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1 | This Invention by Burkinabe and Burundian Student Scientists Could Save Thousands from Malaria | Fikarohana Nahomby Nataon'ireo Mpianatra Siantifika Burkinabe sy Borondey Iadiana Amin'ny Tazomoka |
2 | Screen Capture of Niyondiko and Dembele' video at their presentation at Maker Faire in Rome, November 2014 | Pikantsary tamin'ny lahatsarin'i Niyondiko sy Dembele nandritra ny fampahafantarana nataon'izy ireo tamin'ny foaran'ny Mpanao zavatra tao Roma, Novambra 2014 |
3 | Saving thousands of lives doesn't have to cost millions of dollars. | Tsy mila mandany an-tapitrisa dolara ny fiarovana ain'olona an'arivony. |
4 | Two students in Africa recently demonstrated that it takes as little as 59 cents to keep some human beings alive, and the solution can be as simple as a bar of soap. | Nampiseho ireo mpianatra roa avy aty Afrika vao haingana fa 59 cents ihany dia ampy hanavotana ain'olona, ary tsotra tahaka ny baran-tsavony ny vahaolana . |
5 | Moctar Dembele, a native of Burkina Faso, and Gerard Niyondiko, born in Burundi, are students at the International Institute for Water and Environmental Engineering in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. | Mpianatra ao amin'ny Ivontoerana Iraisampirenena Mpanao Fikarohana Momba Ny Rano sy ny Tontolo Iainana ao Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso i Moctar Dembele, teratany avy ao Burkina Faso, sy Gerard Niyondiko, teraka tao Burundi. |
6 | Dembele and Niyondiko are no strangers to the threat of malaria, which is the leading cause of death in Subsaharan Africa. | Tsy vahiny amin'ny loza ateraky ny tazomoka, izay mahafaty olona betsaka indrindra aty Afrika Atsimon'i Sahara, i Dembele sy i Niyondiko. |
7 | Every year around the world, about 600,000 people die from malaria-a disease caused by parasites that are spread to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. | Isan-taona manerana izao tontolo izao, eo amin'ny 600,000 eo ireo olona matin'ny tazomoka - aretina avy amin'ny bibikely ary mifindra amin'ny olombelona amin'ny alalan'ny kaikitry ny moka mitondra ny otrikaretina. |
8 | The symptoms typically include fever, fatigue, vomiting, and headaches. | Ny soritr'aretina matetika dia ahitana fanaviana, harerahana, fandoavana, ary aretin'andoha. |
9 | To help counter the disease, Dembele and Niyondiko invented a soap made from locally sourced herbs and natural ingredients, like Shea butter and lemongrass oil, that repel disease-carrying mosquitoes. | Mba hisorohana ny aretina, namorona savony vita amin'ny bozaka sy fangaro voajanahary ao an-toerana i Dembele sy Niyondiko, tahaka ny diberana Shea (karité) sy menaka veromanitra, izay mampandositra moka mitondra ny otrikaretina. |
10 | They called it the “Faso soap”. | Nantsoin'izy ireo hoe “Faso soap (Savony Faso)” izany. |
11 | The concept has the appeal of being both highly practical and affordable: | Mba ho mora ampiasaina sy takatry ny fahefa-mividin'ny rehetra no anton'ny fikarohana: |
12 | To help them with their initiative, UC Berkeley's Global Social Venture Competition recently awarded Dembélé and Niyondiko $26,500. | Mba hanampiana azy ireo amin'ny fikarohana vitan'izy ireo, nahazo loka $26,500 avy amin'ny Fifaninanana “Global Social Venture” an'ny UC Berkeley i Dembélé sy i Niyondiko . |
13 | The science behind the idea is quite straightforward, explains Hugo Jalinière, a science reporter at Sciences et Avenir, a French science magazine: | Somary tsotra ny siansa niavian'ny hevitra, araka ny fanazavan'i Hugo Jalinière, mpanao gazety ara-tsiansa ao amin'ny Sciences et Avenir, gazetiboky Frantsay miresaka siansa: |
14 | The soap acts as a repellent in two ways: its smell and an inside component that kills the larvae and prevents their proliferation in still water. | Ahitana toetra roa ny fomba fiasan'ny savony: ny fofony izay mandroaka ny moka ary ny singa ao anatiny izay mamono ny olitra sy misakana ny fihanak'izy ireo ao anaty rano mihandrona. |
