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1Sahel Region: On Paying Ransom for HostagesFaritr'i Sahel: Momba ny fandoavana tamby hanavotana ireo takalonaina
2Hostage-taking by a militant Islamist group called Al-Qaeda in The Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) is on the rise in the Sahel region which spans across several countries in the north of Africa.Ny fakàna takalonaina nataona vondrona Islamika iray antsoina hoe Al-Qaeda in The Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) izao no malaza any amin'ny Faritr'i Sahel izay nipariaka nanerana ny firenena maro any avaratr'i Afrika.
3In order to free hostages, governments and companies have put political pressure on the African nations involved, or opted to pay ransoms directly.Ho fanafahana ireo takalonaina dia manao tsindry ara-politika amin'ireo firenena Afrikana voakasika amin'izany ireo governemanta sy orinasa, na hizotra amin'ny fandoavana mivantana tamby ara-bola .
4However, the strategy of paying ransom is often decried as ineffective and dangerous in the long run.Na izany aza, ny tetikasa hoe handoa tamby dia mazàna no dradraina ho tsy mahomby sy mampidi-doza ao anatin'ny fotoana maharitra.
5The kidnapping in Niger in September of five employees of French nuclear company Areva and two employees of engineering-firm Satom underscores that this is becoming an increasingly dangerous region.Ny fakàna ankeriny tao Niger tamin'ny Septambra nakàna mpiasa miisa dimy avy amin'ny orinasa frantsay Areva mikirakira ny nokleary sy mpiasa roa avy amin'ny orinasa Satom dia manipika fa lasa faritra mena mamoa-doza izy ity any amin'ilay faritra.
6AQIM has claimed responsibility for the seven kidnappings (five French citizens, plus one Togolese citizen, and one citizen of Madagascar).Nilaza ny maha-tompon'andraikitra azy tamin'ny fakàna ankeriny an'ireo olona fito (teratany Frantsay dimy, miampy teratany Togole iray, ary iray avy any Madagascar) ny AQIM.
7In August 2010, AFP reported that two Spanish hostages captured by AQIM were freed [fr] when the Spanish government paid a ransom, and the government of Mali facilitated a prisoner exchange with a convicted AQIM kidnapper who was jailed in Mauritania.Tamin'ny Aogositra 2010, nitatitra ny AFP fa takalon'aina espaniola roa nalain'ny AQIM no efa nafàhana [fr] rehefa nandoa vola ny governemanta Espaniola, ary nanamora ny fifanakalozana babo tamina mpaka ankeriny avy amin'ny AQIM voafonja tany Maoritania ny governemanta tao Mali.
8Algerian newspaper La Tribune reported that [fr] the admiral heading the French army in the region, Édouard Guillaud said that although France's position is that paying ransoms is “not a sustainable strategy” they would not exclude the possibility if circumstances called for it.Ny gazety an-tsoratra Alzeriana La Tribune dia nitatitra [fr] fa ny amiraly mibaiko ny andian-tafika frantsay any amin'ny faritra, Édouard Guillaud dia niteny hoe raha ny toerana raisin'i Frantsa nilazany fa “tsy tetikady mahomby” mihitsy ny fandoavana tamby dia tsy mandà ihany koa ry zareo raha toa ka mety mitranga izany làlana izany.
9In an article entitled “Ransom, a formidable weapon for terrorist group,” columnist Ali Boukhlef argues that payment of ransoms amounts to funding and support for terrorism.Tao anatina lahatsoratra iray mitondra ny lohateny hoe “Tamby ara-bola, fitaovana iray mahomby ho an'ny vondrona mpampihorohoro,” dia manindry i Ali Boukhlef fa ny fandoavana tamby ara-bola dia fandrisihana sy fanohanana ny asa fampihorohoroana.
10The recent hostage situation leads many observers to pose troubling questions.Nahatonga ny mpandinika maro hametra-panontaniana manahiran-tsaina ny fakana ankeriny farany teo.
