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1Nine Street Kids Die in Senegal Quran School FireSénégal: Namoy ny Ainy ao anaty Haintrano Ny Ankizy eny An-dalambe ao Dakar
2At least nine children died in a raging fire on the night of Sunday 3 March, 2013 in the Medina district of Dakar, Senegal.Farafahakeliny sivy no maty nandritra ny hain-trano tamin'ny alahady harivan'ny 4 marsa lasa teo nitranga tao amin'ny fokontanin'i Médina ao Dakar.
3It was reported that a fire broke out while the children were sleeping in a crowded room at an Islamic school in the capital, and at least seven of the dead are thought to be ‘talibs' (Quran students).Farafahakeliny ny sivy amin'ireo dia talibés (mpianatra ao amin'ny sekoly koranika iray). Efa maro ny tompon'andraikitra politika no niseho sehatra tamin'ity voina ity.
4Following the tragedy, several politicians reacted [fr] to the news, and in doing so, have highlighted just how tough the living conditions can be for talibs.Avoitran'ity voina ity manko ny fahasarotam-piainana mianjady amin'ireo ankizy lazaina fa talibés ireo.
5Hady Ba [fr] explains, on his blog, what being a talib [fr] entails:Sur son blog Hady Ba nous explique ce qu'est un talibé :
6In Senegal, parents would traditionally entrust the care of their children to scholars who would teach them to memorize the Quran and then, as the children grew older, theology.Fomba nentin-drazana eto Senegal ny fandefasan'ny ray aman-dreny ny zanany any amin'ny mpampianatra manokana mba ahafahan'izy ireo mianatra mitadidy ny Korany aloha, dia arakaraka ny itomboany (no ianarany) ny fahalalana ara-pivavahana.
7During the first few years of their studies, these children would not be fed by the marabout [translator's note: Quran teacher] to which they were assigned, but by the entire community.Mandritra ny taona voalohan'izany fianarana izany, tsy ny “mpisikidy” nametrahana ireo zaza ireo no mamahana ireo zaza ireo fa ny fikambanana (fiaraha-monina) iray manontolo.
8Each of these children had a bowl and, three times a day, these students - which are know as ‘talibs' (yes, the word comes from the same Arabic root as ‘Taliban') - would go from door to door among the houses of the town or the village, receiving handfuls of food that they would gather in their bowls to eat … The tradition was meant to be educational - it was intended to form stoic men who, content with what they have, would resist hunger and be indifferent to the pleasures of this base world.Manana vilia lalin'aty tsirairay avy ny ankizy, ary in-telo isan'andro, ireo mpianatra antsoina hoe talibés (eny mitovy fototeny amin'ny voambolana arabika taliban) ireo no mitety trano any ambonivohitra na ao an-tanàna kely ka mahazo poti-kanina angoniny amin'ny vilia lalin'aty ary mihinana … Natao hamolavolàna olona hionona amin'izay ananany, hiaritra hanoanana sy ny karazam-pahafinaretana misy eto amin'ity tany diavina ity izany fomba fanabeazana izany.
9The tradition was based on a particular world-view and on social networks through which the the whole community felt responsible for the wandering children. Over the course of the last few decades, however, the hardships faced by the talibs have started to become excessive.Misoratra ao anatin'ny fomba fijery izao tontolo izao ananan'ny sasany sy any amin'ny tambajotra sosialy iray ka mahatonga ny fiaraha-monina iray manontolo hahatsiaro ho tompon'andraikitra amin'ireny ankizy mivezivezy ireny.
10In its article ‘La détresse des enfants talibés‘ [fr; translator's note: the plight of talib children], Sentinelles, a Swiss NGO, explains:Saingy tao anatin'ny taompolo vitsivitsy izay dia nisy ny zavatra nibolisatra araka izay voatantara ao amin'ny La détresse des enfants talibés (antso famoizam-pon'ny ankizy talibés) :
11The talib survive in the daaras (Quran schools) - often unfinished, makeshift shelters, without water or electricity, where children, deprived of hygiene and basic care, crowd together to sleep, usually on the floor or sometimes on mats, each child pressed up against the next.Miavo-tena any amin'ny daaras (sekoly koranika) ny talibés, matetika ao amin'ny fialofana tsizarizary, tsy vita, tsy misy jiro sy misy rano, nefa dia toerana ifanontofan'ny ankizy mihoatra ny tokony ho zakan'ilay trano atoriana amin'ny tany na ambony tsihy, ary mifampitakisikisina ao.
