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1The Country as a Mirror: Reflections of a Young Colombian in Bristol
2Pablo Uribe, photographed by the author in Bristol (United Kingdom).Ny Firenena No Atao Fitaratra : Fandalinan'ny Kôlômbiana Iray Ao Bristol
3This is the second post in a series of interviews that explore the experiences of Latin Americans who leave their countries of origin in search of new opportunities, and look back on their home countries with changed outlooks.Ity no fihaonana faharoa amin'ilay andianà antsafa itrandrahana ireo zavatra iainan'ny Amerikàna Latina izay mandao ny firenena niaviany hikatsaka fomba fiaina vaovao sy mijery ny tany afàrany, miaraka aminà hevitra hafa.
4In this post, Ana Hernández talks to Pablo Uribe, a young Colombian political scientist, who has obtained Spanish citizenship and recently made Bristol his new home.Ao anatin'ity lahatsoratra ity i Ana Hernández dia miresaka amin'i Pablo Uribe, tanora Kôlômbiana mpahay politika, nahazo ny zompirenena Espaniôla sady nisafidy koa an'i Bristol ho toerana fonenana..
5The first of these interviews, conducted with a Dominican businessman in Spain, can be read here.Antsafa niarahana taminà Dômonikana mpivarotra, monina ao Espaina no voalohany , izay azonareo vakiana ato.
6Pablo Uribe has lived outside of Colombia for 14 years.Pablo Uribe, sry nopihan'ny mpanoratra tao Bristol (Angletera).
7For him, eating sancocho soup is a deeply nostalgic experience.Pablo Urib, tsianjery politika ranofotsiny.
8He is from Medellín, and spent some of his life in Madrid, Colombia, too.Efatra ambinifolo taona izao izy no nonina ivelan'i Kôlômbia ary, ho azy, resahana ny sancocho rehefa miresaka fahatsiarovana.
9Pablo left the country when he was 19 years old.Avy ao Medellín izy, sady avy ao Madrid koa.
10Sivy ambinifolo taona i Pablo raha nandao an'i Kôlômbia ary, amin'izao fotoana izao, olom-pirenena Espaniôla.
11Now a Spanish citizen, he's still as much an explorer today as ever, living in Bristol, where, during this interview, he reflected on Medellín and the idea of leaving, returning, and seeing oneself reflected in a single country:Izay tsy misakana velively ny faniriany hamantatra izao tontolo izao. Ity tanora Kôlômbiana sady Espaniôla ity dia monina ao Bristol ankehitriny, toerana isaintsainany, tamin'ity tafatafa tao Medellin ity, ny hiaingàna, ny hiverenana ary ny hifamatorana aminà firenena iray sy tokana :
12I was all about the idea of coming back to Colombia, so much so that when I first started living in Madrid, I was very reluctant to think about my legal situation as a foreigner.Vonona ny hiverina tany Kôlômbia aho, indrindra indrindra tany ampiandohan'ny fianarako tao Madrid, tena tsy nety tamiko ny fiheverana ny toerana misy ahy amin'ny maha-vahiny mpiavy ahy. Niaraka tamin'ny fotoana, lasa olom-pirenena espaniôla aho.
13Over time, I finally became a Spanish citizen, but when you immigrate for the second time, the home that ends up being closest is the one you just left behind.Fa rehefa tonga amin'ny hoe hifindra monina fanindroany ianao, ny trano tena miraikitra ao an-tsainao sisa dia ilay iray farany izay vao avy nilaozanao.
14You end up having a significant identity crisis.Ary dia tena latsaka anaty saritaka goavan'ny maha-ianao anao ianao.
15The young political scientist maintains his roots by remaining in contact with his family and friends.Velombelomin'ity tanora mpahay politika ity ny fàka niaviany, amin'ny alalan'ny fifandraisany amin'ny fianakaviana sy ny namany.
16Online social networks make help preserve these relationships.Ary avy amin'ny fintina omen'ireo tambajotra sosialy azy avy any ampitan'i Atlantika.
17Additionally, publications like Semana, El Espectador, La Otra Orilla and La Silla Vacía, solely for political news, are also important points of reference.Ankoatra izay, samy teboka lehibe ifantohany ihany koa ny Semana, El Espectador, La Otra Orilla sy La Silla Vacía, na dia noho ny politika fotsiny aza.
18Although he hadn't traveled abroad until he was 19-years-old, Pablo had plenty of time to grab a backpack and explore Colombia.Na tsy nandao ny fireneny talohan'ny faha-19 taonany aza izy, nanana fotoana i Pablo nandraisana ny kitapo fibabiny sy nitetezana an'i Kôlômbia.
