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1A First for Africa: Ex-Dictator to be Judged on the ContinentSambany Mpitondra Jadona Afrikana Teo Aloha Tsaraina ato Amin'ny Kaontinanta ihany
2A new hybrid court system, the Extraordinary African Chambers has just been set up, opening its doors on February 8, 2013, to judge Hissène Habré, ex-president of Chad in Senegal.Nanokatra ny varavarany ao Dakar, Sénégal, ny fitsarana natsangana hitsara an'i Hissène Habré, filohan'i Tchad teo aloha.
3The organisation Human Rights Watch has been working since 1999 with victims of the ex-dictator, currently exiled in Senegal, to bring him to justice. Hissen Habré - still from a Euronews video, YouTubeHatramin'ny 1999 ny Human Rights Watch no niara-niasa tamin'ireo lasibatry ny mpitondra jadona tao Tchad teo aloha mialokaloka [any Sénégal], ahafahana mitory azy any amin'ny fitsarana.
4[The french quotes in this article were directly replaced by their translation in english]Hissen Habré - pikantsary tamin'ny lahatsarin'i euronews ao amin'ny youtube
5On website France-Rwanda Tribune we read of the Inauguration of the Special Tribunal [fr] charged with judging Hissène Habré:Ao amin'ny habaka France-Rwanda Tribune isika no mahita ny fanokafana ny fitsarana manokana hitsara an'i Hissène Habré :
6Senegal initiated its Special Tribunal on Friday (february 8), charged with judging the former president of Chad, Hissène Habré.Nanokatra ny fitsarana manokana hitsara ny filoha Tshadiana teo aloha Hissène Habré i Sénégal tamin'ny zoma [8 febroary] .
7An article on website fasozine.com entitled Senegal: Inauguration of Special Tribunal for the Trial of Hissène Habré gave more information:Ny lahatsoratra Sénégal: Fanokanana ny fitsarana manokana hisahana ny fitsarana an'i Hissène Habré no manome antsipirihany kokoa :
8Habré is accused of thousands of political assassinations and of systematic use of torture during his time in charge of Chad, from 1982 to 1990.«Voampanga ho namono olona an'arivony noho ny resaka politika sy ny fampiasana fampijaliana ho toy ny fahazarana nandritra ny fotoana nitondrany an'i Tchad tanlenalenan'ny taona 1982 sy ny taona 1990 i Habré.
9Habré has lived in exile in Senegal for more than 22 years.Efa mihoatra ny 22 taona no nialokalofan'i Habré tany Sénégal.
10On website lanouvelleexpression.info, an article entitled An Important First: Africa Judges Africans [fr] included the following:Ao amin'ny Sambany, mitsara Afrikana i Afrika no hamakiantsika :
11For the first time in Africa, a former African president is going to be judged in another African country, the African Union (AU) having being given the mandate to find African solutions to African problems.Sambany eto Afrika no misy filoha afrikana teo aloha no hotsaraina any amin'ny firenena Afrikana hafa, efa nanome alalana hitadiavana vahaolana Afrikana amin'ny olana Afrikana ny Firaisambe Afrikana (UA).
12The Juristic advisor of the African Union (AU), Djenna Diarra, noted that “the Hissène Habré affair is important, not for Senegal, but for Africa.Nanamarika ny mpanolo-tsaina eo amin'ny sehatry ny lalàna ao amin'ny Firaisambe Afrikana (UA) Djenna Diarra fa «Zava-dehibe, tsy ho an'i Sénégal fa ho an'i Afrika ny raharaha Hissène Habré.
13So that Africa judges Africans.Ahafahan'i Afrika mitsara ny Afrikana.
14Concerning questions regarding impartiality and risks of pressure from Idriss Déby, who overthrew Habré in a 1990 coup to become current president of Chad, an article on website xalimasn.com included the following:Raha eo amin'ny tsy fitongilanana indray, eo ny mety isian'ny tsindry avy amin'i Idriss Déby izay efa niray toby taminy tao amin'ny afika sady filohan'i Tchad amin'izao fotoana, ao amin'ny Fitsarana an'i Hissène Habré mamaly momba izany ny mpitantana ao amin'ny Fitsarana Afrikana :
15The prosecution, like the defence, are going to make use of complete freedom to conduct their investigations on Chad soil.«Samy manana fahafahana tanteraka amin'ny fomba hanaovany famotorana ao anatin'ny fari-tsisintanin'i Tchad na ny fampanoavana na ny fiarovana.
