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1 | Is Empowering Women Key to Eradicating Global Hunger? | |
2 | This post is part of our special coverage Global Development 2011. | Fanalahidy Hamongorana Ny Hanoanana Eran'Izao Tontolo Izao Ve Ny Fandrisihana Ny Vehivavy? |
3 | This post was commissioned as part of a Pulitzer Center/Global Voices Online series on Food Insecurity. | Ity lahatsoratra ity dia iray amin'ireo nangatahan'ny Pulitzer Center/Global Voices Online ho soratana tanatinà andian-dahatsoratra momba ny Tsy Fanjariana Ara-tsakafo. |
4 | These reports draw on multimedia reporting featured on the Pulitzer Gateway to Food Insecurity and bloggers discussing the issues worldwide. | Ireny tatitra ireny dia fakàn-kevitra ho amin'ny fanadihadiana anaty multimedia nokarakarain'ny Pulitzer momba ny Tsy Fanjariana Ara-tsakafo sy ny mpitoraka bilaogy maro miresaka momba ireny olana ireny manerana izao tontolo izao. |
5 | Share your own story on food insecurity here. | Zarao etoana ny tantara manokana avy any aminao mikasika ny tsy fanjariana ara-tsakafo. |
6 | As global food prices continue to remain high, with potential increases on the horizon because of soaring oil prices and supply concerns, experts says there is one often-overlooked solution for fighting hunger: women. | Satria ny vidin-tsakafo eran-tany dia mitohy hatrany mijanona ho avo, ary mbola hita eny am-paratazana ny fisondrotana noho ny sondro-bidin'ny solika sy ny tahirin-tsakafo, milaza ireo manampahaizana manokana fa misy vahaolana izay matetika no tsinontsinoavina azo iadiana amin'ny hanoanana: ny vehivavy. |
7 | Gender gap | Ny hantsana eo amin'ny Lahy sy Vavy |
8 | Woman farmer harvesting high yielding maize variety. | Vehivavy mpamboly mioty karazan-katsaka manome vokatra betsaka. |
9 | Image by Flickr user IITA Image Library (CC BY-NC 2.0). | Sary avy amin'ny tahirin'ilay mpampiasa Flickr IITA (CC BY-NC 2.0). |
10 | Women are vital to food production in many developing countries, making up on average 43 percent of the agricultural labor force. | Manana toerana iankinan'ny aina ny vehivavy eo amin'ny famokarana sakafo any amin'ny tany an-dalam-pandrosoana maro, manome ny salan'isa 43% amin'ny hery afaka mamokatra eny ambanivohitra. |
11 | Some estimate that 80 percent of those involved in farming in Africa and 60 percent in Asia are women. | Ny sasany maminavina fa 80 isan-jatony amin'ireo no eo anivon'ny sehatry ny fambolena any Afrika ary 60 isan-jatony ny ao Azia no vehivavy daholo. |
12 | At the Envision forum last week in New York City, during a panel focused on women's roles in alleviating hunger and poverty, United Nations Development Programme Under-Secretary General and Associate Administrator Rebeca Grynspan said: | Nandritra ny fifanakalozan-kevitra Envision tamin'ny herinandro lasa tao an-tananan'i New York, tao anatinà lohahevitra nibanjinana ny anjara toeran'ny vehivavy amin'ny fampihenana ny hanoanana sy ny fahantràna, ny Lefitry ny Sekretera Jeneraly sady Mpandrindra mpiara-mitantana ny Fandaharan'asan'ny Firenena Mikambana momba ny Fampandrosoana , Rebeca Grynspan, dia niteny hoe: : |
13 | Even talking only about the rural areas, women produce 50 percent of the food of the world. | Na dia ny faritra ambanivohitra fotsiny aza no resahana, ny vehivavy no mamokatra ny 50 isan-jaton'ny sakafo eran'izao tontolo izao. |
14 | They receive only 1 percent of the credit but they produce 50 percent of the food. | 1 isan-jato monja amin'ny fampindramam-bola no mba azon-dry zareo, kanefa dia mamokatra ny 50 isan-jaton'ny sakafo izy ireo. |