19He started at the age of 14, taking advantage of weekends, holidays, and school vacations:Tany amin'ny faha-14 taonany izy no nanomboka, nanararaotra ny faran'ny herinandro na ireo andro tsy fiasàna, ary nanohy nandritry ny fialantsasatry ny mpianatra :
20It was during those teenage years that I visited the Atlantic coast, but also the mountains; the mountain ranges in the coffee-harvesting areas, the outskirts of Medellin.Nandritry ny taonan'ny fahatanorako no nitsidihako ny Morontsiraka Atlantika, nefa koa ny tendrombohitra, Cordillère any amin'ny faritra mpamokatra kafe, ny faritra rehetra manodidina an'i Medellin.
21I also went down to Bogotá and later continued on to other places.Tafidina hatrany Bogotà aho ary nanohy nankany an-toerana hafa avy eo.
22Colombia might not have big attractions like Machu Picchu, the Aztec ruins in Mexico, or the Perito Moreno glacier in Argentina, but I think that overall it is very attractive, each part makes up a whole where its people are the best.Angamba noho i Kôlômbia tsy manana ireny toerana goavana natao hialàna voly ireny, toy ny Machu Pichu, ireo tanàna azteka rava ao Meksika na ny Perito Moreno any Arzantina. Nefa amin'ny ankapobeny, tena mahasarika izy.
23Pablo also talks about how Medellín probably experienced its most tumultuous period during his childhood, when it was immersed in conflicts stemming from the drug trade:Ny singa tsirairay dia mitambatra manome zavatra iray manontolo izay ny mponina ao aminy no tena tsara indrindra.
24Throughout the 1980s and until 1993, when Pablo Escobar, the founder and leader of the Medellín Cartel, died, the homicide rate hovered at around double what it is now in some Central American cities.Tantarain'i Pablo ihany koa fa angamba tamin'ny fotoanan'ny fahazazàny i Medellin no tena niaina ny vanim-potoana tena nihotakotaka indrindra, latsaka tao anatin'ny ady nateraky ny zava-mahadomelina :
25Tany amin'ny taona 1980, ary hatramin'ny nahafatesan'i Pablo Escobar tamin'ny 1993, ilay mpanorina sady mpitarika ny fikambanan'ireo mpikirakira zava-mahadomelina ao Medellín, efa tafakatra mila ho in-droa amin'izay fantatra ankehitriny any amin'ireo tanàndehibe ao Amerika Afovoany ny tahan'ny vono olona.
26It was complete and open warfare.Ady mibaribary tanteraka tamin'izany.
27Still smiling and explaining this with pause, Pablo remembers how a bomb was planted in front of his grandmother's house, how he used to think that his father would never return from work, or how, even as a teenager, he recalled entering a restaurant for water and finding three armed guerrillas playing pool:Manazava moramora ny zavatra rehetra ao anaty tsikitsiky, tsaroan'i Pablo ny fomba nametrahan'ny sasany baomba teo akaikin'ny tranon'ny renibeny, ny fomba nahazatra azy nisaina hoe tsy hiverina avy any am-piasàny intsony ny rainy na ny fomba, rehefa lasa adolantsento, nidirany nangataka rano tao amina toeram-pisakafoanana iray ka nifanenàny taminà “guérilleros” telo mitam-piadiana eo ampilalaovana ‘billard' :
28It's not every day that you come across a guy with a gun at a pool table, but it was something that didn't scare you anymore.Tsy matetika ianao no hifanatri-tava aminà lehilahy iray mitondra basilava eo ambony latabatra ‘billard', saingy zavatra iray tsy nampahatahotra izany. Taty aoriana, eny.
29Later yes, after things got complicated and it was risky to go out there, the danger was real.Nihasarotra ny raharaha taty aoriana ary misedra loza isak'izay mandeha mivoaka ny trano, ny loza no tanjona/lasibatra.
30Now that I see it in perspective, I think that traveling around the country alone is something that I should not have inflicted on my mother.Ankehitriny, apetrako miaraka aminà fomba fijery mankany aloha izany, ary heveriko fa ny fivezivezena irery ao anaty firenena iray dia zavatra iray tsy tokony nasaiko niaretan'ny reniko mihitsy.
31Pablo, who is 33-years-old now, cannot pass up the occasion to talk about what was happening in Colombia when he was about to leave:Tsy azon'i Pablo, izay 33 taona ankehitriny, atao ny mamela handalo fotsiny ny fotoana ahafahany miresaka ny zavatra nataony tany Kôlômbia fony izy tena efa antomotry ny handeha :
32The rise of the extreme right, which presented itself to everyone with a radical discourse that appealed to fear and nationalism, left little room for criticism.Ny fiakaran'ireo elatra farany havanana, izay niatrika ny rehetra taminà kabary henjana niantsoany ny tahotra sy ny nasionalisma, dia nanome toerana kely ny fahazoana mitsikera.
