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1France, World Bank to Help African Nations Negotiate Mining ContractsTolo-Tanan'i Frantsa Sy Ny Banky Mondialy Hanampy Ny Firenena Afrikana Hahay Hifampiraharaha Amin'ny Harena An-kibon'ny Taniny
2To celebrate the 40th anniversary of the Franc Zone monetary cooperation agreements, the President of Côte d'Ivoire, Alassane Ouattara, and the French Minister of Finance, Pierre Moscovici, have published a joint text advocating the establishment of an initiative to end “the excessive exploitation of Africa's reserves” [fr].Ho fankalazana ny tsingerin-taona faha-40 ny fifanaraham-piaraha-miasa ao anatin'ny Faribola Franc, dia namoaka taratasy iraisana ny filohan'i Côte d'Ivoire, Alassane Ouattara, sy ny minisitry ny vola Frantsay, Pierre Moscovici, hamaranana ny “fitrandrahana tafahoatra ny tahiry Afrikana” [fr].
3Following this address, a press release from the World Bank stated that they have created a fund to help African countries better negotiate the exploitation of their natural resources.Taorian'io kabary io dia namoaka fanambarana an-gazety ny Banky Mondialy fa nanangana tahirim-bola hanampiana ny firenena Afrikana hahay hifampiraharaha kokoa ny fitrandrahana ny loharanon-karenany voajanahary.
4This measure seems to formally highlight not only failures of African governments to profit from their resources but also the disproportionate benefits obtained by international operators.Hita fa tsy ny manasongadina ny tsy fahombiazan'ny governemanta Afrikana hianoka ny loharanon-karenany ihany fa ny tombontsoa tafahoatra azon'ny mpitrandraka iraisampirenena no asongadin'ity fepetra ity amin'ny fomba ofisialy.
5An urgent need for fairer dealsMaika
6That this measure aims to ‘promote fair and equitable trade contracts' is the main information to take from this joint address.Fa ny tanjon'ity fepetra ity ‘hampiroborobo ny fifanarahana ara-barotra marina sy ara-drariny' no laharam-pahamehana azo raisina amin'ity kabary niarahana ity.
7But the press release also makes reference to an often controversial past between France and its former colonies.Saingy nilaza ihany momba ny fifandroritana taloha nisy teo amin'i Frantsa sy ny zanataniny taloha ity fanambarana tamin'ny mpanao gazety ity.
8Mr Ouattara stated that [fr]:Nanambara [fr] Atoa Ouattara fa :
9We intend to fight the gap that too often remains between a dated and pessimistic vision of Africa and the current economic dynamism of the continent.Mikasa ny hiady amin'ny elanelana misy, matetika loatra, eo amin'ny fomba fijery lany andro sy mpijery lafy ratsin'i Afrika sy ny fihetsiketsiky ny toekarenan'ny Kaontinanta izahay.
10The Africa of the 21st century is in motion, it is growing as well as being rich in its natural reserves and eager for democracy. [..]Mihetsika, misonga, i Afrikan'ny taonjato faha-21 manankarena otrik'harena voanjanahary sy mitady demokrasia. [..]
11The relationship between France and Africa needs then to be redefined, as the French President wishes.Tsy maintsy faritana indray ny noho izany ny fifandraisana eo amin'i Frantsa sy i Afrika, araka ny fanirian'ny filohan'ny Repoblika Frantsay.
12Video of the meeting between Ouattara and Moscovici, uploaded by AbidjanNetTV.Lahatsarin'ny fihaona teo amin'i Ouattara sy Moscovici, nakarin'i AbidjanNetTV.
