# | eng | mlg |
---|
1 | Madagascar: The Undercover Investigations That Exposed Rosewood Trafficking from the Rain Forest | Madagasikara: Ny famotorana miafina niainga hatrany an'ala momba ny raharaha-na andramena (bolabola) |
2 | One of the consequences of the enduring political crisis in Madagascar is its punishing impact on the environment, especially on the rain forest that is being pillaged because of a lucrative illegal rosewood. | Iray amin'ny vokatry ny faharetan'ny krizy politika eto Madagasikara ny fiantraikan'ny sazy mihatra amin'ny tontolo iainana, indrindra fa amin'ny ala voajanahary noho ny vola betsaka azo noho ny fitrandrahana tsy ara-dalàna ny andramena (bolabola). |
3 | The combined work of activists and organizations specialized in conservation and protection, and investigative work in environmental crimes and exposing corruption in natural resource exploitation and trade was instrumental in documenting these environmental crimes. | Ny fiasana miaraka eo amin'ny mpikatroka manampahaizana manokana momba ny fiarovana sy ny fitahirizana ny tontolo iainana sy ireo fikambanana mifofotra ho amin'ny mangarahara miady amin'ny kolikoly no nahafahana nanangom-baovao momba ity heloka bevava atao amin'ny tontolo iainana ity. |
4 | The investigation conducted by various independent environmental agencies showed that the illegal logging of rosewood was worth $460,000 USD/day. | Ny fanadihadiana nataon'ny sampan-draharaha mahaleo tena misahana ny tontolo iainana isan-karazany no nahafantarana fa mitentina $460.000 Amerikana ny andramena (bolabola) voatrandraka isan'andro. |
5 | The reports also revealed that the illegal trafficking was sanctioned by the government of Madagascar who authorized the transportation of containers containing the rosewood logs. | Voalazan'ny tatitra ihany koa fa eken'ny fitondram-panjakana eto Madagasikara ity fitrandrahana tsy ara-dalàna ny andramena ity noho ny fanomezany alalana ny fitaterana kontainera misy ny andramena. |
6 | The investigations were conducted for more than 2 years and started when the previous administration were still in place. | Nihoatra ny roa taona no nanatontosana ny fanadihadiana izay natomboka fony mbola ny teo aloha no nitantana ny firenena. |
7 | The issue has only made its way into the political debate and the Malagasy mainstream media in the last few months partly because of the indisputable evidence collected and published by the agencies. | Mbola vao amam-bolana kosa vao nalaza ny momba ity lohahevitra iray ity rehefa misy ny adihevitra politika, ny filazan'ny gazety sy haino aman-jery malagasy noho ny porofo tsy azo lavina navoakan'ny sampan-draharaha voatonona etsy ambony. |
8 | Village Scene in the vicinity of Masoala National Park - invaded by loggers (copyright Global Witness) | Lahatsary navoakan'ny Globalwitness.org nanangom-baovao momba ny fitrandrahana tsy ara-dalàna ny andramena eto Madagasikara |
9 | Many environmental and transparency organizations are to be credited for conducting the investigation in spite of the political turmoil, legal uncertainty and death threats. | Mendri-piderana ny nikirizan'ny fikambanana maro misahana ny tontolo iainana sy ny mangarahara nanao ny fanadihadiana na dia eo aza ny savorovoro politika, ny tsy fitombenan'ny ara-dalàna ary ny fandrahonana ho faty. |
10 | We interviewed Rhett A. | Nitafatafa tamin'i Rhett A. |
