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1Drones and Drug Politics in China and MyanmarPôlitikan'ny Zava-mahadomelina Sy Ny Drôna Any Shina
2This post is part of our International Relations & Security coverage.Ampahany amin'ny fandrakofanay manokana ny Fifandraisana Iraisam-pirenena & Fandriampahalemana ity lahatsoratra ity.
3Naw Kham before execution.Naw Kham talohan'ny famonoana.
4Screenshot from China Central Television News video.Sary nalaina avy amin'ny lahatsarin'ny vaovao tao amin'ny China Central Television.
5Burmese drug lord Naw Kham and fellow gang members Hsang Kham from Thailand, Yi Lai, and Zha Xika from Laos were executed by China on March 1, 2013 after being found guilty of killing 13 Chinese sailors on the Mekong River in 2011.Novonoin'i Shina ny 1 Martsa 2013 teo ny mpanjakan'ny zava-mahadomelina any Myanmar Naw Kham sy ireo mpikambana ao amin'ny tarika misy azy, Hsang Kham avy any Thailand, Yi Lai, ary Zha Xika avy ao Laos, taorian'ny nanamelohana azy ireo ho namono tantsambo Sinoa 13 tany amin'ny onin'i Mekong tamin'ny 2011.
6The execution grabbed the world's attention for two reasons.Antony roa no nahasarika ny sain'izao tontolo izao tamin'io fanamelohana ho faty io.
7First, Chinese state-run TV networks aired the execution parade, a decision which enraged many people in Myanmar and even in China.Voalohany, nandefa ilay diaben'ny famonoana ireo tambajotran'ny TV m-panjakana Shinoa, fanapahan-kevitra izay naharomotra olona maro tany Myanmar ary en fa hatrany Shina.
8Second, the Chinese government admitted that it considered the use of drones in 2012 to capture Naw Kham who was then hiding in a rural village in Laos.Faharoa, nanaiky ny governemanta Shinoa fa nieritreritra ny hampiasa drones (drôna) tamin'ny 2012 hisamborana an'i Naw Kham izay niafina tany ambanivohitr'i Laos tamin'izany fotoana.
9It was the first time that China publicly acknowledged that it had acquired drones.Io no fotoana voalohany indrindra nampahafantaran'i Shina ampahibemaso fa nahazo drôna izy.
10Naw Kham's execution triggered widespread discussion about his criminal activities.Nahatonga resabe eran-tany momba ny heloka bevava nataony ny fanamelohana ho faty an'i Naw Kham.
11Known as the ‘Godfather of the Golden Triangle', Naw Kham led the 100-strong Hawngleuk Militia in the Shan State border town of Tachilek in Myanmar which engaged in drug trafficking, kidnapping and hijacking.Fantatra amin'ny anarany hoe ‘Mpiahy ny Telolafy Volamena', i Naw Kham dia nitarika ny milisy Hawngleuk ahitàna vatan-dehilahy matanjaka100 tany Tachilek, tanàna antsisintanin'ny Fanjakan'i Shan ao Myanmar izay nanao raharaha fivarotana zava-mahadomelina, fakana an-keriny ary fanodinkodinana.
12With Myanmar as its heartland, the notorious Golden Triangle in mainland Southeast Asia is the world's second largest producer of opium after Afghanistan.Miaraka amin'i Myanmar izay foibeny, ilay Telolafy Volamena fanta-daza any amin'ny faritry ny kaontinantan'i Azia Atsimo Atsinanana no mpamokatra opium goavana indrindra faharoa eran-tany aorian'i Afganistana.
13Naw Kham's gang also extorted protection money from cargo ships along the Mekong River.Nitaky vola ihany koa ny tarik'i Naw Kham ho fiarovana ireo sambo mpanao raharaham-barotra manerana ny Ony Mekong.