13In Togo, République Togolaise commented on the project and noted that [fr]:Any Togo, République Togolaise miresaka momba ny tetikasa ary nanamarika fa [fr]:
14In their forum, Alassane Ouattara and Pierre Moscovici call for a redefined relationship between France and Africa, after decades of shadowy connections, sometimes tinged with corruption, between Paris and its former colonies.Teny amin'ny sehatra nisy azy ireo i Alassane Ouattara sy i Pierre Moscovici no niantso famaritana indray ny fifandraisana eo amin'i Frantsa sy i Afrika, taorian'ny fifandraisana tsy mazavazava am-polony taona, izay miharo kolikoly tsindraindray, teo amin'i Paris sy ny zanataniny.
15In Jeune Afrique, Stéphane Ballong, citing Makhtar Diop, World Bank Vice President for Africa, noted the failure of African Governments [fr] to date and gave more details on the content of the Aid Fund for fairer contracts:Ao amin'ny Jeune Afrique i Stéphane Ballong, manonona ny anaran'i Makhtar Diop, filoha lefitry ny Banky Mondialy misahana an'i Afrika, nanamarika ny tsy fahombiazan'ny Governemanta Afrika hatramin'izao [fr] sy nanome antsipirihany momba ny votoatin'ny Tahirim-Panampiana Hananana Fifampiraharahana Ara-drariny:
16“A Minister of Mines or Finance does not necessarily have the required resources to employ the best expertise in the world to negotiate balanced contracts.”“Tsy manana ny fitaovana sy fahalalana ilaina “hibaikoana” ny fahaizana tsara indrindra eto an-tany hanaovana fifanarahana ara-drariny mba ahafahana manao fifanarahana mifandanja.”
17We must try to address this failure by providing the necessary technical assistance (financial and human resources) to African countries, to obtain better contractual conditions [.]Tsy maintsy atao noho izany ny ezaka hamenoana izany tsy fahampiana izany amin'ny fanomezana fanampiana ara-teknika ilaina (vola na olona) ho an'ny firenena Afrikana, hahazoana fifanarahana tsara kokoa [.]
18He added [fr]:Nampiany [fr] :
19Five main areas need to be covered by this Fund: legal advice to improve the contractual terms of the investment in the mining industries, upstream diagnostics on the institutional capacity of the governments, technical assistance relating to social risks, public policy advice aimed at developing poles of growth upstream and downstream of the mining industry.Sehatr'asa dimy no tokony horakofan'ny Famatsiam-bola: ny tolo-tsaina araka ny lalàna hanatsarana ny fombam-pifanarahana eo amin'ny sehatry ny orinasam-pitrandrahana, Eo ambony ny famantarana ny fahafaha-manaon'ny rafi-panjakana, fanampiana ara-teknika mifandraika ao amin'ny resaka olana ara-piarahamonina, tolo-tsaina eo amin'ny politikam-panjakana mikendry hampivelatra ireo faritra mitombo manokana eo ambony sy ambanin'ny [manodidina?] orinasa mpitrandraka.
20France is committed to providing a contribution of approximately EUR 15 million that will be distributed between the World Bank and the African Development Bank.Nonolo-tena hitondra fandraisana anjara mitentina 15 tapitrisa euris hozaraina amin'ny Banky Mondialy sy ny ny Banky Afrikana Misahana ny Fampandrosoana.
21Kailo Mines, Democratic Republic of the Congo by Julien Harneis on Flickr (CC-license-2.Toeram-pitrandrahan'i Kailo, RDC nopihan'i Julien Harneis hita Flickr (CC-license-2.
220) A measure against the growing influence of China in Africa?0) Fepetra enti-manohitra ny Ambaindain'i Shina aty Afrika?
23Many observers have suggested that these measures are targeted to counteract the growing influence of China in Africa [fr].Maro ny mpitazana no manolo-kevitra fa ireo fepetra noraisina ireo dia enti-manohitra ny fitomboan'ny ambaindain'i (influence) Shina eto Afrika [fr].