11 | Butler, creator of the environmental science and conservation website Mongabay and Reiner Tegtmeyer, member of the Global Witness team, an organization that exposes the corrupt exploitation of natural resources and international trade systems about the many challenges of protecting the environment in an embattled country and the role of technology in collecting data for their reports. | Butler, nanangana ny vohikalan'ny haitontolo iainana sy ny fiarovana azy antsoina hoe Mongabay sy i Reiner Tegtmeyer, mpikambana ao amin'ny ekipan'ny Global Witness, fifandaminana manameloka ny fitrandrahana tsy manara-dalàna ny loharanon-karena voajanahary sy ny rafi-pifampivarotana iraisam-pirenena izahay ka niompana tamin'ny fanamby hiarovana ny tontolo iainana amina firenena tratran'ny fahirano sy tamin'ny anjara asan'ny teknolojia amin'ny fanangonam-baovao hanaovany tatitra ny resaka. |
12 | The full reports on the extent of the traffic and the authorities involved can be found here (Global Witness) and here (Mongabay). | Azo jerena eto (Global Witness) na eto (Mongabay) moa ny tatitra feno momba ity raharaham-barotra tsy manara-dalàna ity sy ireo tompon'andraikitra tafiditra amin'izany. |
13 | Important policy reports on the protection of environment were also published by the Madagascar Wildlife Conservation and Jane Goodall Insitute and the International Resources Group, USAID and Madagascar National Parks. | Misy ihany koa ny tatitra politika momba ny fiarovana ny tontolo iainana navoakan'ny Madagascar Wildlife Conservation sy ny Jane Goodall Insitute ary ny International Resources Group, USAID mbamin'ny Madagascar National Parks. |
14 | These investigations were mostly conducted independently of the others except for a few collaborations. | Samy nahaleo tena avokoa ny famotorana nataon'izy ireo afa-tsy tamin'ny tranga vitsy dia vitsy tokoa nisiana fiasana miaraka. |
15 | Mongabay team in Madagascar- Credits Benja R. at wildmadagascar.org | Ekipan'i Mongabay eto Madagasikara- Isaorana Benja R. ao @ wildmadagascar.org |
16 | The Role of Technology and Cost of Investigative Report: | Ny anjara asan'ny Teknolojia vaovao sy ny sandam-pandaniana nandritra ny famotorana: |
17 | Rhett Butler explains that a team effort was needed to not only collect the evidence but also get the words out in the news and on social media platform: | Nanazava i Rhett Butler fa tsy ny fanangonana porofo ihany no ilana ny ekipa fa ny fanairana amin'ny alalan'ny vaovaon-gazety sy ny valan-tserasera ihany koa: |
18 | Jeremy Hance, Rowan Gerety and the local anonymous tippers were instrumental in collecting and organizing the information. | Nanana ny lanjany tokoa ny fanangonam-baovao sy ny fandrafetana izany nataon'i Jeremy Hance, Rowan Gerety ary ireo mpanome vaovao avy ao an-toerana. |
19 | Tipsters took pictures with mobile phones and basic digital cameras, sent reports via email and text. | Naka sary tamin'ny alalan'ny finday sy fakantsary tsotsotra ny mpanome vaovao ary nandefa izany tamin'ny imailaka na tamin'ny finday (sms). |
20 | Tipsters would monitor shipments at the port and passing tracks and report via mobile. | Narahin'izy ireo maso ny fanondranana an-tsambo teny an-tseranana ary nanao tatitra ny misy azy tamin'ny alalan'ny finday ry zareo ireo. |
21 | The Missouri Botanical Garden financed the acquisition of high resolution imagery that was used to document where rosewood logs were being stored. | Nanampy ara-bola tamin'ny alalan'ny fividianana sary raitra dia raitra (azo tamin'ny zanabolana) ny Missouri Botanical Garden hamantarana ny toerana itahirizana ny andramena. |
22 | This information was conveyed to local authorities (who did little), the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (to investigate under the Lacey Act), the French delegation in Copenhagen, and media (which mostly ignored the story) [..] | Nampitaina tamin'ny fitondram-panjakana teto an-toerana (izay tsy dia nanao inona loatra) ireo vaovao ireo, nampitaina ihany koa tamin'ny sampan-draharahan'ny jono sy ny fiainana “dia” Amerikana (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) hahafahany manao famotorana amin'ny alalan'ny lalàna Lacey, tamin'ny delegasiona frantsay any Copenhagen ary tamin'ny haino aman-jery (izay tsy nahalala ny raharaha ny ankamaroany) [..] |
