy ny famonoana olona efa tsara homana, ary mitovy laharana amin'ny minisitra izy. Ny tranganà herisetra farany dia tamin'ny 9 novambra 2012 raha nanao fanadihadiana mikasika kolikoly avo lenta iray i Ramatoa Aissatou Boiro.
40The last case of violence took place on November 9, 2012, when Ms. Aissatou Boiro was shot after finishing her work investigating a case of high-level corruption.Nisy namono izy, raha iny izy nikasa ny hody any an-trano iny avy nirava niasa dia nisy lehilahy maromaro nitondra fitaovam-piadiana nibahana ny fiarany ary nitifitra azy na dia mbola nazava aza ny andro.
41She was going home when armed men blocked her car and shot her in broad daylight.
42An article on HRW's website says:Hoy ilay lahatsoratra iray teo amin'ny vohikalan'ny ONG Human Rights Watch mitantara:
43The men got out of another car that had been positioned to block Aissatou Boiro's car and they shot their victim twice.Nivoaka avy tao anaty fiara iray hafa ireo lehilahy ireo ka nijanona teo anoloan'ny fiaran'i Aissatou Boiro ary tonga dia nitifitra azy indroa.
44Boiro's family and friends have confirmed that she had received death threats […]Notaterin'ireo namany sy ny fianakaviany fa naharay fandrahonana ho faty i Aissatou Boiro…..
45Her colleagues told HRW that she was investigating a suspected embezzlement of more than 13 million Guinean francs of public money (1.8 million US dollars).Nilaza tamin'ny Fikambanana Human Rights Watch ny mpiara-miasa aminy fa nanao fanadihadiana mikasika ny fanodikodinam-bolam-panjakana izay noheverina ho tafakatra mihoatra ny 13 lavitrisa amin'ny vola gineana (1,8 tapitrisa dolara amerikana) izy.