24Philippe Hugon, Research Director at IRIS (Institute for International and Strategic Relations) did not fail to note the irony [fr] of the situation:Tsy nanadino nanamarika ny mampihomehy [fr] amin'ny toe-draharaha i Philippe Hugon, Talem-pikarohan'ny IRIS (Ivom-pifandraisana Iraisam-pirenena sy Stratejika):
25Basically, the relationship that China has with Africa is similar to what was happening in France 30 years ago: strong links in the field of politics, non-separation of public and private connections along with significant corruption.Raha jerena ankapobeny, nitovitovy tamin'izay natao tany Frantsa 30 taona lasa izay ihany ny fifandraisan'i Shina amin'i Afrika: fifandraisana matanjaka eo amin'ny sehatry ny politika, fifampidipidiram-pifandraisan'ny fanjakana sy ny tsy miankina miharo kolikoly vaventy.
26All of this without being very mindful of the environmental and social situation.Ary tsy misy ijerena ny toe-draharaha ara-tontolo iainana sy ara-piaraha-monina izany rehetra izany.
27Bacary Gill in the Democratic Republic of the Congo noted the different development styles [fr] of France and China in Africa:Bacary Gill any amin'ny Repoblika Democratikan'i Kongo manamarika ny fahasamihafan'ny fomba fampandrosoana [fr] ataon'i Frantsa sy Shina aty Afrika:
28China has been a driver for the construction of infrastructure.Mpanetsika eo amin'ny fananganana foto-drafitr'asa i Shina.
29It also breathes new life into projects deemed insufficiently profitable by Western companies.Atsangany ihany koa ny tetikasa heverin'ny orinasa tandrefana ho tsy ampy ahazoana tombombarotra loatra.
30But some fledging African industries have suffered from Chinese competition, and the local population does not always benefit from the knock-on effect of these new projects, due to an insufficient rate of ‘local content', i.e. local employment and subcontracting. [..]Fa tratran'ny fifaninanana Shinoa ny orinasa vao misandratra Afrikana sasantsasany, ary tsy mianoka tombontsoa avy amin'ny fisian'ireny tetikasa vaovao ireny matetika ny mponina ao an-toerana, satria tsy ampy ny tahan'ny fampidiran'asa sy ny fifampiraharahana arakasa ao an-toerana (sous-traitance). [..]
31Despite strong ties with a number of African States, France has long tended to withdraw from this continent.Na dia eo aza ny fifandraisana mafy amin'ny firenena Afrikana maro, tahaka ny niròna amin'ny fisintahana izany i Frantsa ao anatin'ny fotoana maharitra.
32The weight of investments, military presence, everything points in that direction.Ny lanjan'ny fampiasam-bola sy ny fisian'ny tafika dia samy mirona amin'izany zotra izany avokoa.
33For all that, this initiative seems to indicate that France is not counting on letting China expand its influence without resistance.Na eo aza izany, ity fandraisana an-tanana ity dia manondro fa tsy hamela maina an'i Shina hanitatra ny ambaindainy akory i Frantsa.
34An interview with Mr Moscovici on Jeune Afrique confirmed France's desires.Manamarina izany fanirian'i Frantsa izany ny tafatafa nifanaovana tamin'Atoa Moscovici ao amin'ny Jeune Afrique.
35The French Finance Minister said [fr]:Hoy [fr] ny Minisitry ny Vola Frantsay :
36Sub-Saharan Africa accounts for only 3% of French imports and exports, with about 14 billion Euros of imports and 12 billion Euros of exports.Tsy mahasahana afa-tsy 3%n'ny fanondranana sy fanafaran'entambarotra frantsay i Afrika atsimon'i Sahara, amin'ny fanafaran'entana 14 miliara Euros sy fanondranan'entana 12 miliara.
37It's not enough.Kely loatra.
38I do not want to criticize China, I find that outdated.Tsy te-hitsikera an'i Shina aho, hitako fa lany andro izany.