23 | Satellite imagery from what I understand is expensive and Google Earth imagery is not good enough (resolution and frequency) in this case. | Lafo dia lafo tokoa araka ny fahafantarako azy ny vidin-tsary amin'ny zanabolana ary tsy dia tsara loatra ny sary alaina amin'ny alalan'ny Google Earth amin'ity raharaha ity. |
24 | Mongabay itself did not have a set budget and mostly relied on voluntary and collaborative work. | Na ny Mongabay aza dia tsy manana tetibola ampy ka miankina tanteraka amin'ny alalan'ny fanolorantena tsotra sy ny fiasana miaraka. |
25 | Reiner Tegtmeyer also emphasized that many people ( from Global Witness and outside) were involved in the investigation and the production of reports. | Nasongadin'i Reiner Tegtmeyer ihany koa fa maro ny olona nirotsaka tamin'ny fanadihadiana sy ny fanaovana tatitra avy amin'ny Global Witness sy ny hafa. |
26 | He breaks down the cost of conducting the investigation as follows: | Notsinjarainy araka izao manaraka izao ny saram-pandaniana nandritra ny famotorana: |
27 | a) the investigation's scope (geographical, thematic), b) the target country's transport conditions and flight fares to that country, c) number of stakeholders and persons/organisations affected by the investigation's subject that need to be consulted, and d) whether local experts (technical experts, guides, translators) need to be contracted. | a) Ny valam-pamaritan'ny famotorana (toerana, tematika), b) ny zavamisy ara-pitaterana eto amin'ny firenena sy ny saran'ny fitaterana an'habakabaka, c) ireo olona na fikambanana tafiditra anatin'ny famotorana mila hakana hevitra ary d) ny manampahaizana manokana eto an-toerana (teknisiana, mpitari-dalana, mpandika teny) ilaina hanaovana fifanarahana. |
28 | The costs for a 4-week field investigation like the one in Madagascar would be of about USD $50- 80,000, including expenditures for backup and administrative support, insurance and production and publication of reports. | Eo ho eo amin'ny 50.000 ka hatramin'ny 80.000 dôlara amerikana eo ho eo isaka ny efatra herinandro no lany amin'ny famotorana tahaka itony eto Madagasikara ka tafiditra amin'izany ny lany amin'ny fampitaovana sy ny fitantanana, ny fiantohana ary ny famokarana sy ny famoahana tatitra. |
29 | Sattelite image of rosewood containers courtesy of the Missouri Botanical Gardens | Sary azo tamin'ny zanabolana ahitana kontainera andramena, sary avy amin'ny Missouri Botanical Gardens |
30 | The Challenges in Protecting the Environment | Fanamby amin'ny fiarovana ny tontolo iainana |
31 | Madagascar is a remote place for the rest of the world and the rain forest is remote even for Malagasy people in the capital city. | Toerana lavitra ho an'izao tontolo izao i Madagasikara ary na ny ala voanjanahary aza dia toeran-davitra ihany koa ho an'ny Malagasy monina eto an-drenivohitra. |
32 | Yet Reiner Tegtmeyer does not think distance was the main issue but rather the lack of political will to prevent more illegal logging: | Saingy tsy ny halavirana kosa no olana ho an'i Reiner Tegtmeyer fa ny tsy fisian'ny finiavana politika hisorohana ny fikapana hazo tsy manara-dalàna: |
33 | The main challenge is to break the complicity of government official, in particular reportedly the Prime Minister, and the timber barons in the SAVA Region. | Ny fanamby goavana dia ny fandravana ny firaisana tsikombakomba eo amin'ny mpitondra fanjakana, ary singanina amin'izany araka ny resaka mandeha ny praiminisitra, sy ireo deban'ny fitrandrahana hazo any amin'ny faritra SAVA. |
