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1China: The democracy movement since 1989Sina: Ny fivoaran'ny demokrasia hatramin'ny 1989
2During the last mother's Day weekend on May 10th, a number of intellectuals in Beijing organized a seminar discussing 20 years of the democracy movement in China.Nandritra ny faran'ny herinandron'ny Fetin'ny Reny farany teo tamin'ny 10 Mey, nisy avara-pianarana maromaro tao Beijing nanomana seminera hiresahana ny faha-20 taonan'ny hetsika ho an'ny demokrasia tany Sina.
3This is a very significant event in breaking the long silence among intellectuals on the June 4th student movement, as well as in countering the official position on the incident as a ‘riot.'Hetsika manan-danja tokoa io mba handrodanana ny fahanginan'ireo avara-pianarana momba ny hetsiky ny mpianatra tamin'ny 4 Jona, ary mba hanoherana ny fijery ofisialy an'ilay hetsika ho toy ny ‘korontana'.
4The speeches at the conference were published online in the past few days via China in Perspective.Nandritra ny andro vitsivitsy farany teo, navoaka tamin'ny aterineto tao amin'ny China in Perspective ireo teny nolazaina nandritra ny fivoriana.
5An anonymous article on ‘China in Perspective' gives a detailed account of the discussions in the seminar..Misy lahatsoratra tsy voasonia ao amin'ny ‘China in Perspective' manome amin'ny antsipiriany ny tatitry ny resaka natao tao amin'ilay seminera.
6There were about 19 participants in the seminar, including: Xu Youyu (徐友渔), Mo Zhixu (莫之许)、Cui Weiping (崔卫平), Hao Jian (郝建), Xu Xiao (徐晓), Zhou Duo (周舵), Liang Xiaoyan (梁晓燕), Qin Hui (秦晖), Guo Yuhua (郭于华), Li Hai (李海), Liu Zili (刘自立), Qian Liqun (钱理群), Teng Biao (滕彪), Tian Xiaoqing (田晓青), Wang Junxiu (王俊秀), Xu Yinong (许医农), 、Yan Yusheng (殷玉生), Zhang Boshu (张博树) and Zhang Yaojie (张耀杰).Nisy teo amin'ny 19 teo ny nandray anjara tamin'izany seminera izany, anisan'izany : Xu Youyu (徐友渔), Mo Zhixu (莫之许)、Cui Weiping (崔卫平), Hao Jian (郝建), Xu Xiao (徐晓), Zhou Duo (周舵), Liang Xiaoyan (梁晓燕), Qin Hui (秦晖), Guo Yuhua (郭于华), Li Hai (李海), Liu Zili (刘自立), Qian Liqun (钱理群), Teng Biao (滕彪), Tian Xiaoqing (田晓青), Wang Junxiu (王俊秀), Xu Yinong (许医农), 、Yan Yusheng (殷玉生), Zhang Boshu (张博树) ary Zhang Yaojie (张耀杰).
7The seminar began with 3 minutes silence showing the participants' respect for the Tiananmen mothers and the victims of the June 4th incident.Nanomboka tamina fahanginana 3 minitra ny seminera mba hanehoan'ireo mpandray anjara ny fanajany ireo reny Tiananmen sy ireo niharan-doza tamin'ilay hetsiky ny 4 Jona.
8Qian Liqun started the discussion by explaining the background of the meeting:Nanokatra ny adihevitra i Qian Liqun tamin'ny fanazavana ny lohahevitr'ilay fihaonana:
9Firstly it is a call from a teacher's conscience.Voalohany indrindra aloha, antso avy amin'ny fahatsapan-tenan'ny mpampianatra ity.
10Twenty years ago many students gave up their lives for democracy in China.20 taona lasa izay, mpianatra maro no namoy ny ainy ho an'ny demokrasia taty Sina.
11We as their teachers, we had not been able to protect them and we have lived with that guilt.Amin'ny maha mpanabe azy ireo antsika, tsy afaka niaro azy ireo isika ary niaina tao anatin'izany heloka izany.
12Beida (Peking U) has a tradition of defending their students and 90 years ago during the May 4 movement whenever students were arrested by the authorities, the University principal Cai Yuanpei stood up to defend them.Fomban'i Beida (Anjerimanontolon'i Pekin) ny miaro ireo mpianany ary 90 aona lasa izay, nandritra ny hetsiky ny 4 Mey, isaky ny misy mpianatra voasambotry ny manam-pahefana dia nitsangana foana ny rektoran'ny Anjerimanontolo Cai Yuanpei mba hiaro azy ireo.
