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1 | Will the Right to Be Forgotten Inspire Repressive Regimes to Expand Internet Censorship? | Hanome Hevitra Ireo Fitondrana Mpamoritra Hanitatra Ny Sivana Ve Ny Zo Hohadinoina? |
2 | The original version of this post appeared on the IGMENA blog. | Hita ao amin'ny bilaogy IGMENA ny lahatsoratra navoaka voalohany. |
3 | The EU's “right to be forgotten” has left many advocates in the Arab region fearful that governments will exploit the law to further curtail freedom of information and expression on the Internet. | Maro ireo mpiaro ny zo any amin'ny faritra Arabo no manahy ny mety hanararaotan'ny governemanta ilay lalànan'ny “zo hohadinoina” an'ny vondrona Eorôpeana mba hamerana bebe kokoa ny fahalalahana mahazo vaovao sy maneho hevitra amin'ny Aterineto. |
4 | Ben Ali meets with George W. | Fihaonan'i Ben Ali niaraka tamin'i George W. |
5 | Bush in Washington, DC, 2004. | Bush tany Washington DC, taona 2004. |
6 | Photo by Paul Morse, released to public domain. | Sary avy tamin'i Paul Morse, navoaka ho an'ny sehatry ny daholobe. |
7 | The ruling allows EU citizens to request that search engines de-index links to personal information deemed “inaccurate, inadequate, irrelevant or excessive” so that it does not appear in search results. | Omen'ilay didy alàlana ireo olom-pirenena Eorôpeana hangataka ny hanesoran'ireo loha-milina fikarohana ny rohy mankany amin'ny mombamomba ny tena manokana, voasokajy ho “diso, tsy marina, tsy mazava tsara na mihoa-pefy”, tsy hipoitra any amin'ireo valin'ny fitadiavana. |
8 | The court clarified that the right to be forgotten “is not absolute” and a case-by-case assessment is needed to make sure that an individual's right to be forgotten does not infringe on the public's right to know. | Nanazava ny fitsaràna fa “tsy mandeha ho azy ho an'ny rehetra” ilay zo hohadinoina, ary mila jerena tsirairay araka ny zava-mitranga, mba hiantohana fa tsy hanohintohina ny zon'ny vahoaka hahalala, ny zon'ny olona iray hohadinoina. |
9 | But since the ruling, Google reports that it has received over 135,000 requests for removal of links from its search results. | Saingy hatramin'ny namoahana ilay didy, nitatitra ny Google fa efa nahazo fangatahana maherin'ny 135.000 isa mba hanesorana rohy ao amin'ireo valin'ny fitadiavana. |
10 | In August, the world's largest search engine announced that it had approved just over 50% of requests received. | Ny volana Aogositra, nanambara ilay lehibe indrindra eran-tany amin'ny loha-milina fikarohana fa nanaiky ny maherin'ny 50% amin'ireo fangatahana voaray izy. |
11 | These included links to legitimate journalistic work and news articles published by the BBC, the Guardian, and the Daily Mail, some of which were reinstated in response to journalists' objections. | Tafiditra ao ireo rohy mikasika ny asa fanaovan-gazety manokana ary ireo lahatsoratra filazam-baovao nalefan'ny BBC, ny Guardian, ary ny Daily Mail, naverina tamin'ny toerany ny sasany tamin'ireo mba ho valin'ny tsy faneken'ireo mpanao gazety. |
12 | The company periodically releases selective data about the process, which can be found here. | Matetika mamoaka angon-drakitra voafantina momba ny fomba fiasa ilay orinasa, izay afaka jerena ato. |
13 | What if such a policy were to take hold in the Arab region? | Inona no atao raha hampiharina ao amin'ny faritra Arabo io politika io? |
