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1Brazil's Comic Book Artists Break the Industry MoldManova Ny Fahazaran-dratsin'ny Indostria Ny Mpanakanto Amin'ny Boky Mampihomehy Any Brezila
2After delving into the world of comics throughout Latin America in our previous post, we return to Brazil to explore Brazilian comicdom just as the country comes off its celebration of National Comic Book Day (Dia do Quadrinho Nacional) [pt] on January 30.Rehefa avy nandalina tsara ny tontolon'ny hatsikana manerana an'i Amerika Latina tao amin'ny lahatsoratsika teo aloha isika, dia hiverina any Brezila hamantatra misimisy kokoa ny comicdom (tontolon'ny fampihomehezana) Breziliana, satria vao avy nankalaza ny andro nasionalin'ny Boky Mampihomehy (Dia do Quadrinho Nacional) [pt] izy tamin'ny 30 Janoary teo.
3First celebrated in 1984 by the São Paulo Cartoonists Association, the date pays homage to the first time “As aventuras de Nhô Quim” [pt] (“The Adventures of Mr. Quim), considered to be Brazil's first comic strip, was published in 1869.Nankalazain'ny fikambanana mpanao sariitatra São Paulo voalohany indrindra tamin'ny 1984 ny andro izay natao ho fahatsiarovana ny fotoana voalohany ny “As aventuras de Nhô Quim” [pt] (“Tantaran'i Atoa. Quim), izay heverina ho tantara hatsikan'i Brezila voalohany, nivoaka tamin'ny 1869.
4To mark the holiday, let's take a look at latest trends and innovations arising from the comic book community in Brazil.Hanamarihana ny fialam-boly, dia andeha isika hijery ny fironana farany sy ny fanavaozana nitranga avy amin'ny fianakaviamben'ny boky fampihomehezana any Brezila amin'izao fotoana izao.
5A comic strip by Pablo Carranza.Tantara mampihomehy nosoratan'i Pablo Carranza.
6The cartoon plays with the fate of a cartoonist in his worst nightmare.Mitantara ny lahatry ny mpanao sary iray ao amin'ny nofy ratsiny ny tantara.
7“(1) Mister, would you draw me?“(1) Ramose, mba afaka ataonao sary ve aho?
8(2) You won't end up at a child's party drawing caricatures of a girl named Evelyn… It was just a nightmare…”.(2) Tsy hiafara amin'ny sariitatra kilalaon'ny ankizy kely nataon'ny zazavavy kely antsoina hoe Evelyn akory ianao… Nofy ratsy fotsiny izy ity…”.
9Used with permission.Nampiasaina niaraka tamin'ny fahazoan-dalana.
10Faced with a comic book market centered for the most part in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, artists from other regions find it difficult to publicize their work.Mananosarotra hoan'ny mpanakanto avy amin'ny faritra sasany ny mamoaka ny asany, satria saika mifatratra ao amin'ny faritr'i Rio de Janeiro sy Sao Paolo daholo ny tsenan'ny boky fampihomehezana.
11Although the core remains located in those larger metropolitan areas, nowadays there are more options available to artists, such as Vitor Batista, to reach a larger audience with their artwork.Na dia hita hoe tafajanona ao amin'ireo faritra metropolitana midadasika ireo ihany aza ny ankamaroany, amin'izao fotoana izao kosa dia misy safidy bebe kokoa mipetraka hoan'ireo mpanakanto, toa an'i Vitor Batista, hanatràrana mpankafy maro miaraka amin'ny sanganasany.
12Batista, who is from the northeastern Brazilian state of Ceará, decided to publish his work on his own blog Território Marginal [pt], from which he also sells his books.Nanapa-kevitra i Batista, izay avy any Ceará faritra avaratra atsinanan'i fanjakana Breziliana, ny hamoaka ny asany eo amin'ny bilaoginy Território Marginal [pt], ary amin'ny alalan'io ihany koa no hivarotany ny bokiny.