13We are in debt to our students who sacrificed their lives and for all these years they have suffered an injustice in the history of the event.Mankasitraka ireo mpianatra nanao sorona ny ainy izahay ary ho an'ireo taona maro nijalian'izy ireo tao anatin'ny tsy fahamarinana tamin'ny tantaran'izany hetsika izany.
14If we don't speak out now, we don't deserve the title of their teachers.Raha tsy miteny androany izahay dia tsy mendrika ny ho antsoina hoe mpanabe azy ireo.
15Secondly, it is a call for justice from intellectual's conscience.Faharoa manarakaraka an'izay, antso ho amin'ny rariny avy amin'ny fahatsiarovan-tenan'ireo avara-pianarana ity.
16Even though politicians may try to justify the events of June 4, intellectuals should insist that a true record of the incident be entered into the history for academic research and discussion.Na dia miezaka ny manamarina ny hetsiky ny 4 Jona aza ireo mpanao politika, tokony hiady ireo avara-pianarana mba ho voasoratra ao anatin'ny tantara ny marina momba ireny hetiska ireny ho an'ny fikarohana sy fifanakalozan-kevitra akademika.
17Qian presented a paper, 'An incomplete historical mission', in the seminar reviewing the democracy movement since the 1940s when the Communist Party challenged KMT's authoritarian rule.Nampiseho taratasy iray i Qian, 'iraka ara-tantara tsy feno', nandritra ny seminera nanaovana jery todika ny fivoaran'ny demokrasia nanomboka tamin'ny taona 1940 tamin'ny nihantsian'ny antoko kaominista ny làlana jadon'ny KMT.
18However, soon after the CCP took control over the State they betrayed the constitutional promise of granting people freedom of speech, expression and assembly etc. The repression of the anti-revolutionary and anti-rightist factions in mid 1950s fully established the CCP's control over all media and publications.Na izany aza, taoriana kelin'ny nahazoan'ny CCP ny fitondràna dia namadika ny fampanantenana lalampanorenana hanomezana fahalalahana hiteny, haneho hevitra sy hivory, sns ho an'ny vahoaka izy ireo. Ny famoretana ireo sampana tsy mpankasitraka ny revolisiona sy mpanohitra ny hery ankavanana tany afovoan'ny taona 1950 no tena nametraka ny fahefan'ny CCP tamin'ireo fanapariaham-baovao famoahana rehetra.
19A new wave of the democracy movement took place in mid 1970s with the emergence of underground people's publications.Nisy tsioka-na hetsika demokratika vaovao indray naka toerana tamin'ny tapaky ny taona 1970 niaraka tamin'ny fipoiran'ny famoahana lahatsoratra an-tsokosoko avy amin'ny vahoaka.
20This movement was again repressed in 1981 by Deng Xiaoping.Noporetin'i Deng Xiaoping indray izany hetsika izany tamin'ny taona 1981.
21Upon reviewing the pamphlets and publications in 1989, Qian pointed out that the Tiananmen student movement is a legacy of democracy movement in China that informs and inspires future quests for political transformation:Taorianan'ny nandinihana ireo ‘brochures' sy ireo famoahan-dahatsoratra tamin'ny 1989, niteny i Qian fa ny hetsiky ny mpianatra tao Tiananmen dia lova avy amin'ny hetsika ho amin'ny demokrasia tany Sina izay mampahalala sy manome aina ny fitadiavana fiovana politika ho avy:
22There should be a merging between Government control and the people's aspirations in the China reform.Tokony hisy marimaritra iraisana eo amin'ny fitondran'ny Governemanta sy ny hetahetan'ny mponina amin'ny fanavaozana any Sina.
23The political system should encourage people's participation based on the core values of democracy including the five freedoms written into our constitution.Ny rafitra politika dia tokony hampirisika ny fandraisan'ny vahoaka anjara, mifototra amin'ny lanjan'ny demokrasia, anisan'izany ny fahafahana dimy voasoratra ao anatin'ny lalam-panorenantsika.
24Any reform that vests total control in the party and the state merely serves the interest of one party rule and will result in a political, economic, social and moral crisis.Ny fanavaozana rehetra izay ny antoko sy ny fitondrana no tena mibahan-toerana ao dia tsy mijery afa-tsy ny tombontsoan'antoko tokana ary hiteraka olana ara-politika, ara-toe-karena, ara-sosialy ary ara-moraly.
25This is the most significant inspiration to be drawn from the 1989 democracy movement and the greatest lesson we have learned from the repression.Io no fampianarana manan-danja be indrindra afaka tsoahina avy amin'ny hetsika ho an'ny demokrasia tamin'ny 1989 ary ny lesona lehibe indrindra azontsika tamin'ny famoretana.