14 | Although its implementation is currently only limited to Europe, the “right to be forgotten” ruling could inspire repressive regimes to expand their Internet filtering practices. | Na dia voafetra ao Eorôpa ihany aza hatreto ny fampiharana azy, mety hanome hevitra ireo fitondrana mpamoritra mba hanitarana ireo sivana ataony eo amin'ny fampiasana ny Aterineto ilay lalànan'ny “zo hohadinoina”. |
15 | “It will be used by other governments that aren't as forward and progressive as Europe to do bad things,” Google's CEO Larry Page warned in late May. | Ny faramparan'ny volana May, nampitandrina ny Filoha Tale Jeneralin'ny Google, Larry Page, hoe “ho ampiasain'ireo governemanta hafa izay tsy mivoatra loatra sy mandàla fandrosoana toa an'i Eorôpa hanaovana zavatra ratsy io,”. |
16 | In an email interview, Dhouha Ben Youssef, a Tunisian net freedom and privacy advocate wrote that she agreed with Page. | Tamin'ny tafatafa tamin'ny mailaka, nanoratra i Dhouha Ben Youssef, Toniziana mpiaro ny fahalalahan'ny aterineto sy ny fiainana manokan'ny tena , fa miray hevitra amin'i Page izy. |
17 | “These governments will take advantage from this directive. | “Hahazo vahana amin'io fanapahan-kevitra io ireo governemanta ireo. |
18 | Powerful people will be able to hide disgraceful actions for their own e-reputation. | Mety afaka hanafina zavatra mahamenatra ireo olona matanjaka, mba hiarovany ny lazany ato amin'ny Aterineto. |
19 | For example, politicians could ask for the removal of posts that criticize their policies and power misuse,” Ben Youssef explained. | Ohatra, nanazava i Ben Youossef hoe mety hangataka ny hanesorana ireo lahatsoratra mitsikera ireo politikany sy ny fanaparam-pahefany ireo mpanao politika,”. |
20 | “It will largely impact the investigative journalism emerging in the region.” | “Hisy fiantraikany lehibe amin'ny Asan-gazety mpanadihady ifotony vao misondrotra ao amin'ny faritra io.” |
21 | There is no reason why Arab governments couldn't put in place their own “right to be forgotten” model, if they wanted to. | Tsy misy antony mihitsy tsy ahafahan'ny governemanta Arabo mametraka maodelinà lalànan'ny “zo hohadinoina” ho azy ireo manokana, rehefa te-hanao izany izy ireo. |
22 | All they have to do is draft another repressive law or simply order ISPs to block content violating the controversial principle. | Mila manao lalàna iray hafa tsy refesi-mandidy fotsiny izy ireo, na mandidy ny ISPs (mpanome tolotra aterineto) fotsiny mba hibahana ny votoaty mifanohitra amin'ny foto-kevitra miteraka resabe. |
23 | Governments in the region already deploy strict libel laws and broad privacy protections with no legal oversight or appeal mechanisms. | Efa mamoaka lalàna hentitra sahady ireo governemanta ireo hanoherany ny fanalam-baràka ary hiarovana mafy ny fiainana manokana, izay rafitra mipetraka tsy misy fanaraha-maso na fandalovana amin'ny fitsaràna. |
24 | These policies systematically deny users access to information and serve to prosecute those who reveal misconduct or wrongdoing by state officials and other powerful actors. | Tonga dia mandà ny fahafahan'ireo mpampiasa Aterineto miditra avy hatrany amin'ireo loharanom-baovao ireo politika ireo, ary natao hanenjehana ireo maneho vaovao tsy marina na fanao tsy nety nataon'ireo mpiasam-panjakana sy ireo olona manam-pahefana ambony . |