15 | The tests performed on a sample population in Ouagadougou [the capital of Burkina Faso] turned out quite promising. | Mahavelom-panantenana ny andrana natao tamin'ireo mponina tao Ouagadougou [renivohitr'i Burkina Faso] . |
16 | According to the World Health Organization, there are about 200 millions cases of malaria infections annually, resulting in roughly 660,000 deaths. | Araka ny filazan'ny Fikambanana Iraisampirenena misahana ny Fahasalamana (OMS), eo amin'ny 200 tapitrisa eo ny trangan'aretina tazomoka isan-taona, izay miteraka fahafatesan'olona eo ho eo amin'ny 660.000 eo. |
17 | There is no vaccine yet against malaria, but a plethora of antimalarial medications are available as treatments for the various symptoms. | Tsy mbola misy ny vakisiny iadiana amin'ny tazomoka, fa marobe ny fanafody miady amin'ny tazomoka azo ampiasaina hitsaboana ireo karazana soritr'aretina. |
18 | Prevention measures are plenty, but there is no full-proof protection against parasite-carrying mosquitoes and repellents are part of the combination of preventive measures used in the region. | Betsaka ireo fepetra fisorohana ny aretina, saingy tsy misy ny fiarovana feno iadiana amin'ny moka mitondra katsentsitra ary anisan'ireo fepetra fisorohana ampiasaina ao amin'ny faritra ny zavamaniry mandroaka moka. |
19 | Scientists have extensively studied different plant-based repellents against mosquitoes. | Efa nanao fikarohana lalina momba ireo zavamaniry mandroaka moka ny manampahaizana. |
20 | Sarah Moore, a scientist from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, says the results of studies on such repellents' efficiency are so far are inconclusive, but their use has gained in popularity because of the rationale behind such measures: | Sarah Moore, manampahaizana avy ao amin'ny Sekolin'ny Fahadiovana ara-pahasalamana sy ny Fitsaboana any amin'ny Tany Mafana ao Londra no miteny fa lavitry ny fahombiazana ara-panandramana ny vokatry ny fikarohana momba ireny zavamaniry mandroaka moka ireny, saingy malaza eo amin'ny olona ny fampiasana azy noho ny hevitra mitombina amin'ny fandraisana fepetra mitovy amin'izany: |
21 | The field of plant-based repellents is moving forward as consumers demand means of protection from arthropod bites that are safe, pleasant to use and environmentally sustainable. | Mandroso ny sehatry zavamaniry [mandroaka moka] noho ny fitadiavan'ny mpanjifa zavatra mampilamin-tsaina miaro amin'ny kaikitry ny bibikely, mahafinaritra ny fampiasana azy ary miaro ny tontolo iainana amin'ny fomba maharitra. |
22 | It is also extremely fertile due to wealth of insecticidal compounds found in plants as defences against insects. | Mahavokatra be ihany koa noho ny fahabetsahan'ny fangaropamonoam-bibikely hita amin'ny zavamaniry natao iadiana amin'ny bibikely. |
23 | The modern pyrethroids that are the mainstay of the current malaria elimination program that is making excellent progress are harmless to mammals. | Ny fangaro sentetika maoderina izay fototra voalohany amin'ny programam-pandripahana tazomoka amin'izao fotoana izao dia tsara fandroso indrindra fa tsy manohintohina ny biby mampinono. |
24 | Screen Capture of Interactive Africa Map of Artemisinins data via WWARN | Pikantsarin'ny Sarintanin'ny angon-kevitra momba ny fanafody Artemisinin eto Afrika amin'ny alalan'ny WWARN |
25 | Dembélé and Niyondiko are also painfully aware of the economic obstacles to fighting malaria. | Fantatr'i Dembélé sy i Niyondiko amim-pangirifiriana ihany koa ny vatomisakana ara-toekarena misy amin'ny ady amin'ny tazomoka. |