11On the blog l'Observatoire du nucléaire says:Ny bilaogy l'Observatoire du nucléaire miteny hoe:
12.., the fact of the kidnapping have to make one wonder about the relative ease with which the kidnapping took place, giving the French authorities a golden opportunity to intervene with the army..., ny zava-nisy momba ilay fakàna ankeriny dia mampanontany tena ny tsirairay amin'ny fahamoran'ny nanatanterahana ilay fakàna ankeriny, ka nanome varavarana misokatra ho an'ny manampahefana Frantsay hirotsaka ara-tafika.
13In fact, AREVA and the French authorities were alerted by various means that threats were looming on their employees at the Niger uranium mines.Raha ny marina, ny AREVA sy ny manampahefana Frantsay dia efa nahazo fampitandremana tamin'ny fomba maro samihafa fa tandindonin-doza ny mpiasan-dry zareo ao amin'ny toby fitrandrahana uranium ao Niger.
14Still, little was done to provide the necessary protection and it seems that AREVA even refused the help of the Niger authorities.Hatramin'izay, zara raha nisy ny fanamafisana ny fiarovana tokony hilaina ary sahala amin'ny hoe nandà ny fanampian'ny manampahefana avy ao Niger aza hoe ny AREVA.
15Reacting in Algerian La Tribune (via Allafrica.com), Saïda Benhabyles, the president of “The International Federation of Associations of Victims of Terrorism” (la Fédération internationale des associations de victimes du terrorisme) argues that ransom payments are [fr]: “the main source of funding for active terrorist groups in the African Sahel region.”Naneho hevitra tao amin'ny gazety Alzeriana La Tribune (via Allafrica.com), i Saïda Benhabyles, filohan'ny Federasion Iraisam-pirenen'ireo Fikambanana samihafa ivondronan'izay niharan'ny asa Fampihorohoroana” (la Fédération internationale des associations de victimes du terrorisme) nilaza fa ireo fandoavana tamby ara-bola no[fr]: ” tena fototry ny fidiram-bola mampandeha ny asan'ireo vondrona mpampihorohoro ao Afrika faritr'i Sahel.”
16To counter the activities of the AQIM that are expanding in all the regions at the border of the Sahel, the Burkinabe website San Finna questions if African states should allow foreign military bases on their territories.Ho fanoherana ny asan'ny AQIM izay mahazo vahana any amin'ny faritra rehetra akaikin'ny sisintanin'ny Sahel, ilay tranonkala Borkinabe San Finna dia mametra-panontaniana raha tokony hanome alalana ny fametrahana tobim-pamaharana tafika vahiny ao amin'ny tanin-dry zareo ireo firenena Afrikana.
17The article offers two opposite viewpoints on the subject: First, Tomi, who is in favor of some form of international collaboration opines [fr]:Manome fomba fijery roa mifanohitra mikasika ity olana ity ilay tranonkala: Voalohany, Tomi, izay mankasitraka ny mety ho endrika fiaraha-miasa iraisam-pirenena rehetra dia miteny ny heviny [fr]:
18Many issues such as drug trafficking, AIDS, the spread of atomic weapons, pollution and terrorism cannot be resolved without international collaboration, no matter how powerful each individual nation is.Olana maro samihafa toy ny fanondranana zava-mahadomelina, SIDA, fiparitahan'ny fitaovam-piadiana atomika, loto sy fampihorohoroana no tsy ho voavaha mihitsy raha tsy misy fiaraha-miasa iraisam-pirenena, ary tsy asiana resaka izay tanjaky ny firenena tsirairay amin'izany.
19On the other hand, Tozi argues [fr]:Atsy ankilany i Tozi manazava fa [fr]:
20… A few elements (military bases) here and there in Niger, Burkina Faso and Mauritania will not get rid of the terrorism that has taken roots in Sahel.… Andiany vitsivitsy (tobin-tafika) etsy sy eroa ao Niger, Borkina Faso sy Maoritania tsy hahafongotra velively ny asa fampihorohoroana efa mamàka lalina ao Sahel.