25 | Last spring, Social Media Exchange conducted an in-depth study on these types of laws - their work could serve as a roadmap for advocates seeking to preclude lawmaking in this direction. | Ny lohataona lasa teo, nanao fanadihadiana lalina mikasika ireo karazana lalàna ireo ny Social Media Exchange- Afaka atao ho toy ny tondrozotran'ireo mpiaro ny zo izay mikatsaka ny hanakànana ny fizorana ho any amin'ireny lalàna ireny ny asan-dry zareo. Mametraka ny fototra ny lalàna mifehy ny heloka bevava atao amin'ny Aterineto an'ny Emirà Arabo Mitambatra (UAE) |
26 | The UAE's Cybercrime Decree lays the groundwork In 2012, the UAE passed Federal Legal Decree No. 5/2012 on combating cyber crimes, allegedly to “provide legal protection of privacy of all information published online.” | Ny taona 2012, nandany ny Lalàna Federaly Laharana faha. 5/2012 ny UAE, hiadiana amin'ny heloka bevava atao aty amin'ny Aterineto, izay lazaina fa “manome fiarovana ara-dalàna ny fiainana manokan'ny tena navoaka tamin'ny Aterineto.” |
27 | However, like many other repressive laws approved by Arab regimes over the years, this law is yet another tool to legitimize suppression of online speech and political dissent. | Kanefa, toy ireo lalàna maro nentina hanoretana efa nolanian'ireo fanjakàna Arabo nandritra ny taona maro izay, fitaovana iray hafa entina hanamarinana ny fanesorana ny zavatra voalaza sy ny tsy fitovian-kevitra politika ety anaty aterineto indray io lalàna io. |
28 | The decree includes an exhaustive list of illegal activities, all criminalized under a mantle of privacy protection. | Ahitàna lisitra tsy mahalaza manontolo ireo hetsika voaràran'ny lalàna io didim-pitondràna io, lazaina fa helohin'ny lalàna avokoa ireo rehetra ireo ary sarosaronana ho fiarovana ny fiainana manokana. |
29 | It outlaws: | Ataon'io ho ivelan'ny lalàna : |
30 | …using an electronic network or any information technology means for the unwarranted violation of the privacy of others by eavesdropping, intercepting, recording or disclosing conversations, communications, audio and video material; taking photographs of others, creating electronic photos of others, disclosing, copying or saving them; publishing news, electronic photographs or photographs or scenes, comments, data and information even if they are authentic. | …ny fampiasàna tambajotra elektronika, na fitaovana teknolojika fampitam-baovao rehetra natao hanitsakitsahana tsy araka ny lalàna ny fiainana manokan'ny hafa, amin'ny fihainoana, ny fangalàna, fandraisam-peo na ny famoahana ny resadresaka, serasera, amin'ny fitaovana ahenoana feo sy ahitàna lahatsary; maka sarin'olon-kafa, mamorona sary elektronikan'olon-kafa, ny famoaham-baovao, ny fandikàna mitovy na fitahirizana azy ireny; famoahana vaovao, sary elektronika na saripika na toerana itrangan-javatra, fanehoan-kevitra, angon-drakitra sy ny mombamomba ny hafa, na dia marina aza izy ireny. |
31 | The right to be forgotten and the UAE's decree No. 5/2012 have one dangerous point in common: they both restrict the dissemination of authentic content for the purpose of protecting the privacy rights of others. | Misy teboka iraisany, izay mety hampidi-doza, ny zo hohadinoina sy ny didim-pitondràn'ny UAE mitondra ny laharana 5/2012: samy mamepetra ny famoahana ny votoaty marina izy ireo, manana tanjona ny hiaro ny zon'ny hafa amin'ny fiainany manokana. |
32 | In the Arab region the aim appears to be to conceal evidence of misconduct by politicians and public officials. | Ao amin'ireo faritra Arabo, toa hanafenana ireo porofon'ny toetra ratsy ataon'ireo mpanao politika sy ireo mpiasam-panjakana no tanjona. |