33It was at that very moment that Pablo discovered politics and would go on to study political science in Spain afterwards:Tamin'izay fotoana izay indrindra i Pablo no nahita sy nirotsaka tamin'ny politika, izay nitondra azy taty aoriana ho any Espaina mba hianatra ny Siansa Pôlitika:
34There it was impossible not to run into Colombia's political reality, and I think I was in a privileged position to have experienced it from outside the country, seeing it at a distance and having references to which to compare it.Tany indray, tsy azo nialàna ny tsy hitankosenako tamin'ny zava-nisy ara-politika tao Kôlombia, ary ny fiainana izany avy lavitra, inoako fa mipetraka aminà toerana misy tombony manokana aho. Rehefa mahita ny toedraharaha avy ety lavitra sy rehefa manana lasitra ho ampitahaina aminy.
35So I disagreed with Colombia a lot.Matetika aho izany no mifandona amin'i Kôlômbia.
36And even today, I have to reconcile with a lot about my country.Ary na androany aza, mbola be ireo endriky ny fireneko izay tavela tokony mbola hihavanako.
37Pablo also drew attention to people's reluctance to listen to criticism in certain cases: When a country, religion, or ideology is stigmatized, it becomes a victim and drawing criticism becomes frowned upon.Iverenan'i Pablo ny tsikera, na ny marimarina kokoa ny tsy fisian'izy io, ary apoitrany ny fanoherana ataon'ireo vondrona sasany amin'ny kiana, rehefa injay ampahany amin'ny maha-izy azy ireo no asiana resaka :
38Raha firenena iray, finoana iray na fotokevitra iray no tsaratsaraina, dia lasa toy ny niharam-boina ka lasa hoe ratsy no fijery ny fanakianana.
39This was happening in Colombia.Izany no zava-nitranga tao Kôlômbia.
40The entire nation bore the stigma of being an unsafe country, full of drug traffickers.Niharan'ny fitsaratsaràna azy ho firenena mampidi-doza ny firenena iray manontolo, ho firenen'ireo mpikirakira zava-mahadomelina.
41So when [the now former president of Colombia] Álvaro Uribe came and made an aggressive, right-wing speech, people were more than ready to hand over power, despite what the rest of the world was saying.Araka izany, rehefa tonga i Álvaro Uribe [izay filoha taloha tao Kôlômbia ankehitriny] ary nanao kabary mitanila mankany amin'ny havanana, mivantambantana manoloana ireo kiana avy any ivelany, vetivety ny fiakaran'ny maripàna.
42People outside the country weren't considered sufficiently informed, their judgement wasn't worth the same, and they were accused of ignorance and bias.Ary tsy dia nojerena loatra ireo izay tavela tany ivelany, tsy nitovy lanja tamin'izany ny fitsaràny ary nampangaina ho tsy miraharaha sy manana fijery mitanila izy.
43Once, a journalist who was not Colombian proposed that Medellín was the largest outdoor brothel in the world.Indray andro, nisy mpanao gazety, tsy kôlômbiana, nanazava hoe i Medellin no tranon-dopy goavana indrindra manao tafo lanitra ety ambany masoandro.
44And for that, he was ostracized.Tsapany tsara ny fantsy nianjera taminy.
45Finally, Pablo reflects on the traditional media's “narco-telenovelas,” a television genre based on stories related to drug trafficking, and how other initiatives in the world of arts and culture manage to open the spectrum of Colombians' self-understanding:Farany, zarain'i Pablo ny fandinihana iray tamin'ireo sary izay nomen'ny media nentin-drazana tamin'ny alàlan'ireo “narco-telenovelas” (tantaran'ny varotra rongony), karazana andian-tantara anaty fahitalavitra mifototra amin'ireo tantara mifamatotra amin'ny resaka fanondranana zava-mahadomelina, sy ny fomba nahavitan'ireo fandraisana andraikitra eny anivon'ny tontolon'ny zavakanto sy ny kolontsaina nanokatra sy nampanangatra ireo sary izay maneho an-dry zareo Kôlômbiana rahateo :
46[Nonetheless] we learn to live with differences.[Kanefa] Nianaranay ny niaina miaraka amin'ny fahasamihafàna.
47And although we were exporters of narco telenovelas that helped stigmatize the population and objectify and denigrate women, today there are many people doing very good things in Colombia.Ary na nanondrana andian-tantara miresaka zava-mahadomelina aza izahay, izay nandray anjara tamin'ny fitsaratsaràm-poana ny vahoaka na nanova zavatra sy nanilikilika vehivavy, betsaka olona manao zavatra tena tsara ao Kôlômbia amin'izao androntsika izao.
48There are extremely interesting things within the culture, art, and music.Misy zavatra tena mahaliana ao anatin'ny tontolon'ny kolontsaina, ny taokanto ary ny mozika.
49The only thing missing is political normalization, but it will come.Ny fampanarahana fenitra ny politika sisa, saingy tsy maintsy ho tonga izany.