26Zhou Duo presented his personal account of the happenings from mid April to June 4, 1989.I Zhou Duo dia nanolotra ny heviny manokana momba ny zava-nitranga nanomboka tamin'ny tapaky ny volana Aprily ka hatramin'ny 4 Jona 1989.
27Zhou was a reporter who helped organize media workers rally in support of the student movement and tried to persuade the students to leave Tiananmen before the PLA marched into the square.Zhou dia mpanao gazety mpanadihady izay nanampy ireo mpiasa amin'ny haino aman-jery hihetsika hanosika ny hetsiky ny mpianatra ary niezaka ny nandresy lahatra ny mpianatra izy handao an'i Tiananmen alohan'ny nahatongavan'ny PLA teo amin'ilay tany malalaka.
28Cui Waiping pointed out that the collective silence on the June 4 Incident has demoralized our society and it is now time to end that silence:Niteny i Cui Waiping fa nanakivy ny fiaraha-monina ny fahanginana faobe tamin'ny zava-nitranga ny 4 Jona ary fotoanany izao hampitsaharana izany fahanginana izany:
29On the 20th anniversary of June 4, I would like to publicize this letter and raise these questions to all my friends: What are the negative impacts we have bought on our society because of our silence in the past 20 years?Amin'ny tsingerintaona faha-20'ny fahatsiarovana ny 4 Jona, tiako ny hampahafantatra ity taratasy ity ary hametraka ireto fanontaniana ireto amin'ny namako rehetra: Inona no voka-dratsy teo amin'ny fiaraha-monina nateraky ny fahanginantsika nandritra izay 20 taona farany izay?
30What harm has such silence done to our national spirit and morality?Inona no fahasimbana nateraky ny fahanginana toy izany teo amin'ny fanahintsika sy ny ara-moralin'ny firenentsika?
31How has it affected our work and our lives?Toy ny inona ny fiatraikan'izany teo amin'ny asantsika sy ny fiainantsika?
32Can we still keep such a silence?Mbola afaka mitazona izany fahanginana izany ve isika?
33This secrecy is poisoning the environment and atmosphere around us and affecting our life and spirit.Manapoizina ny tontolo iainantsika sy ny rivotra iainantsika izany tsiambaratelo izany ary miatraika any amin'ny fiainantsika sy ny fanahintsika.
34When we choose to moderate our comments to avoid trouble we are actually conspiring in covering up the truth, aligning with the Government and participating in their power game.Rehefa mifidy ny handrindra ny tsikerantsika isika mba hisorohana ny olana dia mifidy ny hanafina ny marina, milahatra amin'ny governemanta ary mandray anjara amin'ny kilalaom-pahefany.
35Even if we did not directly cause the bloody crime 20 years ago, the fact that we have been silent for all these years for whatever reason makes us complicit in the incident.Na dia tsy tena isika mivantana aza no fototry ny filatsahan-drà 20 taona lasa izay, ny fahanginantsika nandritra izay taona maro izay, na inona na inona antony, dia mahatonga antsika ho mpiray tsikombakomba tamin'ny zava-nitranga
36A number of presenters such as Xu Yaoyu and Yan Yusheng pointed out that the June 4 incident challenges the legitimacy and ethical grounds of the State's claim on power.Niteny ireo mpanolotra sasany toa an-dry Xu Yaoyu sy Yan Yusheng fa ny zava-nitranga ny 4 Jona dia mampametra-panontaniana momba ny maha-ara-drariny sy ny ethique [ethical grounds] ijoroan'ny filazan'ny fitondrana.
37The Party-State has become an interest bloc which must be constantly challenged by the grassroots in the form of mass incidents.Lasa rindrim-piarovana tombontsoa izay tsy maintsy resahan'ny aty amin'ny fototra matetika amin'ny endrika olana itambaram-be ny Antoko-Fitondrana.
38Xu Yaoyuexplained how the June 4 incident has shattered people's hopes for the CCP and the authorities.I Xu Yaoyu dia manazava ny namotehan'ny raharahan'ny 4 Jona ny fanantenan'ny vahoaka tamin'ny CCP sy ny manam-pahefana .
39People anticipated repression, but they had not anticipated massacre!Efa nampoizin'ny vahoaka ny herisetra, nefa tsy novinavinain'izy ireo ny vonomoka!
40People criticized and protested against the government but had never treated the government as enemy.Nitsikera sy nanohitra ny governemanta foana ny vahoaka nefa tsy mbola nandray azy ho fahavalo mihitsy.