26 | Niyondiko's home country, Burundi, is currently in the middle of a grave humanitarian crisis and the nation ranks 167th among 177 countries on the UN Human Development Index. | Ny Tanindrazan'i Niyondiko, Burundi, amin'izao fotoana izao dia ao anatin'ny krizy mahaolombelona mahafadiranovana ary firenena mitana ny laharana faha-167 amin'ny firenena 177 eo amin'ny Fandaharan'ny Firenena Mikambana amin'ny Fampandrosoana ny Mahaolombelona [UN Human Development Index]. |
27 | Burkina Faso went through its own political upheaval recently and about half of the population lives on less than 1.25 USD a day. | I Burkina Faso indray vao nisedra fikorontanana ara-politika ary tokotokony ho ny antsasaky ny mponina no mivelona ambanin'ny 1,25 dolara US isan'andro. |
28 | Any sustainable solutions to malaria in Africa must be especially affordable, given the region's history and ongoing struggles. | Tsy maintsy takatry ny besinimaro ny vahaolana maharitra iadiana amin'ny tazomoka eto Afrika, amin'ny fahitana ny tantara sy ny tolona mbola atrehin'ny faritra. |
29 | With this in mind, Dembélé and Niyondiko sought to design Faso soap to be as low cost as possible. | Tamin'ny fananana izany tao an-tsaina no nikarohan'i Dembélé sy Niyondiko endrika savony Faso ho moravidy araka izaitratra. |
30 | The project, moreover, could not come at a better time, as the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network recently warned health agencies that resistance to the antimalarial drug artemisinin is on the rise: | Tonga amin'ny fotoanany indrindra ny tetikasa araka ny fampitandremana vao haingana navoakan'ny Tambajotra Manerantany Miady amin'ny Tazomoka ho an'ny sampan-draharaha misahana ny fahasalamana fa miakatra ny tahan'ny tsy fahalairan'ny fanafody artemisinin miady amin'ny tazomoka ny aretina: |
31 | As of February 2015, artemisinin resistance has been confirmed in 5 countries [..] | Tahaka ny tamin'ny febroary 2015, voamarina tany amin'ny firenena dimy fa tsy laitran'ny artemisinin ny aretina. [..] |
32 | In the large majority of sites, patients with artemisinin-resistant parasites still recover after treatment, provided that they are treated with an ACT containing an effective partner drug. | Any amin'ny ankamaroan'ireo toerana nozahana dia mbola sitrana ihany rehefa notsaboina ireo mararin'ny moka tsy laitran'ny artemisinin, ka heverina fa fanafody nampiarahana aminy no itsaboana azy ireo. |
33 | However, along the Cambodia-Thailand border, P. falciparum has become resistant to almost all available antimalarial medicines. | Saingy any amin'ny sisintany manasaraka an'i Kambodza sy Thailandy dia lasa tsy laitran'ny saika fanafody tazo rehetra ny P. falciparum. |
34 | There is a real risk that multidrug resistance will soon emerge in other parts of the subregion as well. | Misy ny fanahiana fa hipongatra ihany koa ny moka tsy laitram-panafody maro any amin'ny zanaparitra hafa. |
35 | Dembélé and Niyondiko know the road ahead is still long, but they say they are prepared for an extended fight. | Mahafantatra i Dembélé sy i Niyondiko fa mbola lavitra ny lalana, saingy efa niteny ry zareo fa efa vonona amin'ny ady hafa. |
36 | Dembélé says the battle is about more than beating the disease; it's also about giving Africa brighter hopes for its own future. | Nilaza i Dembélé fa mihoatra noho ny fandavoana ny aretina ny ady; natao hanome fanantenana mamirapiratra ho an'i Afrika amin'ny hoaviny manokana ihany koa io. |
37 | After winning the award from UC Berkeley, he said: | Taorian'ny nahazoany loka avy amin'ny UC Berkeley, dia niteny izy hoe: |
38 | I am very happy that this award is also a victory for Africa and particularly for Burkina Faso. | Tena faly tokoa aho fa lasan'i Afrika ary indrindra lasan'i Burkina Faso ity loka ity. |
39 | This is the first time a non-American team has won this award. | Sambany no tsy amerikana ny ekipa nahazo ity loka ity. |
40 | This award is to honor of all the youth of Africa. | Reharehan'ny tanora izany, rehareha ho an'i Afrika. |
41 | We hope it will inspire others to move forward. | Tokony handrisika ny tanora handroso ny tahaka itony. |