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1Brazilian Tear Gas Used Against Turkish ProtestersGrenady Breziliana Hamelezana Tiorka
2[All links lead to sites in Portuguese unless specified otherwise.
3At the time of writing, Condor's website was offline for maintenance.] This post, written by Bruno Fonseca and Natalia Viana for Agência Pública, was originally published as a report entitled “Bomba brasileira na pele turca” (Turks Feel a Brazilian Bomb Firsthand) and is part of the special coverage #IndústriaBrasileiraDeArmas (Brazilian Weapons Industry) on the weapons lobby and industry in Brazil.Ity lahatsoratra nosoratan'i Bruno Fonseca sy Natalia Viana, avy amin'i Agência Pública, ity dia nivoaka tamin'ny voalohany tamin'ny lohateny hoe “Bomba brasileira na pele turca” (grenady breziliana hamelezana ny Tiorka) , izy ity dia ao anatin'ny fanadihadiana manokana momba ireo vondron'olona mpanery ny manampahefana sy ny orinasa mpamokatra fitaovam-piadiana ao Brezila #IndústriaBrasileiraDeArmas.
4The story will be published in a series of three articles on Global Voices Online.Hisy lahatsoratra telo momba izany fanadihadiana izany eto amin'ny Global Voices Online.
5This is the first part of the series.Ity ny lahatsoratra voalohany amin'izany.
6In 2012, when the inscription “Made in Brazil” marked canisters of tear gas used against pro-democracy demonstrators in Bahrain, allegedly causing the death of more than a dozen people including a five-day-old baby [en], the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Relations (Itamaraty) announced [en] that it would investigate whether there were any irregularities in the export of Brazilian tear gas.Tamin'ny 2012, hita tamin'ny baomba mandatsa-dranomaso namelezana ny mpanao fihetsiketsehana miandany amin'ny demokrasia tao Bahrain ny soratra hoe ”made in Brazil”. Nisy mpikatroka niampanga ny fisian'ny zazakely iray maty, lasibatry ny gazy breziliana, ary nanambara ny minisitry ny raharaham-bahiny breziliana fa hanamarina ny mety ho fisian'ny zavatra tsy mazava teo amin'ny fanondranana ity vokatra ity.
7However, one year later, Itamaraty states that it is simply observing the case without conducting investigations or taking measures.
8In an indignant response, American-Saudi activist Rasheed Abou-Alsamh, the author of a news report from January 2012 denouncing the use of Brazilian tear gas against pro-democracy protesters in Bahrein, wrote [en]:Nefa herintaona taty aoriana, nanambara ny tao amin'ny minisiteran'ny raharaham-bahiny (Lapan'Itamaraty), fa nandray naoty ny zava-nitranga tsy nanao famotorana na fepetra noraisina izy. Hoy i Rasheed Abou-Alsamh, mpikatroka Amerikanina-Saodianina, nanoratra ny fiampangana:
9Itamaraty must find us naive.Mety mieritreritra i Itamaraty fa donto izahay
10In the absence of restrictions [from the Brazilian government] on the exportation of non-lethal arms, the same tear gas, manufactured by the firm Condor SA in Rio de Janeiro, is now employed by the Turkish police in repressing the growing protests against the government of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, which have spread to more than 60 locations throughout the country, leaving hundreds wounded and estimates of 2,000 arrested.Noho ny tsy fisian'ny fandrarana momba ny fanondranana fitaovam-piadiana tsy mahafaty, dia ampiasain'ny polisy tiorka hamoretana ny fihetsiketseha-panoherana an'i Recep Tayyip Erdogan , izay mipoaka any amin'ny tanàna 60 mahery mahatonga faharatran'olona an-jatony sy fisamboran'olona eo ho eo amin'ny 2000 eo ankehitriny ity gazy vokarin'ny orinasa Condor S A avy ao Rio de Janeiro ity.
11Amnesty International confirms the use of Brazilian tear gas during the protests - which began after a peaceful protest against the removal of 600 trees in Taksim Square in Istanbul.Manamafy ny fampiasana gazy (baomba) mandatsa-dranomaso breziliana nandritra ireny toe-javatra nanomboka tamin'ny fandabohana hazo 600 eo amin'ny kianja Taksim ao Istambul ireny ny Amnesty International.
12American professor Suzette Grillot, who is in the capital city of Ankara, photographed one of the Brazilian canisters used by the police and told Agência Pública:Suzette Grillot, mpampianatra amerikanina iray izay nanatrika izany, no naka sary ny iray amin'ireo tora-javatra nampiasain'ny polisy ary nanao fanambarana tao amin'ny Agência Pública:
13A member of our group found the canister last night (June 3) in Ankara.Mpikambana iray ao amin'ny vondrona misy anay no nahita ity grenady ity tamin'ny halina (3 jona) tao Ankara.
14An American professor photographed one of the Brazilian tear gas projectiles used by Turkish police.Mpampianatra Amerikanina iray no naka sary kopily iray nampiasain'ny polisy tiorka ho gazy mandatsa-dranomaso.
15Image: Suzette Grillot/Used under Creative Commons license.Saripika Suzette Grillot/ lisansa Creative Commons
16Brazilian tear gas has been used since the beginning of the protests in Istanbul on May 31.Nampiasaina hatramin'ny nanombohan'ny fihetsiketsehana , tamin'ny 31 mey tao Istambul ny gazy mandatsa-dranomaso breziliana.