13“The man with a pain” by Vitor Batista, published in Território Marginal under a CC BY-NC-ND 2.5 BR license.“Ilay lehilahy marary” nataon'i Vitor Batista, nivoaka tao amin'ny Território Marginal eo ambany lisansa CC BY-NC-ND 2.5 BR.
14(1) The biggest issue with repression in the today's society is its invisibility.(1) Ny tsy fihariharin'ny famoretana misy eo amin'ny fiarahamonina amin'izao fotoana no tena olana lehibe indrindra eo amin'ny fiarahamonina.
15(2) Ooops.(2) Ooops.
16(3) See?(3) Hita ve?
17I have just been arrested and indicted.Vao notazonina am-ponja mihitsy aho izao, ary nomelohina.
18The production and publishing of comic books in Brazil has changed a lot over the years.Niova be mihitsy ny famokarana sy ny famoahana ny boky mampihomehy tany Brezila tao anatin'ny taona maro.
19As comic book artist Bira noted in an interview [pt,en] with a Polish blog:Araka ny nolazain'ny mpanoratra boky mampihomehy Bira ao amin'ny dinidinika nifanaovana taminy [pt,en] niaraka taminà bilaogy Poloney iray:
20We used to buy Comics in the Newspapers' stands in the streets.Efa zatra mividy Boky mampihomehy eny amin'ny fivarotana Gazety eny an-dalana isika.
21Nowadays this is the last place to find Comics magazines, when you look for them.Amin'izao fotoana izao, eny no toerana farany hahitana ny Boky Mampihomehy, rehefa mitady azy ireny ianao.
22Of course you'll find Marvel, DC, Disney and MSP (the only Brazilian) comics there.Mazava ho azy fa ho hitanao eny ny boky mampihomehy Marvel, DC, Disney sy MSP (ny hany mba Breziliana).
23As the publishers have preferred the book or graphic novel format, the best place to find them is the Bookstore.Satria moa tian'ny mpanonta ny boky kokoa ny endrika boky na ny endrikin'ny bokin'ny tantaram-pitiavana, dia ny fivarotam-boky no toerana tsara indrindra ahitàna azy ireo.
24But also we have had a fantastic boom in the comics production (alternative line) with fanzines, independent or small publishers, since 2006.Fa nahita fipoahana govana ihany koa isika teo amin'ny famokarana boky mampihomehy (làlana hafa ihany koa) niaraka amin'ny fikambanan'ny mpankafy (fanzine), ny mahaleotena na koa ny ireo mpanonta madinika, hatramin'ny 2006.
25The fanzine was an important cultural happening in Brazil in the 70's, but they appeared again.Kolotsaina tena manandanja nitranga tany Brezila tamin'ny taona 70 ny fikambananan'ny mpankafy, ary dia nipoitra indray izy amin'izao.
26Self-publishing is a type of strategy that could impact the comic book world not only locally, but also nationally, promoting more geographic diversity within its market.Fomba iray izay mety hisy fiantraikany amin'ny tontolon'ny boky mampihomehy, tsy eo an-toerana ihany, fa koa nasionaly, ny fanontana samirery ny bokin'ny tena, manandratra fahasamihafana ara-jeografika kokoa eo amin'ny tsenany izany.
27But it isn't always easy.Fa tsy mora foana nefa izany.
28In an interview [pt] with the Itiban Comic Shop blog, José Aguiar, an artist and curator for the comic book convention Gibicon [pt] talked about the pros and cons of publishing your own work:Ao amin'ny dinidinika [pt] niaraka tamin'ny bilaogy Itiban Comic Shop, niresaka mikasika ny lafy tsara sy ratsin'ny famoahanao samirery ny asanao i José Aguiar, mpanakanto sy mpitahiry ny fifanarahana Gibicon eo amin'ny boky fampihomehezana [pt]:
29Self-publishing prevents the artist from getting stuck or being under the rule of editors who are not open to different approaches.Miaro ny mpanakanto mba tsy ho voapetrapetraka na koa ho eo ambany fifehezan'ny mpanonta izay tsy misokatra amin'ny safidy sasantsasany ny famoahan'ny tena ihany ny bokin'ny tena.