14He became the most wanted man in China after his group killed 13 Chinese sailors who refused to pay in 2011.Lasa izy no lehilahy nokarohana fatratra tany Shina taorian'ny namonoan'ny tariny tantsambo Shinoa 13 izay nandà tsy handoa vola tamin'ny 2011.
15The ‘Mekong Tragedy' prompted China, Laos, Myanmar and Thailand to launch joint patrols along the river and coordinate attempts to capture Naw Kham.Nampirisika an'i Shina, Laos, Myanmar ary Thailand hanao fikarohana niraisana nanerana ilay ony sy handrindra ezaka hisamborana an'i Naw Kham ilay ‘Raharaha Tao Mekong'.
16His arrest drew comparisons to the successful operation by US forces to kill al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden.Niteraka fampitahana tamin'ilay hetsika miaramila nataon'i Etazonia hamonoana ny lehiben'ny al-Qaeda, Osama bin Laden, ny fisamborana azy.
17How did Naw Kham elude arrest for so many years?Ahoana ny fomba nataon'i Naw Kham hisorohany ny fisamborana tanatin'ny taona maro?
18It seems he was protected by high-ranking Burmese officials and apparently even by some villagers, says Myanmar's Mizzima News:Araka ny fantatra dia toa narovan'ireo mpitondra avo Birmaney sy ireo mponina vitsivitsy izy, hoy ny gazetin'i Myanmar, Mizzima News:
19He managed for nearly a decade to avoid efforts by the region's law enforcement agencies to capture him because of the “protection and blessings” of both villagers and Burma's military in the Tachilek and Kentung area of Shan State, officials said.Vitany ny nisoroka nandritra ny teo amin'ny roapolo taona teo ny ezak'ireo masoivoho mpampihatra lalàna tany amin'ny faritra natao hisambotra azy noho ny “fiarovana sy fiahiana” nomen'ireo mponina sy ny miaramilan'i Birmania tany amin'ny faritr'i Tachilek sy Kentung ao amin'ny fanjakan'i Shan, hoy ireo tompon'andraikitra.
20He was looked upon as a “Robin Hood”, for the doling out of money he extorted from Mekong shipping.Noraisina ho “Robin des Bois” izy, noho ny vola nosolokiany tamin'ny sambo nivezivezy tao Mekong.
21Naw Kham's tragic life also reminds us about the complexity of narco-politics in Myanmar.Mampahatsiahy antsika ny hasarotr'ireo pôlitikan'ny zava-mahadomelina any Myanmar ihany koa ny fiainana mahonenan'i Naw Kham.
22Shan Herald explains the link between the war on drugs and the raging civil war in north Myanmar:Manazava ny fifandraisana misy eo amin'ny ady amin'ny zava-mahadomelina sy ny adim-bahoaka mitroatra any Myanmar Avaratra ny Shan Herald:
23No one is innocent in the war on drugs in Burma:Tsy misy na iray aza tsy manan-tsiny amin'ny ady amin'ny zava-mahadomelina ao Birmania:
24The people because of their desperate need for survivalNy vahoaka noho ny filàn'izy ireo fatratra ny hiaina
25The rebels to buy arms for the struggle against a tyrannical governmentIreo mpikomy mba hividianan'izy ireo fitaovam-piadiana enti-miady aminà governemanta mpanao didy jadona
26The government and its armed forces for encouraging allies to be involved in the drug trade to fight against the resistance and for allowing their units to be involved so they could feed, clothe and equip themselvesNy governemanta sy ireo heriny mitam-piadiana noho ny fampirisihan'izy ireo ny namany hiditra anatin'ny fivarotana zava-mahadomelina entina miady amin'ny mpanohitra sy ny famelan'izy ireo ny heriny hirotsaka anatin'izany ahafahan'izy ireo mihinana, miakanjo ary hiamatsy tena ara-pitaovana
27The circle becomes complete when greedy financiers take advantage of the state of affairs to invest, produce and trade in drugsFeno ny faribolana rehefa manararaotra ny toe-javatra misy eo amin'ny sehatry ny fandraharahana mba hirotsahana, hamokarana ary hivarotana zava-mahadomelina ireo mpandraharaha tia vola
28Khuensai Jaiyen of the Shan Drug Watch believes that a “political solution with armed ethnic groups” is the key to addressing the drug menace:Mino i Khuensai Jaiyen avy ao amin'ny sampan'ny Fanaraha-maso Ny Zava-mahadomelina ao Shan fa ny “vahaolana pôlitika miaraka amin'ireo vondrom-poko mitam-piadiana” no fanalahidin'ny famahana ny loza mitataon'ny zava-mahadomelina:
29It's time to end the vicious cycle of new drug lords emerging and being scapegoated over and again.Fotoana izao hamaranana ilay faribolana vetavetan'ireo mpanjaka vaovaon'ny zava-mahadomelina izay mipoitra sy hatao saribakoly ombieniy ombieny.