33 | While in the EU the right to be forgotten is supposedly aimed at protecting private individuals, the fact that former EU politicians are entitled to exercise the right to be forgotten is troubling. | Raha any amin'ny vondrona Eorôpeana, natao hiarovana ny fiainana manokan'ny tsirairay ilay zo hohadinoina, mampiahiahy ihany anefa ny fahazoan'ireo mpanao politika ao amin'ny vondrona Eorôpeana mahazo io zo hohadinoina io. |
34 | The Internet and the world should not forget the disgraceful acts and corruption of politicians once they leave office. | Tsy tokony hohadinoin'ny Aterineto na ny tany tontolo anefa ireo toetra tsy mendrika sy kolikolin'ireo mpanao politika rehefa miala amin'ny toerany izy ireo. |
35 | We have all seen how public officials are tempted again by power shortly after they leave office. | Hitantsika rehetra hoe toy ny ahoana ny fangetahetan'ireo mpiasam-panjakana ireo fahefana indray , fotoana fohy taorian'ny nialàny tamin'ny toerany. |
36 | Former French president Nicolas Sarkozy recently announced his political comeback despite corruption allegations against him. | Vao haingana izao ny filoha Frantsay teo aloha, Nicolas Sarkozy, no nanambara ny fiverenany amin'ny fanaovana politika, na dia teo aza ny fitoriana azy ho nanao kolikoly. |
37 | In Tunisia, where I work as a freelance journalist, officials who served under the former autocratic and corrupt rule of Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali are making a comeback to the political scene and running for legislative and presidential elections. | Any Tonizia, izay anaovako asa fanaovan-gazety amin'ny tenako manokana, miverina eo amin'ny sehatra politika ary milatsaka amin'ireo fifidianana solombavam-bahoaka sy filoham-pirenena ireo mpiasam-panjakana izay niasa teo ambanin'ny fitondrana teo aloha notarihan'i Zine el-Abidine Ben Ali, fitondràna nodidian'olon-tokana sy feno kolikoly. |
38 | One might argue that Internet filtering is already rampant in the region and that the EU's right to be forgotten ruling is not going to improve or worsen the situation. | Mety misy ny hilaza fa efa zava-misy ny sivana ety amin'ny Aterineto any amin'ny faritra, ary tsy hanatsara na hanaratsy io zava-misy io ny fanapahan-kevitra amin'ny zo hohadinoina an'ny vondrona Eorôpeana. |
39 | This is true to some extent, but the level of Internet filtering practices differ from one country to another. | Marina izay amin'ny lafiny sasany, fa samy hafa ny ambaratongan'ny fanivanana eo amin'ny Aterineto arakaraky ny firenena samy hafa. |
40 | While some governments practice extensive Internet filtering, others are keeping it at minimum levels. | Raha misy ireo governemanta sasany mampihatra be ny fanivanana eo amin'ny Aterineto, ny hafa kosa mitazona io amin'ny faran'izay kely indrindra. |
41 | In Tunisia, for example, the Internet has remained open and relatively uncensored since the ousting of Ben Ali. | Any Tonizia, ohatra, nisokatra tsara ny fampiasana ny Aterineto ary toy ny tsy nisy fanivanana hatry ny nahatratrarana an'i Ben Ali. |
42 | Yet a number of government officials still advocate for the reinstatement of filtering practices to combat “defamation” and “terrorism.” | Nanomboka tamin'izay, mpiasam-panjakana maro tao amin'ny governemanta no nangataka ny fanasiana sivana mba hiadiana amin'ny “fanalàm-baràka” sy “fampihorohorona.” |
43 | Soon, they may begin to call for the filtering of the Internet to protect the right to be forgotten of others, arguing that even “democratic” Europe enshrines this right. | Atsy ho atsy, mety hanomboka hangataka ny fanivànana ny Aterineto izy ireo mba hiarovana ny zon'ny hafa hohadinoina, amin'ny filazàna fa na dia i Eorôpa “demôkratika” aza mampihatra io zo io. |