12Many daaras thrive in this way - under the management of marabouts who are more concerned with their own profits than the talibs' welfare, the students having become a source of income for their teachers.Miroborobo amin'ny toe-javatra tahaka izany ny daaras maro, ary “mpisikidy” mitady ny tombontsoan'ny tenany fa tsy izay mahasoa ny talibés no lehiben'izy ireo, satria io no loharanom-bolan'izy ireo.
13The talibs are at the mercy of these “masters”, who may do with them what they please - violent beatings are common during a talib's religious education.Eo ampelatanan'ny “maître” izay manan-jò feno amin'izy ireo ny momba ireo ankizy. Zavatra toy ny mahazatra izany fampijaliana ara-batana izany mandritra ny fampianara-pivavahana.
14In Senegal, nearly any Muslim can become a marabout, and - in contrast to other types of schools - there is no law governing the daaras.Ao Senegal, saika ny rehetra no afa-miteny ny tenany ho “mpisikidy”, ary tsy misy ny lalàna mifehy ny daaras, tahaka ny lalàna mifehy ny toera-pampianarana mihatra amin'ny hafa.
15The marabouts are revered and enjoy very real power over the population.Toavina fatratra ny “mpisikidy” ary eken-teny eo amin'ny mponina.
16In response to this tragedy, the government has given instructions on the immediate banning of the practice of begging, believing that at the heart of the problem lies the exploitation of children by organized begging.
17Leral.net has quoted [fr] Abdoul Mbaye, Prime Minister of Senegal, as follows:Ho setrin'izany voina izany dia nanapa-kevitra ny handrara ny fangatahana an-dalambe ny governemanta :
18According to Abdoul Mbaye, this “organized begging and this exploitation of children by making them live in risk and in terrible conditions must stop.”Araka ny praiminisitra Abdoul Mbaye “tsy maintsy atsahatra ity fangatahana voarindra sy ity fanambakana ny ankizy avela hiaina ao anatin'ny tontolo mampihoro-koditra ity”.
19According to him, “it is because Senegalese nationals are not gullible that some marabouts go [looking for children] in the neighboring countries of Gambia, Guinea Bissau and Mali.Ary raha hinoana ny teniny, “satria tsy azo fitahina ny senegaly ka misy ireo mpisikidy sasany tonga [mitady zaza] hatrany amin'ny firenena manodidina tahaka an'i Gambie, Guinée Bissau ary any Mali.
20The President has given clear instructions on this issue: such practices must stop.Nanome toromarika hentitra ny Filohan'ny Repoblika : Tsy maintsy atsahatra izany fomba fanao izany.
21Corrupt marabouts will be sought out and punished …Horoahina sy hosaziana ny mpisikidy fetsifetsy…”
22However, as the columnist Dom Bochel Guégan [fr] has pointed out, this is not the first time that the Senegalese government has taken such measures.Fa araka ny nomarihan'ilay mpanao matoandahatsoratra Dom Bochel Guégan dia tsy vao sambany ny governemanta no efa naka fanapaha-kevitra toy izany.
23She would like to believe that the prohibition on begging by children will be effective, however [fr]:Te-hino ny fandrarana ny fangatahana an-dalambe ataon'ny ankizy, izy , saingy… :
24It is tempting for some parents to entrust their children [to a marabout] in the hope that this way, they will not starve. Indeed, this may sometimes be the only possible solution…Fakam-panahy ho an'ny ray aman-dreny sasany, fakam-panahy na izay sisa no azony atao, mametraka ny zanany any amin'ny fiheverana fa any no ahafahany mihinan-kanina…
25Not to mention all the children who have come from abroad - from Guinea or elsewhere - that would need to be returned to their families once they are found…Tsy isaina intsony ny zazalahy avy any ivelany, avy any Guinée sy ny hafa izay tsy maintsy haverina amin'ny fianakaviany, raha hita izy ireny…
26Already in 2010, Abdoulaye Wade, then President of the Republic, had announced an end to talibé begging. He had been driven by pressure from international donors who had set this as a precondition to further financial aid.Efa nanambara ny hamaranana ny fangatahana ataon'ireo talibés ihany koa tamin'ny 2010 i Abdoulaye Wade, filohan'ny Repoblika tamin'izany fotoana, noteren'ny mpamatsy vola iraisam-pirenena izay nametraka izany ho tsy maintsy atao mialoha ny fanampiana ara-bola hafa.