34 | Consequently, the Government issued again and again “exceptional” exportation authorizations for the timber barons operating in SAVA Region of precious wood officially recognized as being of illegal origin. | Vokatr'izany dia manome alalana hanondranana hazo sarobidy “manokana ” (exceptionnel) ho an'ireo debadeban'ny fanondranana hazo ao amin'ny faritra SAVA izay fantatra fa hazo nokapaina tsy manara-dalàna hatrany ny governemanta. |
35 | But there are also the financial constraints the Interim Government is facing due to punitive sanctions against the country that makes it desperately searching for funds. | Saingy eo ihany koa ny tsy fananam-bola mialoalo amin'ny fitondrana vonjimaika noho ny sazy mihatra amin'ny firenena ka mahatery azy ireo hitady vola amin'ny fomba rehetra. |
36 | A further challenge is insufficient staffing and provision of technical and logistics equipment of the National Parks management and the regional forest and environment administration which results in limited and inefficient control operations. | Fanamby hafa ankoatra izany ihany koa ny tsy fahampian'ny olona sy ny tahiry ary ny fampitaovana amin'ny fitantanana ny sampandraharahan'ny valan-javaboarim-pirenena sy ny sampandraharaham-paritra misahana ny rano sy ny ala ka lasa tsy maharaka sy tsy mahomby loatra ny fanarahamaso. |
37 | Collaboration with law enforcement agencies can partly mitigate these problems but cannot be seen as a definite solution. | Mamaha olana amin'ny ampahany ihany ny fiaraha-miasa amin'ny mpitandro ny filaminana saingy tsy vahaolana maharitra velively izany. |
38 | Furthermore, reported and observed complicity of certain elements of the Gendarmerie jeopardizes effective law enforcement efforts. | Ankoatra izany, manimba ny fanenjehana ireo mpandika lalàna ihany koa ny firaisana tsikombakomba amin'ireo zandary sasantsasany. |
39 | Rhett Butler agrees that political will is critical. | Mieritreritra ihany koa i Rhett Butler fa manana ny lanjany lehibe ny finiavana politika. |
40 | A task force was set up by the current government months ago but it ended with little impact and the members recently complained publicly that they never received their overdue salaries [fr]. | Nisy vondro-tafika manokana (task force) najoron'ny fitondrana volana vitsivitsy lasa izay ka kely ihany ny vokatra azo ary nitaraina ireo mpikambana ao aminy fa tsy mbola nahazo ny karamany mihitsy [fr]. |
41 | Butler also mentions that cyber-attacks were launched against his site and that he received the death threats trying to expose the lucrative trafficking: | Nomarihan'i Butler ihany koa fa niharan'ny fanafihana an-tserasera ihany koa ny vohikalany ary nahazo fandrahonana ho faty noho ny fikasany hamoaka ity fitrandrahana tsy manara-dalàna ahazoana volabe ity: |
42 | I'm still not confident however that illegal logging or shipments of rosewood will not resume again soon. | Tsy matoky aho anefa fa hitsahatra vetivety ity fikapana sy fanondranana an-tsambo andramena tsy manara-dalàna ity. |
43 | It's going to take political commitment to end the trade. | Misy fandraisana andraikitra politika vao mety hifarana ity karazam-barotra ity. |
44 | From my perspective, the situation is now at a point where engagement of other parties is going to be more useful in advancing the issue. | Amin'ny fomba fijeriko, tonga eo amin'ny dingana tokony idiran'ny mpandray anjara hafa ankehitriny ny zavamisy hirosoana amin'ny fikaroham-bahaolana. |