41We can use a familial metaphor to describe the relationship.Afaka mampiasa sarintsarim-pianakaviana isika mba hanoritsoritana ny fifandraisana.
42People looked on the ruling elite as stubborn, dictatorial parent, but never imagined that they would kill their offspring.Nojeren'ny vahoaka ho toy ny raiamandreny mpanao bontiolo ny mpitondra nanjakazaka sy nanao didy jadona, nefa tsy noeritreretin-dry zareo mihitsy fa hamono ny zanany izy ireo.
43When the image of a family disintegrated and the government treated the people as an enemy, people would then do the same.Rehefa nirodana ilay sarisarina fianakaviana ary nandray ny vahoaka ho fahavalo ny governemanta, dia mba nanao toy izany koa ny vahoaka
44Zhang Boshu criticized the antagonistic rationale and persecution paranoia of the oppressor and ruling oligarchy who see all criticism as ‘conspiracy' and a threat.I Zhang Boshu dia nitsikera ny lojikam-pifanoherana sy ny ‘paranoia'-n'ny mpanararao-pahefana ary ny ‘oligarchie'-ny fitondrana izay mandray ny tsikera ho fihokoana sy fampitahorana.
45On the other side of the coin, Hao Jian pointed out that people also tend to overestimate and exaggerate the irrational aspect of the oppressors.Amin'ny lafiny iray hafa, niteny i Hao Jian fa diso nampakarin'ny mponina sy noventiventesiny loatra ny endrika tsy misy fotony ananan'ny mpanararao-pahefana.
46Zhang Boshu pointed out agreed, saying that:Nasongadin'i Zhang Boshu ny fiombonany hevitra, amin'ny filazana fa:
47Antagonistic rationality is an aspect of any authoritarian political culture.Endrika isehoan'ny kolotsaina pôlitika manao didy jadona rehetra ny ‘Antagonistic rationality'.
48The repression of the 1989 patriotic movement by the CCP was the result of just such an antagonistic rationality.Ny famoretan'ny CCP ny hetsika fitiavan-tanindrazana tamin'ny 1989 dia vokatry ny ‘antagonistic rationality'.
49It regards all criticism against authority as ‘conspiracy' and takes all comments, questions and interpretations of the State as denial of authority and denunciation with bad intent.Raisiny ho fiokoana ny tsikera rehetra manohitra ny fahefana ary mandray ireo tsikera, fanontaniana ary fandikàna izay rehetra ataon'ny fitondràna ho fandàvana ny fahefana sy fitorohana mifono hevi-dratsy.
50This kind of rationale adopted by Deng Xiaoping and other CCP leaders is the beginning of all the wrongs in our history.Fiandohan'ny ratsy rehetra eo amin'ny tantarantsika izany fomba fisainana ananan'i Deng Xiaoping sy ireo mpitarika ny CCP hafa izany.
51Xu noted that after June 4, people turned to the constitution for the citizen rights movement.Nanamarika i Xu fa taorian'ny 4 Jona, nitodika tamin'ny lalampanorenana ho an'ny hetsika fiarovana ny zon'olombelona ny vahoaka.
52In order to gradually transform the political system, Xu stressed the need for upholding universal values and peaceful means.Mba hanovàna tsikelikely ny rafitra politika, nanasongadina ny tokony hanajàna ny fitazonana ny soatoavina iraisam-pirenena sy ny fomba ara-pilaminana i Xu.
53Wang Junxui and Tieng Biao highlighted that since 2003 the citizen rights movement has opened a new direction in the democracy movement and Liang Xiaoyin also saw the emergence of volunteer culture in recent years as a positive development of social awareness.Nanasongadina i Wang Junxui sy Tieng Biao fa nanomboka tamin'ny 2003 dia nanokatra làlam-baovao tamin'ny hetsiky ny demokrasia ny hetsika fitakiana zon'olombelona ary Liang Xiaoyin koa dia nahita ny fipoiran'ny kolotsainan'ny asa an-tsitrapo nandritra ireo taona farany ireo tahaka ny fivoaran'ny fahatsiarovan-tena sosialy.
54Mo Zhixu pointed out that the Internet has been effective in fighting the collective apathy and he believed that more people will join the movement for freedom and democracy. Edited by Bob GuyNiteny i Mo Zhixu fa nahomby ny Aterineto tamin'ny fanoherana ny fitazànam-potsiny faobe ary nino izy fa maro ny olona no hanatona ny hetsika ho an'ny fahafahana sy ny demokrasia.