17One participant of the Occupy Gezi movement, who preferred not to be identified for fear of reprisal, explains:Mitantara ny mpikambana ao amin'ny Occupy Gezi [Bodoy Gezi] izay nisafidy ny tsy hanonona anarana noho ny tahotra mety hisian'ny famaizana:
18That day, there was just a small group of environmentalists.Tamin'io andro io, tsy nisy afa-tsy vondrona vitsin'ny mpandala tontolo maitso no teo.
19The police invaded the park at five in the morning while these people were sleeping in their tents.Nanemitra ny zaridaina ny polisy tamin'ny dimy ora maraina raha mbola natory tao anaty fialofana tsizarizary ry zareo.
20The police burned tents and attacked the protesters with tear gas.Nodoran'ny polisy ny fialofana ary notifiriny gazy mandatsa-dranomaso ny mpanao fihetsiketsehana.
21The police should have shot the gas canisters up, but they were aiming at people.Tokony natifiny ambony izy ireny saingy nataony tifitra akaiky dia akaiky.
22Some lost their sight by being directly hit [by the canisters], others were hit in the arms or legs.Maromaro ireo lasa tsy nahita noho izy ireo voan'ny kopily mivantana, ny hafa indray nisy voa teny amin'ny sandry na teny amin'ny tongotra.
23There are hundreds of videos showing the effects of the gas: tears, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing.Ahitana lahatsary an-jatony mampiseho ny fiantraikan'ny gazy mandatsa-dranomaso : Ranomaso tsy mitsaha-miraraka, salebolebo, fandoavana, fahasahiranana ara-pisefoana
24The UN Office on Human Rights asked Turkey to conduct an independent investigation into the conduct of its security forces regarding the protests.Niangavy an'i Torkia hanokatra famotorana tsy miankina tamin'ireo fihetsiky ny mpitandro ny filaminana raha niatrika ny mpanao fihetsiketsehana ny Biraon'ny Firenena Mikambana misahana ny zon'olombelona.
25The spokesperson for the UN High Commission for Human Rights, Cecile Pouilly, stated:Cécile Pouilly, mpitondra tenin'ny komisarià ambony ao amin'ny Firenena Mikambana misahana ny zon'olombelona, no nanao izao fanambarana manaraka izao:
26We are concerned with reports of excessive use of force by law enforcement agents against the protesters. “Non-lethal” weapons do killSahiran-kevitra amin'ny vaovao milaza ny fampiasan'ny mpitandro ny filaminana hery tafahoatra amin'ny mpanao fihetsiketsehana izahay
27The shell photographed by the American Suzette Grillot is the remains of a long range tear gas canister (GL 202) produced by Condor, a leader in the production of this type of weapon in Latin America.Ny taimbala nopihan'ilay Amerikana vavy Suzette Grillot sary no sisa tamin'ilay kopily mandatsa-dranomaso mahataka-davitra ( GL 202) novokarin'ny orinasa Condor, lohalaharana amin'ny famokarana karazam-piadiana tahaka ireny ao Amerika Latinina.
28The canister can reach an average distance of 120 meters (394 feet) and should be targeted before or above obstacles such as walls and barricades “in order to remove people and disperse groups of law-offenders,” according to the manufacturers own description.Mety hahatratra hatrany amin'ny 120 metatra amin'ny ankapobeny ny kopily ary afa-mihoatra sakatsakana tahaka ny rindrina na barazy “hanesorana olona sy hampiparitaka andian'olona mandika lalàna ”, araka ny fomba fiteny ampiasain'ny mpamokatra azy.
29However, Condor states on its site that incorrect use of the canisters can cause serious damage to health - and even death.Saingy, nanazava tao amin'ny tranonkalany ny orinasa Condor fa mety hampisy fahavoazana goavana eo amin'ny fahasalamana ary mety mahatonga hatrany amin'ny fahafatesana aza ny fampiasana amin'ny tsy mety ireny kopily ireny.
30Another photo taken by demonstrators shows a random movement tear gas grenade (GL 310), also known as the “ballerina.”Sary hafa noraisin'ny mpanao fihetsiketsehana, no mampiseho grenady mandatsa-dranomaso iray mivezivezy [toa tandrimo ?] (GL 310), fantatra amin'ny anarana ho “mpandihy” .
31Upon impact with the ground, the bomb bounces back up moving in various directions, spreading the gas over a greater area and avoiding the possibility of the “target” throwing it back in the direction of the police force.Raha vao midona amin'ny tany izy io dia mitontotontona tsy fantatra izorana sady mamoaka gazy ihany amin'ny faritra midadasika nefa tsy afa-mandaka azy hiverina any amin'ny mpitandro ny filaminana ny olona lasibatra.
32The company's site states that the grenade can ignite fires when it comes in contact with flammable materials.Manamarika ny orinasa fa raha midona amin'ny zavatra mora mirehitra ny grenady dia mety hiteraka haintrano.
33In a photo made public by demonstrators, the weapons GL 310 and Gl 202 from Condor are shown (1st and 3rd items from left to right).Ao amin'ity sary navoakan'ny mpanao fihetsiketsehana ity no ahitana fitaovam-piadiana GL 310 sy Gl 202 an'ny Condor (1º sy 3º avy any ankavia miankavanana).
34The 2nd weapon from the left is from Nonlethal Technologies, a company from the United States, which is the principal exporter of non-lethal weapons to Turkey, alongside the Brazilian Condor/Used under Creative Commons license.Ny kopily faharoa avy any ankavia dia avy any amin'ny Nonlethal Technologies, orinasan'i Etazonia izay voalohany amin'ny fanondranana fitaovam-piadiana « tsy mahafaty » miaraka amin'ny brezilianina Condor mankany Torkia. Lisansa Creative Commons