21In Somalia, what was achieved against the Shebabs and the members of Hezb al-Islam ?Any Somalia, inona izao no mba efa vita hanoherana ny Shebabs sy ny mpikambana ao amin'ny Hezb al-Islam ?
22In Iraq and especially in Afghanistan, did we do anything to eradicate the religious fanatics?Any Iraka ary indrindra indrindra fa ao Afghanistan, mba nisy nataontsika ve hamongorana ireo mpino mahery fihetsika ireo?
23… The reason this phenomenon grows is because there is a growing number of illiterate, impoverished, desperate people that they can recruit.… Ny antony mampiroborobo ity zavatra ity dia satria mitombo be ny tahan'ny tsy mahay mamaky teny sy manoratra, ny mahantra, ny olona very fanantenana azon-dry zareo karamaina.
24If we don't give ourselves the necessary means and engage in this war against terrorism, the AQIM groups will hit our infrastructure, they will kill our tourism (about 400,000 tourists in Burkina Faso and 900,000 in Senegal for instance) and it will be the dawn of a whole new range of all kinds of trouble, and multiplied social fractures.Raha isika no tsy manome izay fitaovana tena ilaina sy mirotsaka an-tsehatra amin'ny ady atao amin'ny fampihorohoroana, dia ho pehan'ny vondrona AQIM ny foto-drafitrasantsika, ho fatiny ny fizahantanintsika (ohatra fotsiny, manodidina ny 400,000 ny mpizahatany any Borkina Faso ary 900,000 any Senegal) ary izany no hiteraka karazan-korontana sy fivakisana ara-tsosialy maro samihafa.
25The Mecanopolis blog poses the following question: What exactly is AQIM and who is behind it? and explains:Mametraka izao fanontaniana manaraka izao ny bilaogy Mecanopolis: Inona marina moa ny AQIM ary iza no ao ambadik'izy io? no sady manazava:
26AQIM started to appear on the scene around January 2007, taking after the Algerian group named “Groupe salafiste pour la prédication et le combat (GSPC)”, this group included many rebellious Tuareg groups in a desert region that spanned from Niger to MauritaniaNanomboka niaka-tsehatra ny AQIM tany amin'ny Janoary 2007 tany ho any, avy amin'ny vondrona Alzeriana nitondra anarana hoe “Groupe salafiste pour la prédication et le combat (GSPC)”, io vondrona io dia nahitàna mpihoko Tuareg marobe avy amin'ny faritry ny tany efitra manomboka any Niger ka hatrany Maoritania
27For Bark Biiga on the Burkinabe diaspora website, Fasozine, the AQIM threat must be addressed heads on :Ao amin'ny tranonkalan'ireo teratany Borkinabe any am-pielezana, Fasozine, ho an'i Bark Biiga ny tahotra ny AQIM dia tsy maintsy avy any amin'ny lohany no miainga:
28In view of the worrisome threat of AQIM in the Sahel, we must exit the vicious cycle of violence to find sustainable solutions to provide security for both the population of the region and the foreigners who come to live or work there.Manoloana ny loza mitatao mandrakariva ateraky ny AQIM ao Sahel, tsy maintsy ialantsika ny sangodina tsy misy fiafaran'ny herisetra mba hitadiavantsika vahaolana maharitra hizorana mankamin'ny fandriampahalemana, na izany ho an'ny vahoakan'ny faritra, na ho an'ireo vahiny tonga ao mba honina na hiasa.
29Otherwise, when France plays the “Johny-come-lately” doctor, it will only make things worse instead of addressing the roots of the problem.Ny zavatra mifanohitra amin'izay, raha maka ny toeran'i dokotera “Johny-hoavy-tsyhoela” i Frantsa, vao mainka hanasaro-javatra izany toy izay mijery hatrany ifotony ny olana misy.