30The political root causes of the drug problem must be tackledTokony hojerena ny fototra politikan'io olan'ny zava-mahadomelina io
31News about China's possession of drones prompted a discussion about whether the Chinese government will authorize their use to protect state investments in Myanmar, in particular its gas pipeline project.Niteraka adihevitra ny vaovao mikasika ny fananan'i Shina drôna, izay mikasika ny faneken'ny governemanta Shinoa na tsia ny hampiasàna izany hiarovana ny fampiasam-bolany any Myanmar, indrindra ny tetikasa “gazoduc”.
32Mizzima weighs on this matter:Miresaka momba ity olana ity i Mizzima:
33Perhaps, but perhaps not.Mety ho eny, mety ho tsia.
34However the fact that China is making its southwestern neighbor aware of its military capabilities sends a message [that is] hard to ignore.Na izany aza ny fahitana ny fampahatsiarovan-tenan'i Shina ny mpiray vodirindrina aminy any atsimo andrefana momba ny traikefany ara-piadiana dia mandefa hafatra iray [izay] tsy azo atao tsinontsinona.
35It is highly likely that Chinese patience and its committed policy of respecting sovereignty will be put to the test in the coming months-not only in containing the Kachin conflict, but also in protecting a vital pipeline from sabotage.Azo inoana marina dia marina tokoa fa hisedra fitsapana ny faharetan'ny Shinoa sy ny pôlitikany momba ny fanajàna ny fiandrianam-pirena mandritra ireo volana hoavy-tsy eo amin'ny sehatry ny adin'ny Kachin irery ihany, fa eo amin'ny fiarovana ireo fantsona be fitaterana solika tsy ho azon'ny ankasom-parana ihany koa.
36With regard to the live showing of the execution march, most Burmese and Chinese internet users have criticized the “unnecessary spectacle”.Raha ny mikasika ny fandefasana mivantana ilay diaben'ny famonoana, nitsikera ilay “fihetsiketsehana tsy dia ilaina loatra” ny ankamaroan'ireo Birmana sy Shinoa mpampiasa aterineto.
37Nicholas Bequelin of Human Rights Watch described it as an ‘affront to human dignity':Nanoritsoritra izany ho ‘faniratsirana ny fahamendrehan'olombelona' i Nicholas Bequelin avy ao amin'ny Sampana mpanaramaso ny Zon'olombelona:
38There is no reason to turn an execution into this grotesque show and it actually detracts from the effective dispensation of justice … no matter what they have done, they are not animals in a zoo.Tsy misy tokony hamadihana fanamelohana ho faty ho lasa toy ny fampisehoana mampihomehy tahaka izao ary izany dia mivaona amin'ny fametrahana ny marina … na inona na inona vitan'izy ireo, tsy biby anaty vala izy ireny.
39This post and its translations to Spanish, Arabic and French were commissioned by the International Security Network (ISN) as part of a partnership to seek out citizen voices on international relations and security issues worldwide.
40This post was first published on the ISN blog, see similar stories here.