27The promise did not last long.Tsy naharitra ela ny fampanantenana.
28How long? We saw the streets kids disappear for two or three weeks and then they came back, all of them, and things once again became as they had been before.Hafiriana? roa na telo herinandro dia voamarikay tokoa ny tsy fahitana ireo zazalahy an-dalambe ireo, nialoha ny hiverenan'izy rehetra, ary niverina toy ny taloha indray ny zava-drehetra.
29These are not the only difficulties facing the government. As Hady Ba and Dom Bochel Guégan have pointed out, there was also swift backlash from religious leaders.Tsy izany fahasarotana izany ihany no tsy maintsy atrehin'ny governemanta araka ny navoitran'i Hady Ba sy Dom Bochel Guégan fa tsy ela ihany koa ny vali-bontan'ny mpitari-pivavahana.
30They cite two instances of such opposition:Lahatsoratra roa no notononiny :
31Quran teachers from Touba, Darou Moukhty and Diourbel have been reported [fr] as stating:Les maitres coraniques de Touba ; Darou Moukhty, Diourbel : « Aucun daara ne sera fermé ! »
32“Not a single daara (ed's note: school in wolof) will be closed … We reject the government's diktat … The government is out to settle scores … While the talibé is a small beggar, the government is a bigger beggar … We are ready to bring together 6,666 daaras to pray for its destruction … “.
33The Rufisque daara Quran teachers' regional collective was reported [fr] to have held a press conference in which they threatened mystical combat against the President.“Tsy misy daara hikatona… Lavinay ny jadon'ny Fanjakana… Te-hanao politikam-balifaty ny fanjakana… mpangataka madinika ny talibé ary mpangataka vaventy ny fanjakana… vonona izahay ny hamory ny daaras 6.666 hanao vavaka fandravana …” .
34Some commentators have suggested that the government might introduce religious instruction into the general school curriculum.Nanao valan-dresaka ho an'ny mpanao gazety ny collectif départemental des serignes daaras de Rufisque ary mandrahona ny hanao ady mystika amin'ny Filohan'ny Repoblika.
35Serigne Mansour Sy Djamil [fr], a member of parliament and a religious leader, has argued that the government is responsible for the Medina fire. He has accused the government of abandoning Quran schools, leaving them to face poverty so that it can fund its republican [secular] education agenda.Misy ny manolo-kevitra ny hampidiran'ny fanjakana ao amin'ny fandaharam-pianarana ny fampianarana ara-pivavahana ; tahaka ny hevitry ny depiote Serigne Mansour Sy Djamil izay manombana fa an'ny fanjakana, izay ampangainy nisintaka tamin'ny sekoly koranika hahantra mba ho fampiroboroboana ny fanabeazana repoblikana [laika].
36Photograph of a child in a Senegal street taken Dom Bochel Guégan.Sarin'ankizy eny an-dalambe ao Sénégal navoakan'i Dom Bochel Guégan.
37(reproduced with her permission)(Nahazoana alalana)
38One netizen has reacted [fr] as follows on Facebook:Ao amin'ny Facebook ny mpiserasera iray no maneho hevitra :
39Still this morning [March 12], I bumped into children, barefoot, wearing nothing but an oversized T-shirt - the prohibition is clearly not being respected.Androany maraina [12 marsa] mbola misy ankizy mifanena amiko ihany, tsy mikapa, manao akanjo tee-shirt fotsiny izay lehibe loatra, tsy voahaja mazava loatra ny fandraràna.
40The Prime Minister said yesterday that the necessary laws were already in place (true) and that these need only to be applied.Nilaza ny praiminisitra omaly fa efa misy ny lalàna izao (marina) ary dia ampiharina izany.
41Yako fokon which means let's hope.Yako, fokon, adao antenaina.