45 | It's also a problem that the press doesn't care that much about such issues and that most Americans don't know anything about Madagascar [..] | Olana moa ny tsy firaharahian'ny famoaham-baovao loatra ity raharaha ity ary tsy mahalala na inona na inona momba an'i Madagasikara akory ny ankamaroan'ny Amerikana [..] |
46 | I don't engage with politicians in Madagascar. | Tsy te-hiara-mihosina amin'ny mpanao politika eto Madaasikara aho. |
47 | Both the Rajoelina camp and the Ravalomanana camp contacted me but I didn't respond because neither camp offered concrete solutions to end the trafficking. | Samy efa nitady fifandraisana tamiko avokoa na ny ankolafy Rajoelina na ny ankolafy Ravalomanana saingy tsy misy novaliako izy roa tonta satria samy tsy manana vahaolana mivaingana hampitsaharana ny fandraharahana tsy manara-dalàna ry zareo. |
48 | In March 2010, a cyber-attack was launched against my sites that corresponded with the peak of the activity around the Delmas shipment. | Tratran'ny fanafihana an-tserasera ny vohikalako tamin'ny volana marsa 2010, volana nampivezivezy indrindra ny sambon'ny Delmas [mitatitra ny andramena]. |
49 | The attacks-which used two very different tactics, one fairly blunt, the other more nuanced-appeared to originate in China, although it's hard to say. I also got some threatening emails from people whom I assume were associated with the loggers (wanting to kill me and in some cases my family). | Paika roa no nentina nanafihan-dry zareo azy ka ny iray tena bontolo mihitsy, ilay hafa kosa somary miolaka toa niainga avy any Shina, nefa sarotra ihany ny milaza izany. nahazo fandrahonana tamin'ny imailaka avy amin'ireo mpifandray tendro amin'ny mpanao raharahan-kazo (mikasa hamono ahy sy ny ankohonako koa amin'ny fandrahonana sasany). |
50 | But they never knew where I was and I also always made sure I protected the identity and anonymity of my sources and colleagues. | Saingy tsy mahalala ny nisy ahy mihitsy ry zareo ary narovako fatratra ihany koa ny mombamomba ireo mpiara-miasa amiko sy ireo loharanom-baovaoko. |
51 | Manambolo River in Madagascar courtesy of Benja R. on wildmadagascar.org | Reniranon'i Manambolo eto Madagasikara natolotr'i Benja R. ao @ wildmadagascar.org |
52 | Solutions for more Effective Environmental Policies | Vahaolana hampahomby kokoa ny politikan'ny tontolo iainana |
53 | Rhett Butler refers to his article here: | Manondro ny lahatsorany i Rhett Butler eto: |
54 | An absolute moratorium on logging combined with amnesty from prosecution for traders and a reforestation program funded by sales of illegally logged timber. | Fepetra fampitsaharana tanteraka ny fitrandrahana ampiarahana amin'ny fampiatoana ny fanenjehana ny mpivarotra sy fananganana ny politikam-pambolenkazo tohanana avy amin'ny vola azo tamin'ny fivarotana ireo bolabola notrandrahana tsy ara-dalàna. |
55 | The moratorium would be effective immediately with violations punishable by a long prison sentence. | Ampiharina avy hatrany ny fepetra ka saziana fonjaina maharitra izay mbola mandika izany. |
56 | Any rosewood logs currently awaiting shipment in Vohemar, Tamatave, and other specified towns would be marked with a counterfeit-proof code (required for export clearance) and recorded in a digital tracking system. | Ny andramena rehetra miandry ny fanondranana azy ao Vohemar, Toamasina ary ny tanàna hafa voatonona mazava dia tokony homarihina (laharana) manokana hiadiana amin'ny hosoka (code anti-contrefaçon) (ilaina amin'ny fandoavana ny fadintseranana eo ampanondranana) ary tombohina amin'ny fitaovana nomerika hanaovana ny fanaraha-maso azy ireny. |
57 | The logs would be auctioned via a transparent market system - the price and the log code would be recorded and publicly available. | Hatao lavanty amin'ny alalan'ny fomban-tsena mangarahara ny andramena - tokony ho voamarika sy hitan'ny besinimaro ny laharan'ny hazo sy ny laharany. |