39By reorienting the partnership between France and Africa towards investment we will have better outcomes.Amin'ny alalan'ny fanovana zotra ny fiaraha-miasan'i Frantsa sy Afrika mankany amin'ny fampiasam-bola no ahitantsika ny vokatra tsara indrindra.
40We will help our companies to better understand the risk that they tend to overestimate and moving forward, we will give priority to the energy sector where we have great expertise.Amin'ny fanampiana ny orinasantsika hahazo an-tsaina bebe kokoa ny risika, izay matetika avoitra be loatra; amin'ny firosoana, manome ny laharam-pahamehana ny sehatr'asan'ny angovo izay ananantsika fahaizana manokana.
41We have nothing to fear from China.Tsy mila matahotra an'i Shina isika.
42In Madagascar, the role of China in the exploitation of the country's natural resources, in particular illegal rosewood, has been discussed in detail.Eto Madagasikara, efa noresahina tamin'ny antsipirihany ny anjara toeran'i Shina eo amin'ny sehatry ny fitrandrahana loharanon-karena voanjanahary, indrindra fa ny fanondranana bolabola tsy ara-dalàna [mg].
43However, the role of France in the Madagascar political crisis of 2009 has made local observers weary of French initiatives to help Africa.Saingy ny nataon'i Frantsa teto Madagasikara nandritra ny krizy politika 2009 no mahatonga ny mpanara-baovao eto an-toerana ho mailo amin'izay fandraisana an-tanana ataon'ny Frantsay hanampiana an'i Afrika.
44Regarding this, Lalatiana reported on the difficulties for Francophone Africa [fr] after colonisation, and received this comment from Rajo Rajaonarivelo (in the comment section):Izany no nahatonga an'i Lalatiana hitatitra ny lalan-tsarotra diavin'i Afrika Miteny Frantsay [fr] taorian'ny fanjanahantany, ka nahazoana ity filazan-kevitr'i Rajo Rajaonarivelo (eo amin'ny sehatra fanehoan-kevitra) :
45It is undeniable that the French wanted to establish governance models and governments that served their interests in former colonies.Tsy azo lavina fa nitady maodelim-pitondrana sy mpitantam-panjakana miaro ny tombontsoany any amin'ny firenena nozanahany taloha ny Frantsay.
46But, as they say, it takes two to tango, our rulers must agree.Nefa araka ny filaza hoe “mila olona roa raha handihy tangô”, tsy maintsy mifanara-kevitra aminy amin'izany ny mpitondra antsika.
47Was this the case?Izay ve no zava-misy?
48It is up to all of us to answer.Antsika rehetra no mamaly izany.
49On another level, prior to colonization and even for a few years after, we were self-sufficient with respect to rice.Eo amin'ny sehatra hafa, talohan'ny fanjanahantany sy ny taona vitsivitsy taoriany ihany koa, dia nahatratra ny fahavitan-tena teo amin'ny vary isika.
50There were even years where Madagascar exported it.Nisy aza ny taona maromaro nanondrana vary i Madagasikara.
51Today, we are forced to import 200,000 to 300,000 tonnes per year.Ankehitriny, tsy maintsy manondrana vary 200.000 ka hatramin'ny 300.000 taonina isan-taona isika.
52I don't think that France or the United Kingdom has any interest in this.Tsy mieritreritra aho fa manana tombontsoa amin'izany i Frantsa na i Angletera.
53There seems then to be consensus that African countries need to better understand how to negotiate the exploitation of their natural resources.Tsikaritra ihany fa misy ny marimaritra iraisana fa mila mahatakatra kokoa ny fomba hifampiraharahana amin'ny fitrandrahana ny harena voajanahariny ny firenena Afrikana.
54If this measure actually leads to fairer contracts, it is doubtful that anyone will be concerned that it was conceived with specific geopolitical objectives in mind.Raha tena mitondra tokoa any amin'ny fifanarahana ara-drariny ity fepetra ity dia tsy hiahiahy ny olona hoe misy paikady zeopolitika tao ambadika.