15 | In addition to a lack of recognition, a report released last month from the United Nation's (UN) Food and Agriculture Organization says that while female farmers' roles may vary across regions, they consistently have less access to resources and opportunities than their male counterparts. | Manampy io tsy fahampian'ny fankasitrahana io, tatitra iray nivoaka tamin'ny volana lasa avy amin'ny Fandaharan'asan'ny Firenena Mikambana Momba ny Sakafo (FAO) no miteny fa na dia miovaova araka ny faritra aza ny anjara toerana misy ny vehivavy, dia mitoetra foana ny fahateren'ny fahafahan'izy ireny mahazo famatsiam-bola sy fanohanana raha miohatra amin'ireo lehilahy mpamboly toa azy. |
16 | Closing this gender gap could lift as many as 150 million people out of hunger. | Ny fanafoanana io hantsana io dia mety hanavotra olona 150 tapitrisa amin'ny hanoanana. |
17 | Ma. Estrella A. | Ma. Estrella A. |
18 | Penunia, posting on the website of the Asian Farmers Association for Sustainable Rural Development, lists six key reasons why we should care about female farmers, including food security issues. | Penunia, nanoratra tao amin'ny vohikalan'ny Fikambanan'ireo Tantsaha Aziatika ho amin'ny Fampandrosoana Maharitra ny eny Ambanivohitra, dia mitanisa antony enina fototra tokony hijerentsika / hikarakarantsika ireo vehivavy tantsaha, tafiditra anatin'izany ny olan'ny fiahiana ara-tsakafo. |
19 | Meanwhile, Emily Oakley, a United States (U.S.) farmer who has studied small-scale farming in dozens of countries, reflects in a post on the blog In Her Field on women in agriculture: | Mandritra izany fotoana izany, Emily Oakley, tantsaha avy any Etazonia izay nianatra momba ny fandraharahana madinika eny ambanivohitra tany aminà firenena ampolony eo ho eo, dia mandinika mikasika ireo vehivavy tantsaha ao anaty lahatsoratra In Her Field (Eo amin'ny taniny) nosoratany tao amin'ny bilaoginy: |
20 | In most places I have visited, women are more than just supporters of agriculture; they partner with their husbands in day-to-day tasks, decision-making, and planning. | Tany amin'ny ankabeazan'ireo toerana notsidihako, manoatra lavitra mihitsy noho ny mpitazam-potsiny ny asa eny an-tsaha ireo vehivavy; mirotsaka an-tsehatra ry zareo manampy ny vadiny amin'ny asa andavan'andro, ny fandraisana fanapahan-kevitra sy fandaminana. |
21 | In Kenya, it is far more typical to see a woman by herself with a child strapped on her back turning up a field with a hoe in hand than it is to see her joined by her husband. | Tany Kenya, zavatra mahazatra ny mahita vehivavy tokantena mibaby zaza eo an-damosiny miasa tany aminà lapika tsy araham-badiny. Any aminà tanàna lavitr'andriana iray any Nepal Andrefana ( lavitra midika hoe dia an-togotra tapak'andro ianao vao tonga amin'ny arabe akaiky indrindra), ny tantsaha izay neken'ny rehetra tao an-tanàna fa nitondra fiovàna dia vehivavy. |
22 | In a remote village of Western Nepal (the kind of remote that means half a day's walk to the nearest road), the farmer everyone in town agreed was most innovative was a woman. | |
23 | Her farm stood out on the hillside as an oasis of growth and diversity where other farms were experiencing soil erosion and poor yields. | An-tehezam-bohitra iray no misy ny toeram-piompiany, toy ny toeram-pitodiana kelin'ny fandrosoana sy ny fahasamihafàna, toerana izay iainan'ny hafa ny fikorotsahan'ny tany sy ny tsy fahampian'ny tsiron-tany intsony. |