58 | Reiner Tegtmeyer emphasizes the need for better trained policy makers that can overcome corruption, the legal recognition of tenure and usage rights of local populations and a combination of leverage with aid money with stringent penalties and sanctions: | Nasongadin'i Reiner Tegtmeyer ny filana fampiofanana ny tompon'andraiki-panjakana handreseny ny kolikoly, ny fanekena ny mponina ao an-toerana honina sy hampiasa ny tany ara-dalàna ary ny fametrahana fanoitra amin'ny alalan'ny fanampiana ara-bola sy ny karazan-tsazy sy onitra mety ampiharina: |
59 | Pressure in international media won't have a big impact on states/governments that already have a bad/weak reputation (see Cambodia and Burma). | Tsy dia misy vokany loatra ny fanerena amin'ny fitondrana efa malaza ratsy/malemy avy amin'ny haino aman-jery iraisam-pirenena (jereo Kambodza sy Burma). |
60 | Yet, there is a bit leverage through conditionalities (to be) attached to aid money. | Efa kely ny fiantraikan'ny fanomezana fepetra atao hahazoana fanampiana ara-bola. |
61 | With respect to tenure and usage rights of local populations, studies have shown that traditional farming methods and small-holder farming has the least negative impact on forests; if land rights are acknowledged, farmers show a high interest in maintaining their environment for future benefits. | Amin'ny fanajana ny mponina ao an-toerana honina sy hampiasa ny tany, nasehon'ny fikarohana maro fa ny fiompiana sy fambolena nantin-drazana somary kelikely ireny ihany no misy fiantraikany ratsy kely indrindra amin'ny ala; raha ekena ny fizakana ny tany dia ho liana dia liana amin'ny fitandroana ny tontolo iainany sy ny fitsinjovana ny ho aviny ny tantsaha. [..] |
62 | [..] the fight against illegal logging, in combination with good governance, is high on the agenda of national and international political bodies and the international donor community: Lacey Act from the US Congress and the “Due Diligence obligation” from the European Parliament. | Manandanja eo amin'ny mpanapa-kevitra politika eo amin'ny firenena sy iraisam-pirenena mbamin'ny fikambanana tia manampy ny ady amin'ny fitrandrahana tsy ara-dalàna ny ala, sy ny fitondrana tsara tantana: Ny lalàna Lacey avy amin'ny Kongresy Amerikana sy ny “Adidy Hahay hitondra tena” avy amin'ny Antenimiera Eoropeana. |
63 | The suspension of aid as a sanction against pariah states is a tricky issue. | Saro-toerana tokoa ny fampiatoana ny fanampiana izay karazana sazy ho an'ny firenena atoka-monina. |
64 | Not only has it left the Malagasy government without funds to curb illegal activities through regular and targeted control activities but has also caused mass unemployment and a huge surge in child labour. | Tsy vitan'ny hoe mamela ny governemanta Malagasy tsy manambola hitodika hanao zavatra tsy ara-dalàna amin'ny alalan'ny asam-panaraha-maso manokana sy mahazatra ihany fa miteraka fahaverezan'asa maro dia maro sy mampitombo ny fampiasana zaza tsy ampy taona. |
65 | This fact is one of the reasons the greedy timber barons can so easily get needy people to do the dirty and very hard work to cut and transport ebony, rosewood and pallisander for making a living. | Io toe-java-misy io no manamora ny fahazoan'ireto deban'ny fitrandrahana hazo ireto olona hanao asa maloto sy mafy dia mafy hanapaka sy hitatitra hazoala, andramena ary voamboana mba hiavota-tena. |
66 | The international community (IC) should support, with financial and technical aid, semi-autonomous organisations such as Madagascar National Parks (MNP) to quell the illegal activities and book the responsible parties. [..] | Tokony hanohana ara-bola sy hanofana ireo fikambanana saiky miahy tena tahaka ny Madagascar National Parks (MNP) ny Fiarahamonina Iraisam-pirenena hanameloka ny asa tsy ara-dalàna ary [hanasa] ny vondrona tompon'andraikitra. [..] |