30This gives them complete creative freedom (…) But the energy and time devoted to distribution tasks and the returns from the points of sales is a disadvantage in this process.Manolotra azy ireo fahalalahana tanteraka amin'ny famoronana izy ity (…) Fa ny hery sy ny fotoana lany ho amin'ireo asa fitsinjarana sy ny tamberina avy any amin'ny toeram-pivarotana azy no tena sarotra amin'ity dingana ity.
31It is not organized and there is not much respect towards the independent editor (…)Tsy voalamina izany ary tsy dia misy fanajana feno ho amin'ny mpanonta boky mahaleotena(…)
32Crowdfunding has proved successful for some initiatives, including this campaign from Quadrinhos Rasos, a duo of artists who adapt popular songs into illustrated situations that are generally different from the more obvious interpretations of their lyrics.Voaporofo ho mahomby ny fikaroham-bola ho an'ireo andrana sasany, isan'izany ity fampielezan-kevitra avy amin'ny Quadrinhos Rasos ity, fiarahana mpanakanto roa izay nanamboatra hira malaza ho lasa tranga an-tsary namboarina, izay samihafa amin'ny efa mahazatra ankapobeny ny tonony.
33A comic strip by Quadrinhos Rasos, a project that presents other interpretations of lyrics of Brazilian pop songs.Horonan-tsary mampihomehy nataon'i Quadrinhos Rasos, tetikasa izay maneho karazana dika hafan'ireo hira pop Breziliana.
34“(1) Go go go go go go (2) time, my friend (3) be nice to me (4) I count on you (5) all over the night (6) just drop me down (7) in the end”.“(1) Alefa alefa alefa alefa (2) Fotoana, ry namana (3) manaova tsara toetra amiko (4) Mahatoky anao aho (5) mandritra ity alina ity (6) alefao etsy ambany fotsiny aho (7) amin'ny farany”.
35Based on the song “Sobre o tempo” by Pato Fu.Nalaina tamin'ilay hira ” “Sobre o tempo” an'i Pato Fu.
36Published under a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 license.Navoaka teo ambany lisansa CC BY-NC-SA 3.0.
37And more and more artists are adopting crowdfunding as an alternative way to finance their projects.Ary mihamaro ihany koa ny mpanankanto no manomboka mampiasa ny fanangonana mpankafy ho lalana iray hafa amin'ny famantsiam-bola ho amin'ny tetikasany.
38This page [pt] on the crowdfunding website Catarse shows examples of comic book projects that have followed such a strategy, some of which have already succeeded.Maneho ohatrana tetikasan'ny boky mampihomehy izay nanaraka ny fomba fiasa fanangonana mpankafy ity pejy [pt] tranokala Catarse mikasika ny fanangonana mpankafy ity, ny sasany amin'izy ireo moa efa nahomby sahady.
39Brazilian comic book influence abroadMahasintona ny avy any ivelany ny boky mampihomehy Breziliana
40Comic book writer Timothy Callahan noted in a column for Comic Book Resources in 2010 that a significant percentage of mainstream comic books in the United States were “actually made in Brazil.Nilaza ny mpanoratra boky mampihomehy Timothy Callahan tao amin'ny pejy natokana ho an'ny Fakan-kevitra mikasika ny Boky Fampihomehezana tamin'ny taona 2010 fa tena saika ” nivoaka avy any Brezila” ny ankamaroan'ny fironan'ny boky fampihomehezana any Etazonia.
41Or at least drawn in Brazil.Na farafaharatsiny hoe sary natao tany Brezila.
42It's a huge percentage, comparatively”.Tena tahany ambony mihitsy raha oharina”.
43It seems the majority of Brazilian comic book artists who find success in the American market are part of the same talent agency.Hoatry ny hoe saika avy amin'ny mpamorona talenta iray ihany ny ankamaroan'ireo mpanakanton'ny boky mampihomehy Breziliana izay mahita fahombiazana ao amin'ny tsena Amerikana.