24 | I recently participated in a farmer-to-farmer project in the Dominican Republic focusing on women farmers in commercial hoop house production of bell peppers. | Tsy ela akory izay dia nandray anjara taminà atrikasa niarahan'ny mpamboly aho tany amin'ny Repoblika Dominikana, nibanjinana ny vehivavy tantsaha mamokatra sakaibe mitodika amin'ny tsenam-barotra. |
25 | This is just the tiniest taste of women's work in agriculture. | Andran-tsira fotsiny ihany amin'ny asan'ny vehivavy ao amin'ny sehatry ny fambolena io. |
26 | Food for the whole family | Sakafo ho an'ny fianakaviana manontolo |
27 | Many women work as subsistence farmers, small-scale entrepreneurs, unpaid workers or casual wage laborers. | Maro amin'ny vehivavy no miasa ho toy ny tantsaha mpamokatra izay ilaina fotsiny, na mpandraharaha madinika, mpiasa tsy mandray karama na mpanao asa an-tselika. |
28 | Giving these women the same tools and resources as men, including better access to financial services, technical equipment, land, education and markets, could increase agricultural production in developing countries by 2.5 to 4 percent, according to the UN report. | Ny fanomezana ireny vehivavy ireny ny fitaovana sy tohana mitovy amin'ny azon'ny lehilahy, tafiditra amin'izany ny fahazoana miditra amin'ny tolotra famatsiam-bola mendrika, fitaovana ara-teknika, tany, fanabeazana sy tsenam-barotra, dia afaka mampakatra ny vokatra ara-pambolena any amin'ireo tany andalam-pandrosoana hiala avy amin'ny 2.5 ho any amin'ny 4 isan-jato, raha araka ny tatitry ny Firenena Mikambana. |
29 | These production gains could, in turn, reduce the number of hungry people by 12 to 17 percent, or by 100 to 150 million people. | Ireny tombony amin'ny vokatra ireny, ho setrin'izay, dia afaka mampidina ny isan'ireo olona noana ho 12 hatramin'ny 17 isan-jato, na 100 hatramin'ny 150 tapitrisa olona. |
30 | There were roughly 925 million undernourished people globally in 2010. | Vinaina ho 925 tapitrisa eo ny olona zara raha mihinana maneran-tany tamin'ny 2010. |
31 | Empowering women could also improve food security for their entire family, says the report, because women are more likely than men to spend additional income on food, education and other basic household needs. | Ny fandrisihana ny vehivavy dia mety koa hanatsara ny fiahiana ara-tsakafo ho an'ny ankohonan-dry zareo manontolo, hoy ilay tatitra, satria ny vehivavy no mampiasa misimisy kokoa ny vola miditra amin'ny resaka sakafo, fanabeazana na filàna fototra ho fampandehanana ny tokantrano raha miohatra amin'ny lehilahy. |
32 | But Dipendra Pokharel, a researcher in Nepal, says on his blog that women's roles in the home can also mean their needs get overlooked: | Nefa i Dipendra Pokharel, mpikaroka iray ao Nepal, dia miteny ao amin'ny bilaoginy fa ny andraikitra raisin'ny vehivavy ao an-tokantranon'izy ireny dia mety hidika koa fa tsy dia noheverina loatra ny filàn-dry zareo : |
33 | Women farmers often have different priorities than their male counterparts, and this can, in many cases, be related to their direct role in feeding their family. | Matetika ireo vehivavy tantsaha no manana laharam-pahamehana hafa mihitsy mitaha amin'ny an'ny vadin-dry zareo, ary io, amin'ny lafiny maro, dia mifandray mivantana amin'ny anjara andraikitra rasin'izy ireo mivantana amin'ny fanohanana ara-tsakafo ny ankohonany. |