30The latest kidnapping certainly tainted the Malian independence celebration.Nanamaloka ny fankalazana ny fetin'ny fahaleovantena Maliana ny fakàna ankeriny farany teo.
31Bark Biiga again writes in his column:i Bark Biiga dia manoratra ao amin'ny tsanganany fa:
32Isn't it the immense poverty and the lack of administrative presence in the Malian Sahel that made the bed for AQIM in the region?Tsy ny fahantrana lalina sy ny tsy fisian'ny rafi-pitantanana ara-panjakana any amin'ny faritra Sahel Maliana ve no mahatonga azy ho toeram-pamaharan'ny AQIM ao amin'ilay faritra?
33It is not only about freeing the hostages but also to make sure that Mali, Niger, Mauritania, Algeria or Burkina Faso are not a haven for terrorists and do not compromise the development of African population that have already paid a heavy toll to colonisation, bad governance, and under-developmentTsy hoe fotsiny ho fanafahana ireo takalonaina fa koa mba hahazoana antoka fa i Mali, Niger, Maoritania, Alzeria na i Borkina Faso dia tsy ho paradisan'ny mpampihorohoro ary tsy hanohintohina ny fandrosoan'ny vahoaka Afrikana izay efa nandoa betsaka tamin'ny fanjanahantany, ny tsy fahaiza-mitantana, ary ny fihisatry ny fandrosoana.
34Niger is one of the world's leading uranium producer , yet it has one of the lowest average GDP per capita in Africa.i Niger dia iray amin'ireo firenena mitàna ny lohany manerantany amin'ny famokarana uranium, nefa dia izy koa no manana ny tahan'ny harin-karena faobe farany ambany isam-batan'olona ao Afrika.
35The sharing of revenues from the exploitation of this strategically important mining resource is problematic at many levels.Ny fitsinjarana ny tombontsoa azo avy amin'ny fitrandrahana an'io loharanon-karena an-kibon'ny tany goavana io dia mbola tena olana isaky ny ambaratonga maro.
36In Republicain-Niger, H.Ao anatin'ny Republicain-Niger, H.
37Adamou says:Adamou dia miteny:
38The special relationship between France and Niger in the past led to exclusive access for France to the uranium at a ridiculously low cost, thanks to a special accord signed in 1961.Ny fifandraisana manokana nisy teo amin'i Frantsa sy Niget tany aloha tany dia nitondra tamin'ny fanaovan'i Frantsa ampihimamba ny uranium amin'ny vidiny izay tena ambany dia ambany sy toa mananihany, vokatry ny fifanarahana manokana nosoniavina tamin'ny 1961.
39A contract with Imounaren was of the same vein that resulted in the state of Niger getting only 33% of the share of the company.Ny fifanarahana iray nifanaovana tamin'ny Imounaren dia tsy nisy valaka tamin'ny taloha izay tsy nahazoan'ny fitondrana ao Niger afa-tsy ny 33% amin'ilay orinasa.
40Meanwhile, the selling price of uranium is still well below what is currently available on the global market.Na izany aza , ny vidiny ivarotana ny uranium dia mbola ambany noho izay hita eo amin'ny tontolon'ny tsenam-barotra iraisam-pirenena amin'izao fotoana.
41Two meetings have been held recently to help develop a strategy, one was a meeting of the major Sahel states on September 26.Tsy ela akory izay dia nisy fihaonambe roa natao mba hitadiavana tetikady, ny iray dia fihaonamben'ny mpitantana ambony avy amin'ireo firenena any Sahel tamin'ny 26 Septambra.
42This was followed by a meeting of the heads of the intelligence agencies of Algeria, Mauritania, Niger and Mali on September 29.Io dia narahan'ny fihaonambe iray nahitàna irao lohandohan'ny sampam-pitsikilovana avy any Alzeria, Maoritania, Niger ary Mali tamin'ny 29 Septambra.