44In “The Boys from Brazil” column, he wrote:Hoy izy manoratra ao amin'ny pejin'ny “The Boys from Brazil”:
45I just find it interesting that so much of the look of mainstream comics is dependent on a single talent agency in Brazil.Hitako hoe tena mahagaga fotsiny hoe miankina amin'ny mpamorona talenta iray fotsiny any Brezila ny fironan'ny bokin'ny fampihomehezana.
46And I also find it interesting that some of the best artists working in comics today are also from Brazil, even if the existence of the former does not necessarily relate to the latter.Ary hitako ihany koa hoe mahagaga fa avy any Brezila ihany koa ny mpanakanto tsara indrindra miasa amin'ny fampihomehezana amin'izao fotoana izao, eny fa na dia tsy voatery hoe misy ifandraisany aza ny teo aloha sy ny farany. Noho izany.
47So. Brazil.Brezila.
48Goldmine of talent?Harena miafin'ny talenta?
49Fertile ground for comic book artists?Tany lonaky ny mpanakanto amin'ny boky mampihomeny?
50Or machinery of the mainstream?Sa fanodinkodinana ny hevi-bahoaka?
51You can decide that.Ianao no afaka manapaka izany.
52A big change from a few decades ago, when making it big within the mainstream comic book industry was not very common for Brazilians.Fiovana lehibe hatramin'ny taonjato maro lasa izay, raha toa ka tsy dia nahazatra ny Breziliana ny fahalehibeazan'ny indostria maro ho amin'ny boky fampihomehezana.
53Not only for boysTsy natao ho an'ny ankizilahy ihany
54The comic book industry is one that historically has been male-dominated, and many authors and collectives in Brazil are trying to change that.Saika nibahan-toerana ny lehilahy hatramin'izay tamin'ny indostrian'ny boky fampihomehezana, ary maro ireo mpanoratra sy vondrom-panoratra tany Brezila no niezaka nanova izany.
55For starters, blogs such as Lady's Comics [pt] offer a different point of view, talking about female “characters, authors and pencillers”.Ho an'ny mpanomboka, nanolotra fomba fijery hafa ny bilaogy toy ny Lady's Comics [pt] , miresaka mikasika ny “mpilalao vehivavy, ny mpanoratra ary ny mpanao sary”.
56Mulheres nos Quadrinhos (Women in Comics) [pt], a community on Facebook asks: “who said only boys know everything about comics?”.Manontany ny Mulheres nos Quadrinhos (Ny vehivavy ao amin'ny fampihomehezana) [pt], vondrona ao amin'ny Facebook: “iza no nilaza fa ny ankizilahy ihany no mahay ny zavatra rehetra mikasika ny fampihomehezana?”.
57The page features comic strips from various sources, all written with women in mind.Mamoafivoafy loharano maro samihafa, izay nosoratana niaraka tamina vehivavy ao an-tsaina, ity pejy misy mampihomehy ity.
58Illustration in the timeline of Mulheres nos Quadrinhos [Women in Comics].Fanaovana an-tsary ny fandehanan'ny fotoanan'ny ulheres nos Quadrinhos [Ny vehivavy ao amin'ny Fampihomehezana].
59(1) Step by step for women's self defense.(1) Mandeha tsikelikely amin'ny fiarovan-tenan'ny vehivavy.
60(2) adopt an attentive position (3) demonstrate you are interested in a more serious commitment - I love you, I want to be forever by your side and have many children (4) watch him run away in panic.(2) makà toerana mora miala (3) asehoy hoe liana kokoa ianao hiditra amin'ny zavatra hafa - tiako ianao, te-hiaraka aminao aho mandrakizay ho eo anilanao dia hanan-janaka maro isika (4) jereo izy mitsoaka lavitra aminao entin'ny tahotra.
61Me, you, them, we… collectives and collaboration!Izaho, ianao, izy ireo, isika… vondrona sy fiarahamiasa!
62Collaborative arrangements are becoming more common.Efa manomboka mihamaro ny fifanarahana fiaraha-miasa.