34 | In the rural areas of Nepal, traditionally men control the outside world and women the inside of the home. | Any amin'ny faritra ambanivohitr'i Nepal, raha araka ny fomban-drazana dia misahana ny tontolo ivelany ny lehilahy ary an'ny vehivavy ny ao anatin'ny trano. |
35 | Such traditional perspectives can contribute to the lop-sidedness of ‘gender blind' information, collected by outsiders with the intention of helping a community. | Ny fomba fijery nentim-paharazana toy izany dia manome vahana ny fitongilanana amin'ny fahazoam-baovao eo amin'ny lahy sy ny vavy, angonin'ireo vahiny te-hanampy vondrom-piaraha-monina iray. |
36 | It is usually the men who provide information to the outsiders. | Mazàna dia ny lehilahy no manome valinteny ho an'ireo zavatra tian'ny vahiny ho fantarina. |
37 | This means that women's priorities are often overlooked, unless they are specifically taken into account. | Midika izany fa matetika no atao anjorom-bala ny laharam-pahamehan'ireo vehivavy, raha tsy hoe raisina manokana ho ao anaty kajikajy izy ireny. |
38 | This also supports the view that the female farmers receive less extension services which are needed to transform their subsistence-based farming system to a more commercial one. | Io koa dia manohana ilay fomba fijery hoe kely kokoa ny tolotra fanitàrana ilaina azon'ireo vehivavy tantsaha mba hanovàn-dry zareo ny rafitra famboleny nifototra fotsiny tamin'ny velontena ka hirona kokoa ho amin'ny famarotana. |
39 | Female farmers operate smaller farms than male farmers, on average only half to two-thirds as large, according to the report, and their farms usually have lower yields. | Miasa aminà seha-pamokarana kelikely kokoa noho ny an'ny lehilahy ireo vehivavy tantsaha, mety ho ny antsasany fotsiny na ny roa ampahatelony raha be indrindra, araka ilay tatitra, ary matetika ny seha-pamokarany no zara raha mitera-bokatra. |
40 | They are also less likely to own land or have access to rented land. | Tsy dia manam-pahafahana hanana tany ho azy manokana koa izy ireny na hanofa tany. |
41 | The report shows, for example, that women represent fewer than 5 percent of all agricultural holders in West Asia and North Africa. | Ilay tatitra dia mampiseho, ohatra, fa ambanin'ny 5 % no isan'ny vehivavy mpandraharaha ara-pambolena any Azia Andrefana sy Afrika Avaratra. |
42 | Jane Tarh Takang, who has worked with farmers in West and Central Africa, discusses land rights issues in an interview by Edith Abilogo posted on FORESTSBlog, the blog of The Center for International Forestry Research: | Jane Tarh Takang, izay niara-niasa niaraka tamin'ireo tantsaha tany Afrika Andrefana sy Afovoany, dia miresaka ireo olan'ny fananan-tany tao anatin'ny resadresaka nifanaovany tamin'i Edith Abilogo nakarina tao amin'ny FORESTSBlog, ilay bilaogin'ny Ivontoerana Iraisam-pirenena Fikarohana momba ny Ala: |
43 | In most communities in Africa, women and girls have very limited access to property and land compared with boys and men. | Any anatin'ny ankamaroan'ireo vondrom-piarahamonina ao Afrika, voafetra dia voafetra ny fahafahan'ny vehivavy sy ny ankizivavy miditra amin'izany fizakam-panànana sy fanànana tany izany raha ampitahaina amin'ny tovolahy sy ny lehilahy. |
44 | Without land, they cannot produce resources to feed their family or generate income, and this results in extending the poverty cycle to their children. | Rehefa tsy misy tany, tsy afaka miantoka ny ara-tsakafon'ny ankohonany na mamorona fidiram-bola izy ireny, ary izany dia miteraka tsingeringerim-pahantrana hatrany amin'ny taranak'izy ireo. |