67 | The Malagasy Government should generate funds to effectively control activities in the forests through the overdue confiscation and sale of the stocks of illegal precious wood. | Tokony hanokam-bola hampahomby ny asam-panaraha-maso ny asa any an'ala ny fitondrana malagasy amin'ny fandraofana [hazo] noho ny fahataran'ny fandoavana sy ny fivarotana ireo tahirin-kazo sarobidy tsy ara-dalàna. |
68 | In addition to the official December 2008 inventory in the SAVA main towns, all precious wood stored elsewhere must immediately be inventoried. | Ankoatra ny fanisana nataon'ny fitondrana tamin'ny desambra 2008 tao amin'ny tanàna lehibe indrindra any amin'ny faritr'i SAVA dia tokony isaina [omena laharana] ihany koa ny hazo sarobidy voatahiry any an-toeran-kafa. |
69 | However, all wood not being inventoried must be destroyed as the only effective deterrent for the continuation of cutting down trees. | Na izany aza, tsy maintsy potehina avokoa ny hazo rehetra tsy manana laharana [tsy tao anaty fanisana] fa izany ihany no fomba mahomby hampitsaharana ny fikapana hazo. |
70 | Final thoughts: | Eritreritra farany: |
71 | Reth Butler | Reth Butler |
72 | I've been warned that I cannot return to Madagascar under the current regime. | Nahazo fampitandremana aho fa tsy afa-miverina eto Madagasikara intsony mandritra ny fotoana itantanan'ity fitondram-panjakana ankehitriny ity ny firenena. |
73 | It's sad because Madagascar is my favorite country (in fact the name Mongabay originates from Nosy Mangabe in Madagascar) but a small price to pay for helping interrupt the destruction of the island's wonderful forests. | Mampalahelo izany satria i Madagasikara no firenena mamiko (raha ny marina dia avy amin'ny anaran'ny Nosy Mangabe eto Madagasikara no niavian'ny anarana hoe Mongabay) saingy izay no sandan'ny fiezahana hampitsaharana ny fanapotehina ny ala mahafinaritr'i Madagasikara. |
74 | Reiner Tegtmeyer: | Reiner Tegtmeyer: |
75 | At Global Witness, our work in exposing corrupt exploitation of natural resources and international trade systems, resource-linked conflict, and human rights and environmental abuses does not so much address the broad public but rather national and international policy decision makers and the international community at large who are concerned with, or somehow involved in the policies or support of natural resources extraction. | Ny anay ato amin'ny Global Witness dia tsy ho an'ny sarambambem-bahoaka loatra ny asanay mampiharihary ny asa manakolikoly amin'ny fitrandrahana ny loharanon-karena voajanahary sy amin'ny rafitry ny varotra iraisam-pirenena, ny loharanon-karena miteraka ady ary ny fanosihosena ny zon'olombelona sy ny tontolo iainana, fa mitodika amin'ireo mpanapa-kevitra politika isam-pirenena sy iraisam-pirenena ary amin'ny Fiaraha-monina iraisam-pirenena izay liana na tafiditra amin'ny politika na manohana ny fitrandrahana ny loharanon-karena voajanahary amin'ny ankapobeny. |
76 | Additional resources: | Loharanom-baovao fanampiny: |
77 | National Geographic article on the depletion of Madagascar's natural resources: ” Madagascar's Pierced Heart“ Interview in French with Hery Randriamalala, one of the lead researcher for the MWC and JGI report. | Tafatafa amin'ny teny frantsay niarahana tamin'i Hery Randriamalala, iray amin'ireo mpitarika ny fikarohana hanaovana tatitra ho an'ny MWC sy ny JGI. |
78 | Mongabay in Madagascar | Mongabay eto Madagasikara |
79 | Global Witness | Global Witness |