16It is an essential condition for the good conduct of the trial, and we will be paying particularly close attention to it.Fepetra tsy azo ivalozana io mba ahafahana mampizotra tsara ny fotoam-pitsarana, hotandremanay manokana ny amin'izany»
17The rights of the defence will be respected.«Hohajaina ny zon'ny fiarovana .
18The accused will have recourse to advice.Manan-jò hahazo toro-hevitra ny voampanga.
19They will lead their investigations freely.Halalaka ny fanaovan'izy ireo ny famotorana.
20They will produce their own witnesses…Ry zareo no [hitady] ny vavolombelony tsirairay avy…. »
21If we go back to the article on website lanouvelleexpression.info, it continues [fr]:Iverenantsika ny Sambany, mitsara Afrikana i Afrika izay manohy :
22Regarding the quality and impartiality of the judges, Djenna Diarra's opinion was just as clear: “We had taken into account a certain number of concerns which were that maybe the Senegalese courts would not be objective enough and we went towards this international element.Raha eo amin'ny kalitao sy ny tsy fitongilanan'ny mpitsara, mazava tsara ihany koa ny filazan'i Djenna Diarra: «Efa nosaininay ny mety ho manahirana fandrao tsy mijery mahitsy tsara ny rafi-pitsarana senegaly ka izay no nitondranay ilay kasinga iraisampirenena.
23…There will be judges from Central Africa, South Africa and elsewhere in future chambers.…Hisy mpitsara avy any Afrika Faritra Afovoany, Afrika Faritra Atsimo ary faritra hafa amin'ny fotoam-pitsarana manokana manaraka.
24We aren't reinventing the wheel.« Tsy hamorona indray ny kodiarana izahay.
25We needed a system allowing plenty of objectivity and transparence.Fa tsy maintsy notadiavina ny rafitra mba tsy miangatra kokoa sy mba mangarahara kokoa.
26And we thought that the best way was the system put in place by Cambodia (to judge the former leaders of the Khmer Rouge).Ka noheverinay fa ny raiki-pohy tsara indrindra dia ny toy izay najoro tany Kambodza (nentina nitsara ireo mpitarika ny Khmers rouges, ndlr).
27This method allows every guarantee of a trial in which the rights of the defence are guaranteed.Nahafahana niantoka manontolo ny maha-fitsarana izay voaantoka ny fiarovana ny raiki-pohy».
28An article on website sunuker.com, entitled Hissène Habré Faces Justice, an Historic Moment for Africa, detailled the charge and the trial [fr]:Mamelabelatra ny rafitra napetraka sy ny fombafomba anatontosana azy ny lahatsoratra mitondra ny lohateny hoe Hissène Habré miatrika fitsarana, fotoana manan-tantara ho an'i Afrika :
29The 10 judges and four prosecutors who make up this court, named by the African Union, are now going to be able to start the long examination of the Habré file.Ireo mpitsara 10 sy mpampanoa lalàna efatra, notendren'ny vondrona Afrikana, mandrafitra io fitsarana io manomboka izao no hisahana ny famotorana haharitra dia haharitra momba ny raharaha Habré.
30On the other hand, Hissène Habré may not been seen in court before the end of 2014”, according to Reed Brody.Tsy ho hita eo anoloan'ny fitsarana mialoha ny faran'ny taona 2014 anefa i Hissène Habré, araka ny fanombanan'i Reed Brody.
31“The trial is not going to be held for a while yet, but at least the process has been started, which was almost unimaginable”, continued the Juridic advisor of Human Rights Watch. … “I think that this show trial will make history for Chad and for Africa.« Tsy mbola hotontosaina ao anatin'ny fotoana fohy ny fitsarana fa mba efa manomboka ny fanaovana ny fombafombam-pitsarana, izay efa tsy saiky nantenaina intsony », hoy ny fanombanan'ny mpanolo-tsaina ara-pitsaran'ny Human Rights Watch.
32It is going to show that humble victims can, by their action and their perseverance manage to judge a dictator.”… « Mino aho fa hipetraka ho tantara ho an'i Tchad sy ho an'i Afrika ity fitsarana ity.
33Following the many African dictators [fr] who have been judged in Europe by the International Criminal Court, it is definitely worth celebrating the fact that an African affair will, for once, be heard by an African court.
34The continent's credibility in the face of its other interlocutors will benefit greatly if the trial unfolds according to accepted standards of international law.Hasehony fa na ny olo-tsotra lasibatra aza, noho ny hetsika sy ny fikirizana nananan'izy ireo dia afa-mitondra mpanao jadona iray hotsaraina »