45 | This situation is worse when it comes to widows or unmarried women…In cases where the existing farmlands have been depleted due to unsustainable agricultural practices, men would prefer to reserve the fertile areas for their own use and leave the less fertile ones to the women. | Ratsy be io fiantraikany io ho an'ireo mananon-tena na vehivavy tsy manambady… Raha amin'ny tranga hoe efa lanin'ireo seha-pambolena goavana ny tany azo volena, aleon'ny lehilahy mitazona ny faritra mahavokatra ho azy ireo manokana ka mamela ny sisa tsy dia mamokatra ho an'ny vehivavy. |
46 | Elfinesh Dermeji, an Ethiopian female farmer who attended the Workshop on Gender and Market-Oriented Agriculture in Addis Ababa earlier this year, says in a post on the New Agriculturist that it is not always easy to get women involved in agriculture: | Elfinesh Dermeji, vehivavy tantsaha Etiopiana iray izay nanatrika ny Atrikasa momba ny Maha lahy na Maha-vavy sy ny Asa Fambolena mitodika mankamin'ny Tsenam-bokatra natao tany Addis Abeba tamin'ny fiandohan'ity taona ity, dia manambara ao anatinà lahatsoratra iray ao amin'ny New Agriculturist (Tantsaha Vaovao) fa tsy mora hatrany akory ny mampandray andraikitra ireo vehivavy amin'ny resaka fambolena: |
47 | In some families when the men are positive and they want their wives to participate, the woman is not business oriented or she's not motivated. | Any anatin'ny fianakaviana sasany rehefa manaiky ry zareo lehilahy ary maniry ny handraisan'ny vadin'izy ireo anjara, dia ny vehivavy indray no tsy manana ilay toe-tsain'ny fandraharahana na tsy marisika. |
48 | On the other side there are some men, when women are motivated and they want to participate, they don't want her to leave the house. | Amin'ny lafiny iray hafa dia misy lehilahy, rehefa ny vehivavy no marisika ary maniry ny handray anjara, tsy ankasitrahan-dry zareo ny handaozam-badiny ny tokantrano. |
49 | They would rather not have that income than have their wife involved in an association. | Aleon-dry zareo tsy manana an'izay fanampim-pidiram-bola izay toy izay hahita ny vadin-dry zareo hiditra handray anjara anaty fikambanana iray. |
50 | A search for solutions | Fikaroham-bahaolana |
51 | Still, numerous projects globally are involving female farmers, from encouraging women in Ghana to buy tractors to lobbying the Philippines government to allow the wife's name on land titles to increasing the use of information and communication technologies among Ugandan farmers. | Kanefa, maro ireo tetikasa erantany no andraisan'ny vehivavy tantsaha anjara, miainga amin'ny fandrisihana ny vehivavy ao Ghana hividy fiara vaventy fanatanterahana asa “tracteurs” hatramin'ny fanerena ny governemanta Filipiana mba hamela ny anaran-dramatoa ho azo apetraka ao anaty taratasy fananan-tany ka hatramin'ny fampitomboana ny fampiasàna ny teknolojiam-baovao sy fifandraisana eny anivon'ny tantsaha Ogande. |
52 | On OneWorld South Asia, Ananya Mukherjee-Reed describes how 250,000 Kudumbashree members, a network of 3.7 million women in the Indian state of Kerala, have formed farming collectives to jointly lease and cultivate land: | Ao amin'ny OneWorld South Asia, Ananya Mukherjee-Reed mamaritra ny fomba nataon'ireo mpikambana 250,000 ao amin'ny Kudumbashree, tambajotra iray misy vehivavy 3.7 tapitrisa any amin'ny faritra Indiana ao Kerala, nananganan-dry zareo fambolena iraisana mba hiarahana manofa sy mamboly ny tany: |