44 | Dictators have plenty to learn from undemocratic practices of “Western democracies” “For Reporters Without Borders (RWB), if they show me how France monitors the cyberspace, we will commit ourselves to do better.” | Manana zavatra betsaka hianarana amin'ireo fomba fiasa tsy manaja ny demokrasia ireo mpanao didy jadona, amin'ny “demokrasian'ny firenena Tandrefana” “Ho an'ireo Mpitatitra vaovao Tsy Voafetran-Tsisintany (Reporters Without Borders - RWB), raha asehoan'izy ireo ahy ny fomba fanarahan'i Frantsa maso ny sehatry ny Aterineto, vonona ny hifofotra hanao tsaratsara kokoa izahay.” |
45 | Such was the response of former ICTs minister Mongi Marzouk, when RWB criticized the Tunisian government for setting up the controversial Technical Telecommunications Agency, tasked with investigating “ICT crimes.” | Toy izany ny valiny nomen'i Mongi Marzouk, minisitry ny Teknolojia sy Serasera (ICT) teo aloha, raha nitsikera ny governemanta Toniziana ny RWB tamin'ny fametrahana ilay Masoivoho Teknikan'ny Fifandraisan-davitra, natao hanadihady ireo “herisetra amin'ny ICT.” |
46 | “This law took as reference the Budapest Convention [on Cybercrime],” Marzouk said in defence of the decree establishing the agency. | “Nataon'io lalàna io ho tondrozotra ny Fifanarahana Natao tany Bodapest [momba ny amin'ny heloka bevava atao amin'ny Aterineto],” hoy i Marzouk mba hiarovana ilay didim-pitondràna nametrahana ilay masoivoho. |
47 | Although the Budapest Convention marked a significant step forward in building international legal standards for cybercrime, it is far from perfect - many advocates believe the Convention lacks sufficient protections for non-malicious use of certain technologies. | Na dia nanao dingana iray lehibe aza ny Fifanarahana tany Bodapest tamin'ny fametrahana izay tokony ho arahana amin'ny lalàna maneran-tany momba ny heloka bevava atao amin'ny Aterineto, mbola tsy tonga lafatra ihany - maro ireo olona misolovava no mieritreritra fa tsy ampy hiaro tsara amin'ny fampiasana ireo teknolojia sasantsasany tsy ho amin'ny zavatra ratsy ilay Fifanarahana. |
48 | Arab government officials do not hesitate to claim that their practices or laws are as democratic as those of Europe, even when they are not. | Tsy mihambahamba ireo tompon'andraikitra Arabo milaza fa demôkratika mitovy amin'ireo an'i Eorôpa ireo fomba fanaony sy ireo lalànany, na dia tsy izany aza. |
49 | They also learn from the undemocratic practices of “Western democracies.” | Maka lesona avy amin'ny fomba fiasa tsy demokratika amin'ny “demokrasian'ny firenena Tandrefana” ihany koa izy ireo. |
50 | Just as the NSA's mass spying practices can aid dictatorships, so can the right to be forgotten. | Mitovy amin'ny fampiasana ny fitsikilovana faobe ataon'ny NSA afaka manampy ny jadona, dia afaka manao izany koa ny zo hohadinoina. |
51 | EU legislators need to keep in mind that each law they draft could either inspire pro-democracy reformers in lesser democratic countries or incite dictators to “do bad things.” | Ilain'ireo mpanao lalàna amin'ny vondrona Eorôpeana ny miutahiry ao an'tsainy fa ny lalàna tsirairay izay arafiny sy laniany dia na mety manome hevitra ireo mpitaky fanovàna miaro ny demokrasia any amin'ireo firenena tsy dia mbola anjakan'ny demokrasia loatra, na hanitikitika ireo mpanao didy jadona hanao “zavatra ratsy.” |
52 | It is up to them to choose a side. | Izy ireo izany no tokony hisafidy ny lafy tiany ho raisina. |