63Artists join forces with publishers, videographers, editors, and other creative types to work together, fostering the creation of unusual products and bringing more variety to the market, as well as making the business of comic books more viable.Mampivondrona hery amin'ireo mpamoaka boky, mpanao lahatsary, mpamokatra, ary ireo karazana famoronana izay tsy mahazatra fa ilaina miasa miaraka anefa ny mpanakanto, hanandratana ny famoronana vokatra tsy mahazatra ary mitondra amin'ny fahasamihafana maro eoamin'ny tsena, ary koa fanaovana ny tsenan'ny boky mampihomehy ho azo iainana kokoa.
64Distribution chains are still an issue for print materials.Mbola olana foana ny lalan'ny fanaparitahana hoan'ny boky fanontana.
65And reaching a wider and global audience online is easier than ever.Ary mora lavitra mihitsy ny mahatratra ny mpankafy maro sy eran-tany amin'ny aterineto.
66As a result, artists such as Pablo Mayer, Fernando Medeiros, and Diogo César have taken the digital approach and publish their comics together on their website Pocotomics [pt], updated weekly.Vokany, nisafidy ny lalana niomerika ny mpanakanto toy an'i Pablo Mayer, Fernando Medeiros, sy Diogo César ary namoaka niaraka ny fampihomehezany teo amin'ny tranonkalany Pocotomics [pt], izay avaozina isan-kerinandro.
67Another example is the independent publishing house Beleléu [pt].Ohatra iray hafa ny trano famoahana mahaleo tena Beleléu [pt].
68Based in Rio de Janeiro, the publishing house presents collaborations from various artists, publishing a calendar made by many hands, called Pindura [pt].Miorina any Rio de Janeiro, maneho fiarahamiasa amina mpanakanto maro samihafa ny trano famoahana iray, manolotra fanisan'andro vita tanana, antsoina hoe Pindura [pt].
69In addition to print, they offer online material, even in English (check out Beleléu Magazine!).Hanampiana ny famoahana, manolotra fanampiana amin'ny aterineto ihany koa izy ireo, eny fa na dia amin'ny teny Angilisy aza(Jereo Beleléu Magazine!).
70The future of Brazilian comicsNy hoavin'ny famiphomehezana Breziliana
71The National Comic Book Day in Brazil was marked by many celebrations, such as this one [pt] in Fortaleza and this one [pt] in Salvador.Nomarihina tamin'ny fankalazana maro ny Andro nasionalin'ny Boky Fampihomehezana tany Brezila, toy ity iray ity [pt] tany Fortaleza ary ity iray ity [pt] tany Salvador.
72The 2013 edition has come and gone.Tonga ary dia lasa indray ny famokaran boky 2013.
73What's next for comic books in Brazil?Inona no manaraka ho an'ny boky mampihomehy any Brezila?
74In a 2005 post, blogger Ubiratan Araújo wondered about the future of Brazilian comics:Tao amin'ny lahatsoratra 2005, manontany tena mikasika ny hoavin'ny fampihomehezana Breziliana ny mpitoraka bilaogy Ubiratan Araújo:
75“Maybe the future of the Comics in Brasil will depend on if we, foreign artists, publish or not in USA…”.“Mety hiankina amin'ny hoe, hamoaka any Etazonia isika, mpanakanto vahiny, na tsia, ny hoavin'ny Fampihomehezana any Brezila…”.
76Was this ever true?Mba mety hoe marina ve nefa izany?
77You will not find an answer to that question in this post, simply because there isn't one formula for success in the Brazilian comic book world.Tsy hahita valine eto ianao amin'ity lahatsoratra ity, satria tsotra fotsiny tsy misy raikipohy tokana hoan'ny fahombiazana eo amin'ny tontolon'ny boky fampihomehezana Breziliana.
78What can be said is that as long as Brazilian artists continue to experiment, the future holds in store many alternative and varied approaches to comic book production.Ny zavatra tokana azo lazaina dia raha mbola manohy manandrana koa ny mpanakanto Breziliana, dia hanolotra safidy maro eny amin'ny tsena ny hoavy ary hanolotra fomba hafa amin'ny famokarana boky fampihomehezana.
79This post was written with the collaboration of João Miguel Lima.Nosoratana niaraka tamin'ny fiarahamiasan'i João Miguel Lima ity lahatsoratra ity.