53 | ‘As farmers, now we control our own time, resources and labour,' was the refrain I heard over and over again. | ‘Amin'ny maha vehivavy tantsaha, izahay ankehitriny no mitantana ny fotoananay, ny loharanon-karena sy ny herim-pamokarana', izany no reko noventiventesina hatrany hatrany. |
54 | Dhanalakhsmi, a young woman in Elappully, tells me that the change in her role from a labourer to producer has had a profound effect on her children. | Dhanalakhsmi, vehivavy tanora iray ao Elappully, milaza amiko fa ny fiovàna eo amin'ny anjara andraikiny niàla tamin'ny maha mpiasa tsotra ka lasa mpamokatra dia tena nisy fiantraikany lalina teo amin'ireo zanany. |
55 | ‘They see me differently now. | Hafa mihitsy ny fomba fijerin'izy ireo ahy ankehitriny. |
56 | When we are at meetings discussing our farms, our incomes, or simply sharing our problems, they watch with a lot of interest.' | Rehefa mba mifamory izahay miresaka momba ny asa fihariana, ny fidiram-bolanay, na mifampizara tsotra fotsiny ny olna mitranga, dia amim-pahalinana tokoa no hijeren'izy ireo ahy' |
57 | But bloggers say more can be done. | Nefa miteny ireo mpitoraka bilaogy fa mbola maro no azo efaina. |
58 | In a post on Solutions, Yifat Susskind argues that the U.S. should buy crops from local African farmers as part of their foreign aid. | Ao anaty lahatsoratra iray Solutions (Vahaolana), Yifat Susskind manohana fa Etazonia dia tokony hividy ireo vokatra avy amin'ny tantsaha Afrikana ho tahaka ny fanampiana ivelany ataon-dry zareo. |
59 | Dipendra Pokharel says rural women must gain social and political space in private and public domains. | Dipendra Pokharel milaza fa ireo vehivavy eny ambanivohitra dia tsy maintsy hahazo toerana ara-tsosialy sy politika eny amin'ny sehatra tsy miankina sy ara-panjakana. |
60 | Melissa McEwan, blogging on Shakesville in the U.S., challenges the misconception that only men are farmers by compiling almost 100 photos of female farmers worldwide. | Melissa McEwan, mitoraka bilaogy ao amin'ny Shakesville avy any Etazonia, manohitra ny hevitra raiki-tampisaka hoe ny lehilahy irery ihany no tantsaha, amin'ny fanambatambàrana efa ho sarim-behivavy tantsaha 100 manerana izao tontolo izao. |
61 | The report says changes are also needed at the policy level. | Ilay tatitra dia milaza fa ilaina koa ny fanovàna eo amin'ny sehatra politika. |
62 | Whatever the approach, Ma. Estrella A. | Na inona na inona fomba atao, miteny i Ma. Estrella A. |
63 | Penunia says to truly succeed it should be inclusive: | Penunia fa raha tena tiana marina ny hahatafita an'io dia tokony ho azon'ny rehetra irotsahana: |
64 | As farming in many developing countries is a family endeavor, the one important thing also that can greatly help women farmers is the support that they will get from their husbands and male leaders /members of their organizations. | Satria ny asa eny an-tsaha dia ezaka ifarimbonan'ny fianakaviana manontolo any amin'ireo tany andalam-pandrosoana, ny zavatra iray lehibe mety hanampy koa ny vehivavy tantsaha dia ny fanohanana ataon'ny vadin-dry zareo azy ary fisian'ny lehilahy mitarika / mikambana any anatin'ireo fikambanan-dry zareo. |
65 | In households where both the man and the woman have been sensitized to the dynamics of gender and believe in equal rights and opportunities, the full potentials of a woman farmer are harnessed to the fullest. | Ao anatinà fitantanana izay iarahan'ny lehilahy sy ny vehivavy mitondra ary hahatsapany ny fifamenoana sy fitovian'ny roa tonta eo amin'ny zo sy fahafaha-manao, dia voatrandraka tanteraka amin'ny tokony ho izy ny tena fara-fahaizan'ny vehivavy. |